Abstract: An ad hoc radio base station obtains information regarding existing 5G NR SA cells; for each existing cell, performs an analysis by detecting a frequency of a synchronization signal block, of the existing cell from the information, decoding a radio frequency, bandwidth of the existing cell from the information, and measuring a reference signal received power of the existing 5G NR SA cell. The station also sets up an ad hoc 5G NR SA cell based on the analysis.

Abstract: Taking control of a subscriber terminal. An apparatus comprises a processor configured to cause the apparatus: to control a first stand-alone base station utilizing a first radio access technology RAT to form an emulated first RAT cell and to set parameters of the emulated first RAT cell such that the emulated first RAT cell becomes a tempting destination for a cell reselection by a subscriber terminal utilizing the first RAT; to control a second stand-alone base station such that a formed emulated second RAT cell becomes a preferred destination for a cell reselection; to control the first stand-alone base station so that the ongoing radio connection with the serving cell base station utilizing the first RAT is transferred to continue with the first stand-alone base station utilizing the first RAT; and to control the first stand-alone base station to perform inter RAT cell reselection with the subscriber terminal.

Abstract: Taking control of a subscriber terminal is disclosed. An apparatus comprises a processor configured to cause the apparatus: to control a stand-alone base station so that an emulated cell of a cellular radio system is formed by transmitting a control channel with information of a real cell and with such transmission power that a subscriber terminal having an ongoing connection with a serving cell base station is caused to measure reception of the stand-alone base station as being better than reception of the serving cell base station; and to control the stand-alone base station to perform cell reselection with the subscriber terminal so that the ongoing radio connection with the serving cell base station is transferred to continue with the stand-alone base station.

Abstract: A method receives signaling messages by a mobile apparatus at least from one base station of a cellular network, interprets a received signaling message, searches for an anomaly with at least one signaling parameter of the received signaling message from a first base station to a known comparison signaling parameter, gives an alert if the comparison gives an unequal result concerning at least one signaling parameter.

Abstract: Taking control of a subscriber terminal. An apparatus comprises a processor configured to cause the apparatus: to control a first stand-alone base station utilizing a first radio access technology RAT to form an emulated first RAT cell and to set parameters of the emulated first RAT cell such that the emulated first RAT cell becomes a tempting destination for a cell reselection by a subscriber terminal utilizing the first RAT; to control a second stand-alone base station such that a formed emulated second RAT cell becomes a preferred destination for a cell reselection; to control the first stand-alone base station so that the ongoing radio connection with the serving cell base station utilizing the first RAT is transferred to continue with the first stand-alone base station utilizing the first RAT; and to control the first stand-alone base station to perform inter RAT cell reselection with the subscriber terminal.

Abstract: There is provided a measuring system comprising: a measuring device configured to measure parameters of a serving cell required for camping into the neighbor cells of the serving cell, to camp into the neighbor cells in order to store reception quality and neighbor cell lists from the neighbor cells; and a base station configured to set parameters of the formed virtual cell such that the virtual cell becomes a tempting destination for a cell reselection, to interfere the serving cell in order to cause the one or more user terminals to camp into the virtual cell, and to catch one or more identifiers of the one or more user terminals camping into the virtual cell after the start of virtual cell transmission.

Abstract: Taking control of a subscriber terminal is disclosed. An apparatus comprises a processor configured to cause the apparatus: to control a stand-alone base station so that an emulated cell of a cellular radio system is formed by transmitting a control channel with information of a real cell and with such transmission power that a subscriber terminal having an ongoing connection with a serving cell base station is caused to measure reception of the stand-alone base station as being better than reception of the serving cell base station; and to control the stand-alone base station to perform cell reselection with the subscriber terminal so that the ongoing radio connection with the serving cell base station is transferred to continue with the stand-alone base station.

Abstract: There is provided a measuring system comprising: a measuring device configured to measure parameters of a serving cell required for camping into the neighbor cells of the serving cell, to camp into the neighbor cells in order to store reception quality and neighbor cell lists from the neighbor cells; and a base station configured to set parameters of the formed virtual cell such that the virtual cell becomes a tempting destination for a cell reselection, to interfere the serving cell in order to cause the one or more user terminals to camp into the virtual cell, and to catch one or more identifiers of the one or more user terminals camping into the virtual cell after the start of virtual cell transmission.

Abstract: A method receives signaling messages by a mobile apparatus at least from one base station of a cellular network, interprets a received signaling message, searches for an anomaly with at least one signaling parameter of the received signaling message from a first base station to a known comparison signaling parameter, gives an alert if the comparison gives an unequal result concerning at least one signaling parameter.