Abstract: An apparatus and method for authoring multimedia documents are provided. The apparatus includes a template document floating field detector for detecting a floating field of a template document, which is an incomplete multimedia document having a fixed field and the floating field, by parsing a control document including information identifying the floating field and a list of selectable objects; a control document provider for rendering and outputting the control document; a user selection information receiving unit for receiving information selected by a user with respect to the control document output from the control document provider; and a multimedia document finisher for completing the template document as a multimedia document by fixing the detected floating field to be an object designated by the information selected by the user among the list of selectable objects, when the information selected by the user is received.

Abstract: Provided is an apparatus and method of displaying power line communication channel information. The apparatus for displaying power line communication (PLC) channel information includes a channel information determining unit which performs PLC channel estimation and determines channel information including a bandwidth which is available for a user in a power line communication network; and a channel information displaying unit which displays the channel information to the user. Since channel information is determined through channel estimation and displayed to a user, it is possible to easily check whether a channel can be used before installing a power line communication (PLC) device. In an application, information on kinds of a service which can be selected by the user or expected quality of the service can be previously checked.

Abstract: Provided is an apparatus for adjusting the phase difference between different phases in a power line communication (PLC) system. The apparatus includes a power signal blocking unit blocking a power signal and allowing a data signal to pass between two different phases on three-phase power lines; and a data signal delaying unit delaying the data signal by the phase difference between the two different phases. Accordingly, it is possible to prevent data collision and a time delay in data transmission between different phases by employing the phase adjusting apparatus in a PLC system, thereby improving the performance of PLC.

Abstract: A power line communication (PLC) method includes determining whether a destination communication apparatus to receive a data packet can directly communicate without using a repeater, transmitting the data packet to the destination communication apparatus when the destination communication apparatus can directly communicate without using the repeater, and transmitting the data packet to the repeater when the destination communication apparatus cannot directly communicate without using the repeater, and a power line communication (PLC) apparatus to perform the method.

Abstract: An optical fibre device based on the Raman effect comprises a first optical source to provide light at a first wavelength, and a holey optical fibre which receives the light from the first optical source such that optical gain or loss is provided at a second wavelength by the effect of Raman scattering within the fibre. For optical gain, the second wavelength is longer than the first wavelength, and the device can be operated as an amplifier, or as a laser if optical feedback is provided. For optical loss, the second wavelength is shorter than the first, and the device may be used as an optical modulator. The fibre may be fabricated from pure silica, although other undoped or doped materials may alternatively be used to tailor properties of the fibre such as gain spectrum, bandwidth, power handling capability and mode propagation.

Abstract: Provided are a method of providing media contents in a wired/wireless network environment and an apparatus using the same. The method includes: detecting a start point of media contents included in multimedia contents from the multimedia contents; and extracting a part of media contents based on the detected start point. Thus, the part of media contents can be provided to a digital media client in real time transcoding in which it is difficult to calculate the far end point of media contents.

Abstract: A method of providing media contents in a wired/wireless network environment and an apparatus using the same. The method includes: calculating the length of multimedia contents; calculating a length of information included in the multimedia contents; and calculating the length of the media contents included in the multimedia contents from the length of the multimedia contents and the length of the information. In a real time transcoding incapable of calculating a far end of media contents, a length of the media contents can be provided to a digital media client.

Abstract: Apparatus for providing timing jitter tolerant optical modulation of a first signal by a second signal, the first signal having a first wavelength, the second signal including a plurality of second signal pulses having a second pulse shape and a second wavelength. The apparatus includes a first signal input port, a second signal input port, a coupler, a grating and a non-linear optical device. The apparatus is configured to direct the second signal at the second signal input port to the non-linear optical device via the coupler and the grating, and to direct the first signal at the first signal input port to the non-linear optical device. The grating is a superstructured fibre Bragg grating that converts the second signal pulses into intermediary pulses each having an intermediary pulse shape. The intermediary pulse shape is such that it provides a switching window within the non-linear optical device.

Abstract: A live content switching method, a source device, and a sink device are provided. The method includes switching from first content to second content by using a dummy connection, the second content using the same resource of the source device as the first content. Accordingly, by using dummy connections set between a source device and a sink device, it is possible to switch the sink device from one live content to another live content without the need to cut off existing connections set between the source device and the sink device.

Abstract: A live content management method, a source device, and a sink device are provided. The live content management method includes storing live content in a storage unit of a source device if the transmission of the live content from the source device to a sink device is temporarily stopped. The live content management method may also include transmitting the live content stored in the storage unit of the source device to the sink device and then transmitting live content currently being broadcasted to the sink device via the storage unit of the source device, when receiving a request for resuming the transmission of the live content stored in the storage unit of the source device before a time-out for a command to stop the transmission of the live content stored in the storage unit of the source device.

Abstract: A device and method of controlling content transmission, and a device and method of providing content. The method of controlling content over a network includes generating a control command using a stateless protocol so that an AV content providing device controls transmission of an AV content using a connectionless protocol and transmitting the generated control command to the AV content providing device. Accordingly, when AV content is transmitted through RTP over a network, the content is controlled by a stateless protocol such as HTTP instead of a state protocol such as RTSP. Thus, RTP is easily supported by an effective content control method.

Abstract: Disclosed are a Raman or erbium-doped fiber laser using a few-mode fiber grating, and a long-distance remote sensor using the same that can simultaneously measure temperature and strain by separating temperature and strain components using Raman amplification or erbium amplification. When a multi-wavelength Raman or erbium-doped laser is configured by means of a short-period fiber grating serving as a few-mode fiber grating at one side of a resonator and a chirped fiber Bragg grating or tunable chirped fiber Bragg grating at the other side of the resonator, multi-wavelength laser signals are generated in different modes. Because wavelength shift and reflectivity vary with a change in temperature and strain, temperature and strain components can be simultaneously measured. Because an optical fiber of several tens of kilometers is used, it can be utilized as a sensing probe of the long-distance remote sensor.

Abstract: Provided are a channel time allocation method and apparatus adopting the same. The channel time allocation method includes: (a) receiving a request of registering in a network from a device; (b) determining whether the network supplying a service required by the device exists; and (c) if the network supplying the requested service exists, performing a procedure of registering in the network, and if the network supplying the requested service does not exist, generating a new network. Since existing MAC protocols can be used in the channel time allocation method, an optimum service is provided in a network environment in which different kinds of services coexist.

Abstract: A method of compressing XML data and a method of decompressing compressed XML data are provided. The method of compressing XML data includes authoring a symbol table in which each symbol that constitutes schema information representing the structure of an XML document corresponds to a compression symbol using a predetermined statistical algorithm, and replacing symbols that constitute schema information among symbols that constitute an XML document to be compressed, with corresponding compression symbols using the symbol table.

Abstract: Apparatus for providing timing jitter tolerant optical modulation of a first signal by a second signal, the first signal having a first wavelength, the second signal including a plurality of second signal pulses having a second pulse shape and a second wavelength. The apparatus includes a first signal input port, a second signal input port, a coupler, a grating and a non-linear optical device. The apparatus is configured to direct the second signal at the second signal input port to the non-linear optical device via the coupler and the grating, and to direct the first signal at the first signal input port to the non-linear optical device. The grating is a superstructured fibre Bragg grating that converts the second signal pulses into intermediary pulses each having an intermediary pulse shape. The intermediary pulse shape is such that it provides a switching window within the non-linear optical device.

Abstract: Provided are a method of creating multimedia content using a Synchronized Multimedia Integration Language (SMIL) and multimedia content created by the method. The multimedia content includes a first element and a second element. The first element has an attribute that initializes variables. The second element has an attribute that implements a memory function by expressing operations on the variables.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for authoring multimedia documents are provided. The apparatus includes a template document floating field detector for detecting a floating field of a template document, which is an incomplete multimedia document having a fixed field and the floating field, by parsing a control document including information identifying the floating field and a list of selectable objects; a control document provider for rendering and outputting the control document; a user selection information receiving unit for receiving information selected by a user with respect to the control document output from the control document provider; and a multimedia document finisher for completing the template document as a multimedia document by fixing the detected floating field to be an object designated by the information selected by the user among the list of selectable objects, when the information selected by the user is received.

Abstract: An optical transmission system comprising transmitter, link and receiver. At the receiver a decoder is connected to receive the encoded optical signal from the link and decode it according to a decoding signature carried by the decoder that is complementary to the encoding signature at the transmitter coder. The signal is thus decoded to produce a decoded optical signal having a broadened autocorrelation peak and an unwanted background pedestal component. After amplification (EDFA3) the decoded signal is supplied through a non-linear optical element in the form of a non-linear optical loop mirror (NOLM). The NOLM enhances the autocorrelation peak intensity relative to the pedestal and compresses its pulse width, to return the pulse width to the same or narrower than prior to coding at the transmitter.

Abstract: A multi-stage optical amplifier for use in the transmission of optical signals over fiber when using Wavelength Division Multiplexing. Wavelength Division Multiplexing is particularly sensitive to differences in gain between channels and these differences become critical when cascaded fiber amplifiers are used to boost the signal over long distances. The present amplifier flattens the differences in gain and reduces noise figure by using multi-stage equalizing filters along the length of the transmission fiber.

Abstract: A hybrid optical transmission system comprising an optical transmitter and receiver. The transmitter includes an input for receiving an encoding signal and an encoder arranged to encode an optical signal with any one of a plurality of encoding signatures according to the encoding signal. The optical receiver comprises a grating decoder connected to receive the encoded optical signal from the input, the grating decoder incorporating a decoding signature complementary to a matched one of the encoding signatures so as to decode the encoded optical signal when encoded with the matched one of the encoding signatures. A hybrid system is thus provided that uses (passive) grating decoders at the receiver in combination with active drive-signal-based encoders at the transmitter. In this way, flexibility can be retained for the transmitter hardware, whereas the advantages of grating decoders can be exploited at the receivers.