Abstract: A surgical access device, such as a trocar, for use in providing access to a patient in a surgical setting is disclosed. The surgical access device includes an irradiation component to inactivate and sterilize gas that accidentally escapes a pneumoperitoneum, or ambient gas from outside the patient that may become entrained into the pneumoperitoneum. The surgical access device may include a central lumen that is gasketless or implements a gasket. The irradiation source may include an ultraviolet radiation source on or in the body of the surgical access device, and may be part of a discrete, removable attachment to a main part of the surgical access device body.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a back contact solar cell. The back contact solar cell includes a semiconductor substrate having a front surface and a rear surface; a first conductive type semiconductor region having a first conductive type and a second conductive type semiconductor region having a second conductive type at an interval on the rear surface of the semiconductor substrate. Furthermore, the rear surface of the semiconductor substrate has a texturing structure at the interval between the first conductive type semiconductor region and the second conductive type semiconductor region.

Abstract: Disclosed is an event service providing system using a digital twin of a real space and a virtual space, and more particularly, an event service providing system using a digital twin of a real space and a virtual space capable of securing evenness and fairness between participants competing in the offline and online stores by adjusting the difficulty according to the progress of the event held at each offline store and online store as well as securing the reliability and integrity of the determination of winners winning a prize in a process of conducting the same fusion lottery event between offline and online stores after generating an online store which is a virtual space equal to a real space using a digital twin with respect to an offline store which is a real space.