Abstract: A three-dimensioinal measurement apparatus has a detecting sensor for measuring a distance to an object having a three-dimensional shape, which detecting sensor is comprised of a non-contact type detecting sensor or a probe type detecting sensor, a drive mechanism arranged to drive the detecting sensor and having orthogonal coordinates constituted by three orthogonal X, Y and Z axes, a control section for controlling an amount of driving provided by the drive mechanism on the basis of predetermined input information and for converting a measured distance provided by the detecting sensor into distance information corresponding to a required coordinate system and outputting the distance information thus converted, and a mounting device for detachably mounting the detecting sensor to a predetermined position. The non-contact type detecting sensor and the probe type detecting sensor are used, as required, while either of them is switched to the other.

Abstract: The disclosure is related to a method for removing crude oil sludge, which is convenient for removing sludge while the crude oil is transported. The method for removing crude oil sludge from crude oil includes the steps of:(a) classifying grains of sludge into coarse grains and small grains;(b) settling the sludge in the crude oil discharged from the classification step to separate the coarse grains from the crude oil;(c) sending the crude oil which is the supernatant constituent in the settling step to a filter in order to separate the remaining sludge in the crude oil; and(d) introducing a part of the above crude oil to a reverse washing liquid inlet of the filter, in order to wash reversely the filter medium of the above filter.