Abstract: A polarization scrambler using a retardance element (RE) is disclosed. The polarization scrambler may include an optical fiber input to transmit an optical signal, and a beam expander to receive and expand the optical signal to create an expanded optical signal. The polarization scrambler may include a retardance element (RE) to cause a polarization scrambling effect on the expanded optical signal and to create a scrambled expanded optical signal. The polarization scrambler may include a beam reducer to receive and reduce the scrambled expanded optical signal to create a scrambled optical signal. The polarization scrambler may include an optical fiber output to receive scrambled optical signal. The optical fiber output may transmit the scrambled optical signal to one or more downstream optical components.

Abstract: A polarization scrambler using a retardance element (RE) is disclosed. The polarization scrambler may include an optical fiber input to transmit an optical signal, and a beam expander to receive and expand the optical signal to create an expanded optical signal. The polarization scrambler may include a retardance element (RE) to cause a polarization scrambling effect on the expanded optical signal and to create a scrambled expanded optical signal. The polarization scrambler may include a beam reducer to receive and reduce the scrambled expanded optical signal to create a scrambled optical signal. The polarization to scrambler may include an optical fiber output to receive scrambled optical signal. The optical fiber output may transmit the scrambled optical signal to one or more downstream optical components.

Abstract: A fiber-optic interconnection stabilization apparatus for a measurement system is provided. The apparatus may comprise a main body comprising an enclosure and two openings. The enclosure may encase a fiber-optic cable within the main body in an organized manner. The two openings may fit connecting ends of the fiber-optic cable such that the connecting ends of may be exposed in order to connect two modular components of a measurement system and form a closed measurement loop. The main body, when in a closed configuration, may stabilizes the fiber-optic cable encased within from external conditions, such as mechanical, thermal, or other environmental conditions that may affect measurements.

Abstract: A polarization scrambler using a retardance element (RE) is disclosed. The polarization scrambler may include an optical fiber input to transmit an optical signal, and a beam expander to receive and expand the optical signal to create an expanded optical signal. The polarization scrambler may include a retardance element (RE) to cause a polarization scrambling effect on the expanded optical signal and to create a scrambled expanded optical signal. The polarization scrambler may include a beam reducer to receive and reduce the scrambled expanded optical signal to create a scrambled optical signal. The polarization to scrambler may include an optical fiber output to receive scrambled optical signal. The optical fiber output may transmit the scrambled optical signal to one or more downstream optical components.

Abstract: A polarization scrambler using a retardance element (RE) is disclosed. The polarization scrambler may include an optical fiber input to transmit an optical signal, and a beam expander to receive and expand the optical signal to create an expanded optical signal. The polarization scrambler may include a retardance element (RE) to cause a polarization scrambling effect on the expanded optical signal and to create a scrambled expanded optical signal. The polarization scrambler may include a beam reducer to receive and reduce the scrambled expanded optical signal to create a scrambled optical signal. The polarization scrambler may include an optical fiber output to receive scrambled optical signal. The optical fiber output may transmit the scrambled optical signal to one or more downstream optical components.

Abstract: A test instrument tests an optical component of a fiber optic network. The test instrument determines signal parameters describing pulses to be emitted by lasers of the test instrument to test the optical component, and directly modulates the lasers to repeatedly emit the pulses at different wavelengths on a single fiber optic cable in a time division multiplexing manner. The test instrument triggers powering measurements to coincide with the emitted pulses, and determines performance parameters of the optical component based on the triggered power measurements.

Abstract: A test instrument is operable to test optical components of a fiber optic network. The test instrument includes a laser having a back-facet monitor. The test instrument measures a performance parameter of an optical component being tested based on optical power of the laser measured by the back-facet monitor. The performance parameter is determined based on optical power measurements that account for drift of the laser.

Abstract: A fiber-optic interconnection stabilization apparatus for a measurement system is provided. The apparatus may comprise a main body comprising an enclosure and two openings. The enclosure may encase a fiber-optic cable within the main body in an organized manner. The two openings may fit connecting ends of the fiber-optic cable such that the connecting ends of may be exposed in order to connect two modular components of a measurement system and form a closed measurement loop. The main body, when in a closed configuration, may stabilizes the fiber-optic cable encased within from external conditions, such as mechanical, thermal, or other environmental conditions that may affect measurements.

Abstract: A fiber-optic interconnection stabilization apparatus for a measurement system is provided. The apparatus may comprise a main body comprising an enclosure and two openings. The enclosure may encase a fiber-optic cable within the main body in an organized manner. The two openings may fit connecting ends of the fiber-optic cable such that the connecting ends of may be exposed in order to connect two modular components of a measurement system and form a closed measurement loop. The main body, when in a closed configuration, may stabilizes the fiber-optic cable encased within from external conditions, such as mechanical, thermal, or other environmental conditions that may affect measurements.

Abstract: A test instrument tests an optical component of a fiber optic network. The test instrument determines signal parameters describing pulses to be emitted by lasers of the test instrument to test the optical component, and directly modulates the lasers to repeatedly emit the pulses at different wavelengths on a single fiber optic cable in a time division multiplexing manner. The test instrument triggers powering measurements to coincide with the emitted pulses, and determines performance parameters of the optical component based on the triggered power measurements.

Abstract: A Faraday-based polarization scrambler is disclosed. The Faraday-based polarization scrambler may comprise a first toroidal assembly. The first toroidal assembly may include an optical fiber that is looped to form a first looped portion, and a first electrical wire that coils around the first looped portion to form a first toroidal configuration. In some examples, the first electrical wire may be connected to a voltage source and carries a current to form a magnetic field within the first toroidal configuration. In some examples, there may be additional toroidal assemblies provided to the Faraday-based polarization scrambler. One or more of these toroidal assemblies may create an actuation field to effect modulation for polarization scrambling and emulation that mitigates polarization-dependent effects.

Abstract: A polarization scrambler using a retardance element (RE) is disclosed. The polarization scrambler may include an optical fiber input to transmit an optical signal, and a beam expander to receive and expand the optical signal to create an expanded optical signal. The polarization scrambler may include a retardance element (RE) to cause a polarization scrambling effect on the expanded optical signal and to create a scrambled expanded optical signal. The polarization scrambler may include a beam reducer to receive and reduce the scrambled expanded optical signal to create a scrambled optical signal. The polarization scrambler may include an optical fiber output to receive scrambled optical signal. The optical fiber output may transmit the scrambled optical signal to one or more downstream optical components.

Abstract: A test instrument tests an optical component of a fiber optic network. The test instrument determines signal parameters describing pulses to be emitted by lasers of the test instrument to test the optical component, and directly modulates the lasers to repeatedly emit the pulses at different wavelengths on a single fiber optic cable in a time division multiplexing manner. The test instrument triggers powering measurements to coincide with the emitted pulses, and determines performance parameters of the optical component based on the triggered power measurements.

Abstract: A Faraday-based polarization scrambler is disclosed. The Faraday-based polarization scrambler may comprise a first toroidal assembly. The first toroidal assembly may include an optical fiber that is looped to form a first looped portion, and a first electrical wire that coils around the first looped portion to form a first toroidal configuration. In some examples, the first electrical wire may be connected to a voltage source and carries a current to form a magnetic field within the first toroidal configuration. In some examples, there may be additional toroidal assemblies provided to the Faraday-based polarization scrambler. One or more of these toroidal assemblies may create an actuation field to effect modulation for polarization scrambling and emulation that mitigates polarization-dependent effects.

Abstract: According to an example, a polarization control system is to manipulate polarization manipulators to output light that achieves a trajectory on a Poincaré sphere that tracks a known trajectory of a polarizer on the Poincaré sphere, in which the trajectory of the output light enables definition of a reference polarization state of the output light. The polarization control system may also manipulate an output polarization manipulator to set the output light to a predefined polarization state based upon the reference polarization state.

Abstract: A test instrument tests an optical component of a fiber optic network. The test instrument determines signal parameters describing pulses to be emitted by lasers of the test instrument to test the optical component, and directly modulates the lasers to repeatedly emit the pulses at different wavelengths on a single fiber optic cable in a time division multiplexing manner. The test instrument triggers powering measurements to coincide with the emitted pulses, and determines performance parameters of the optical component based on the triggered power measurements.

Abstract: A test instrument is operable to test optical components of a fiber optic network. The test instrument includes a laser having a back-facet monitor. The test instrument measures a performance parameter of an optical component being tested based on optical power of the laser measured by the back-facet monitor. The performance parameter is determined based on optical power measurements that account for drift of the laser.

Abstract: A fiber-optic interconnection stabilization apparatus for a measurement system is provided. The apparatus may comprise a main body comprising an enclosure and two openings. The enclosure may encase a fiber-optic cable within the main body in an organized manner. The two openings may fit connecting ends of the fiber-optic cable such that the connecting ends of may be exposed in order to connect two modular components of a measurement system and form a closed measurement loop. The main body, when in a closed configuration, may stabilizes the fiber-optic cable encased within from external conditions, such as mechanical, thermal, or other environmental conditions that may affect measurements.

Abstract: According to an example, a polarization control system is to manipulate polarization manipulators to output light that achieves a trajectory on a Poincaré sphere that tracks a known trajectory of a polarizer on the Poincaré sphere, in which the trajectory of the output light enables definition of a reference polarization state of the output light. The polarization control system may also manipulate an output polarization manipulator to set the output light to a predefined polarization state based upon the reference polarization state.

Abstract: The invention provides an optical device including a polarization diversity unit for receiving an input optical signal and producing two beams of light having a same polarization state therefrom, a beam swapping element disposed for receiving the first and second beams of light and for redirecting the two beams of light to a same overlapping area of a modulator, and a reflective surface for reflecting the two beams of light back to the polarization diversity unit where they are combined to form an output optical signal. The beam swapping element is designed and positioned such that the first and second beams of light swap positions upon reflection from the reflective surface and trace out the other's optical path. Advantageously, this optical arrangement essentially eliminates all PDL and PMD.