Abstract: Methods of processing a capacitor device with high energy density and high extraction efficiency based on sol-gel films. The films can be formed by use of a single precursor, including siloxane precursors bearing a polar group on a flexible tethering group. The sol-gel compositions used in the formation of films can have high dielectric permittivity, low dielectric loss, high breakdown strength and high-energy storage properties. The methods can be well suited for both high energy density and high power density to provide enhanced energy storage capabilities for discrete, embedded or on-chip integrated capacitor applications, gate dielectrics for transistors and displays, capacitive touch screens, light weight mobile defibrillators, filters for cellular devices, electric propulsion, electric vehicles, power invertors for microgrid storage, load leveling of transients on a wide range of timescales for medium voltage electric grids.

Abstract: A capacitor device with high energy density and high extraction efficiency based on sol-gel films. The films can be formed by use of a single precursor, including siloxane precursors bearing a polar group on a flexible tethering group. The sol-gel compositions used in the formation of films can have high dielectric permittivity, low dielectric loss, high breakdown strength and high-energy storage properties. The forming processing methods described here can be well suited for both high energy density and high power density to provide enhanced energy storage capabilities for discrete, embedded or on-chip integrated capacitor applications, gate dielectrics for transistors and displays, capacitive touch screens, light weight mobile defibrillators, filters for cellular devices, electric propulsion, electric vehicles, power invertors for microgrid storage, load leveling of transients on a wide range of timescales for medium voltage electric grids.

Abstract: Continuous, conducting metal patterns can be formed from metal nanoparticle containing films by exposure to radiation (FIG. 1). The metal patterns can be one, two, or three dimensional and have high resolution resulting in feature sizes in the order of micron down to nanometers Compositions containing the nanoparticles coated with a ligand and further including a dye, a metal salt, and either a matrix or an optional sacrificial donor are also disclosed.

Abstract: Disclosed are highly efficient multiphoton absorbing compounds and methods of their use. The compounds generally include a bridge of pi-conjugated bonds connecting electron donating groups or electron accepting groups. The bridge may be substituted with a variety of substituents as well. Solubility, lipophilicity, absorption maxima and other characteristics of the compounds may be tailored by changing the electron donating groups or electron accepting groups, the substituents attached to or the length of the pi-conjugated bridge. Numerous photophysical and photochemical methods are enabled by converting these compounds to electronically excited states upon simultaneous absorption of at least two photons of radiation. The compounds have large two-photon or higher-order absorptivities such that upon absorption, one or more Lewis acidic species, Lewis basic species, radical species or ionic species are formed.

Abstract: Continuous, conducting metal patterns can be formed from metal nanoparticle containing films by exposure to radiation (FIG. 1). The metal patterns can be one, two, or three dimensional and have high resolution resulting in feature sizes in the order of micron down to nanometers Compositions containing the nanoparticles coated with a ligand and further including a dye, a metal salt, and either a matrix or an optional sacrificial donor are also disclosed.

Abstract: Continuous, conducting metal patterns can be formed from metal nanoparticle containing films by exposure to radiation (FIG. 1). The metal patterns can be one, two, or three dimensional and have high resolution resulting in feature sizes in the order of micron down to nanometers Compositions containing the nanoparticles coated with a ligand and further including a dye, a metal salt, and either a matrix or an optional sacrificial donor are also disclosed.

Abstract: Disclosed are highly efficient multiphoton absorbing compounds and methods of their use. The compounds generally include a bridge of pi-conjugated bonds connecting electron donating groups or electron accepting groups. The bridge may be substituted with a variety of substituents as well. Solubility, lipophilicity, absorption maxima and other characteristics of the compounds may be tailored by changing the electron donating groups or electron accepting groups, the substituents attached to or the length of the pi-conjugated bridge. Numerous photophysical and photochemical methods are enabled by converting these compounds to electronically excited states upon simultaneous absorption of at least two photons of radiation. The compounds have large two-photon or higher-order absorptivities such that upon absorption, one or more Lewis acidic species, Lewis basic species, radical species or ionic species are formed.

Abstract: Continuous, conducting metal patterns can be formed from metal nanoparticle containing films by exposure to radiation (FIG. 1). The metal patterns can be one, two, or three dimensional and have high resolution resulting in feature sizes in the order of micron down to nanometers. Compositions containing the nanoparticles coated with a ligand and further including a dye, a metal salt, and either a matrix or an optional sacrificial donor are also disclosed.

Abstract: Disclosed are highly efficient multiphoton absorbing compounds and methods of their use. The compounds generally include a bridge of pi-conjugated bonds connecting electron donating groups or electron accepting groups. The bridge may be substituted with a variety of substituents as well. Solubility, lipophilicity, absorption maxima and other characteristics of the compounds may be tailored by changing the electron donating groups or electron accepting groups, the substituents attached to or the length of the pi-conjugated bridge. Numerous photophysical and photochemical methods are enabled by converting these compounds to electronically excited states upon simultaneous absorption of at least two photons of radiation. The compounds have large two-photon or higher-order absorptivities such that upon absorption, one or more Lewis acidic species, Lewis basic species, radical species or ionic species are formed.

Abstract: Disclosed are highly efficient multiphoton absorbing compounds and methods of their use. The compounds generally include a bridge of pi-conjugated bonds connecting electron donating groups or electron accepting groups. The bridge may be substituted with a variety of substituents as well. Solubility, lipophilicity, absorption maxima and other characteristics of the compounds may be tailored by changing the electron donating groups or electron accepting groups, the substituents attached to or the length of the pi-conjugated bridge. Numerous photophysical and photochemical methods are enabled by converting these compounds to electronically excited states upon simultaneous absorption of at least two photons of radiation. The compounds have large two-photon or higher-order absorptivities such that upon absorption, one or more Lewis acidic species, Lewis basic species, radical species or ionic species are formed.

Abstract: Continous, conducting metal patterns can be formed from metal nanoparticle containing fils by exposure to radiation.

Abstract: Disclosed are highly efficient multiphoton absorbing compounds and methods of their use. The compounds generally include a bridge of pi-conjugated bonds connecting electron donating groups or electron accepting groups. The bridge may be substituted with a variety of substituents as well. Solubility, lipophilicity, absorption maxima and other characteristics of the compounds may be tailored by changing the electron donating groups or electron accepting groups, the substituents attached to or the length of the pi-conjugated bridge. Numerous photophysical and photochemical methods are enabled by converting these compounds to electronically excited states upon simultaneous absorption of at least two photons of radiation. The compounds have large two-photon or higher-order absorptivities such that upon absorption, one or more Lewis acidic species, Lewis basic species, radical species or ionic species are formed.

Abstract: The present invention comprises an optical data storage system utilizing a host material and molecules that exhibit non-linear absorption dissolved therein. The non-linear absorbing molecules allow for energy in the form of heat to be generated during the optical data storage process. This heat provides for localized alterations to occur in the pre-formatted holographic grating. The non-linear feature of these molecules allow for alterations to occur at specific depths and locations within the storage medium while limiting the secondary effects on other locations within the storage medium. The molecules exhibiting non-linear absorption may be selected from the group of molecules exhibiting two-photon absorption or reverse saturable absorption. The invention also comprises a method for preparing the optical storage medium, an optical data storage device comprising the optical data storage medium and having a format hologram stored within the medium.

Abstract: A navigation lights device comprises red, green, and white navigation lights attached to the top of a left shoulder portion, a right shoulder portion, and a back side portion, respectively, of a buoyant vest or harness worn over the upper body of a person. A battery pack can be attached to the vest to provide electrical power to the navigation lights via wires that extend therebetween. The navigation lights device can be permanently attached to the vest or can be releasably attached. The navigation lights device also comprises headgear or a helmet that is worn over a top portion of a person's head and includes red, green, and white navigation lights attached to a left side portion, right side portion, and back side portion, respectively, of the headgear. The headgear can include a battery pack attached to the headgear to provide electrical power to the navigation lights via wires that extend therebetween.

Abstract: A vehicular window cleaning apparatus having a wiper arm, wiper blade and drive means therefor in combination with a scrubber for intensifying the cleaning effort of the wiper blade. The scrubber is detachably connected to the wiper blade. A cam means is provided for rotating the wiper blade relative to the wiper arm for selectively and sequentially locking the wiper arm and scrubber against an associated windshield.

Abstract: A vehicular window cleaning apparatus having a wiper arm, wiper blade and drive means therefor in combination with a scrubber for intensifying the cleaning effort of the wiper blade. The scrubber is detachably connected to the wiper blade. An adjustment means is provided for rotating the wiper blade relative to the wiper arm for selectively and sequentially positioning the wiper blade and scrubber against an associated windshield.

Abstract: An optical voltage sensor utilizing an electrooptic polymer is disclosed for application to electric power distribution systems. The sensor, which can be manufactured at low cost in accordance with a disclosed method, measures voltages across a greater range than prior art sensors. The electrooptic polymer, which replaces the optical crystal used in prior art sensors, is sandwiched directly between two high voltage electrodes. Voltage is measured by fiber optical means, and no voltage division is required. The sample of electrooptic polymer is fabricated in a special mold and later mounted in a sensor housing. Alternatively, mold and sensor housing may be identical. The sensor housing is made out of a machinable polymeric material and is equipped with two opposing optical windows. The optical windows are mounted in the bottom of machined holes in the wall of the mold. These holes provide for mounting of the polarizing optical components and for mounting of the fiber optic connectors.

Abstract: A single material (not a multi-element structure) spatial light modulator (50) may be written to (30), as well as read out from (80), using light (20). The device has tailorable rise and hold times dependent on the composition and concentration of the molecular species used as the active components. The spatial resolution of this device is limited only by light diffraction as in volume holograms. The device may function as a two-dimensional mask (transmission or reflection) or as a three-dimensional volume holographic medium. This device, based on optically-induced electron transfer, is able to perform incoherent to coherent image conversion or wavelength conversion over a wide spectral range (ultraviolet, visible, or near-infrared regions).

Abstract: An apparatus and method are disclosed for accumulating hydrocarbon vapor and rendering the vapor environmentally safe by combustion. An internal combustion engine is attached to an interface which accumulates hydrocarbon vapor present in the soil after a spill or leakage from a storage tank or transfer lines. The vacuum of the internal combustion engine present in the intake manifold is used to draw the hydrocarbon vapors from the soil into the interface and then into the engine where they are burned. A catalytic converter of conventional design cleans the end exhaust removing any remaining hydrocarbon pollutants.