Abstract: The present disclosure provides a memory device, a semiconductor device, and a method of operating a memory device. A memory device includes a memory cell, a bit line, a word line, a select transistor, a fuse element, and a heater. The bit line is connected to the memory cell. The word line is connected to the memory cell. The select transistor is disposed in the memory cell. A gate of the select transistor is connected to the word line. The fuse element is disposed in the memory cell. The fuse element is connected to the bit line and the select transistor. The heater is configured to heat the fuse element.

Abstract: An energy dispatch system, apparatus, and method are disclosed. The energy dispatch system includes a server and multiple site controllers respectively corresponding to multiple users. Each user corresponds to an energy storage device, and each energy storage device has a stage of charge. The server determines a scheduled power consumption target of each scheduling period for each user according to a total support power, multiple power consumption references of the users, and the stages of charge. The server transmits each scheduled power consumption target corresponding to a first scheduling period of the scheduling periods to the corresponding site controller.

Abstract: An operating method for a Battery Energy Storage System (BESS) is provided. The BESS includes a processor and a plurality of energy storage units coupled in parallel, wherein each energy storage unit includes a Power Conservation System (PCS) and a battery module. The operating method includes performing following steps by the processor: obtaining a dedicated operation power of the BESS; calculating a remaining operation period of each energy storage unit according to a maximum operation power of each PCS and a remaining power quantity of each battery module; determining an operational order corresponding to the plurality of energy storage units according to the remaining operation period of the plurality of energy storage units and the dedicated operation power of the BESS; and controlling an operation of each energy storage unit according to the operational order.

Abstract: An energy dispatch system, apparatus, and method are disclosed. The energy dispatch system includes a server and multiple site controllers respectively corresponding to multiple users. Each user corresponds to an energy storage device, and each energy storage device has a stage of charge. The server determines a scheduled power consumption target of each scheduling period for each user according to a total support power, multiple power consumption references of the users, and the stages of charge. The server transmits each scheduled power consumption target corresponding to a first scheduling period of the scheduling periods to the corresponding site controller.

Abstract: A charge and discharge control apparatus and method are provided. The charge and discharge control apparatus determines a plurality of adjustment time intervals of a predicted load curve of an electric loop, wherein each adjustment time interval individually corresponds to an adjustment objective. The charge and discharge control apparatus determines a plurality of candidate threshold sets according to the adjustment objectives and a charge and discharge requirement of an energy storage system, wherein each candidate threshold set corresponds to at least one candidate electricity adjustment scheme. The charge and discharge control apparatus determines an objective electricity adjustment scheme from the at least one candidate electricity adjustment scheme so that the energy storage system adjusts the electricity consumption of the electric loop according to the objective electricity adjustment scheme in each adjustment time interval.

Abstract: A charge and discharge control apparatus and method are provided. The charge and discharge control apparatus decides multiple discharge time intervals and multiple discharge power values for an energy storage according to a predicted load curve and a peak shaving threshold and decides multiple charge time intervals and multiple charge power values for the energy storage according to the predicted load curve and a customer base line. The peak shaving threshold is between a contracted capacity and a peak value of the predicted load curve. A difference between the peak value and the peak shaving threshold is not greater than a maximum discharge power of the energy storage. The customer base line is between the contracted capacity and a valley value of the predicted load curve. A difference between the customer base line and the valley value is not greater than a maximum charge power of the energy storage.

Abstract: A charge and discharge control apparatus and method are provided. The charge and discharge control apparatus decides multiple discharge time intervals and multiple discharge power values for an energy storage according to a predicted load curve and a peak shaving threshold and decides multiple charge time intervals and multiple charge power values for the energy storage according to the predicted load curve and a customer base line. The peak shaving threshold is between a contracted capacity and a peak value of the predicted load curve. A difference between the peak value and the peak shaving threshold is not greater than a maximum discharge power of the energy storage. The customer base line is between the contracted capacity and a valley value of the predicted load curve. A difference between the customer base line and the valley value is not greater than a maximum charge power of the energy storage.

Abstract: The charge and discharge control apparatus divides a stored electricity amount of a storage battery into a backup electricity amount and a plurality of predetermined discharge amount corresponding to a plurality of dispatching time points. Each of the dispatching time points corresponds to a dispatching period and a predetermined discharge power. The charge and discharge control apparatus receives a load parameter of an electric loop at each dispatching time point. Each load parameter carries a load power of the electric loop. The charge and discharge control apparatus performs the following operations at each dispatching time point: (i) deciding a real discharge power that the storage battery provides to the electric loop according to a dispatching threshold and the load power corresponding to the dispatching time point and (ii) updating the backup electricity amount according to the real discharge power and the predetermined discharge amount.

Abstract: The charge and discharge control apparatus divides a stored electricity amount of a storage battery into a backup electricity amount and a plurality of predetermined discharge amount corresponding to a plurality of dispatching time points. Each of the dispatching time points corresponds to a dispatching period and a predetermined discharge power. The charge and discharge control apparatus receives a load parameter of an electric loop at each dispatching time point. Each load parameter carries a load power of the electric loop. The charge and discharge control apparatus performs the following operations at each dispatching time point: (i) deciding a real discharge power that the storage battery provides to the electric loop according to a dispatching threshold and the load power corresponding to the dispatching time point and (ii) updating the backup electricity amount according to the real discharge power and the predetermined discharge amount.

Abstract: A power consumption measurement and control apparatus, method, and non-transitory computer readable storage medium thereof are provided. The power consumption measurement and control apparatus includes a power input line, a power output line, a sensing interface, a processing unit, a button, and a power consumption measurement and control unit. The power consumption measurement and control unit has a logic switch. When the logic switch is off and the processing unit receives an identification signal from the sensing interface, the logic switch is turned on. When the logic switch is on and one of the following conditions happens, the logic switch is turned off: (a) another identification signal from the sensing interface is received, and (b) the power consumption amount flowing out the power output line is below a predetermined threshold over a predetermined time interval.

Abstract: An advanced metering infrastructure (AMI) server, an AMI network node, an AMI network system and a message broadcasting method thereof are provided. The AMI server generates a broadcasting key from a broadcasting message through a hash function, encrypts the broadcasting message into an encrypted broadcasting message via the broadcasting key, encrypts the broadcasting key into an encrypted key via a symmetric key, and transmits the encrypted broadcasting message and the encrypted key to the AMI network node. The AMI network node decrypts the encrypted key into the broadcasting key via the symmetric key, decrypts the encrypted broadcasting message into the broadcasting message via the broadcasting key, and processes the broadcasting message after determining that the broadcasting message corresponds to the broadcasting key through the hash function.

Abstract: A major management apparatus, an authorized management apparatus, an electronic apparatus for delegation management, and delegation management methods thereof are provided. The major management apparatus generates a first and a second delegation deployment messages and respectively transmits them to the authorized management apparatus and the electronic apparatus. The authorized management apparatus encrypts an original authorized operation message into an authorized operation message by an authorization key included in the first delegation deployment message and transmits the authorized operation message to the electronic apparatus. The original authorized operation message includes an operation task message and a right level. The electronic apparatus decrypts the authorized operation message into the original authorized operation message by the authorization key included in the second delegation deployment message and performs an operation according to the operation task message and the right level.

Abstract: A major management apparatus, an authorized management apparatus, an electronic apparatus for delegation management, and delegation management methods thereof are provided. The major management apparatus generates a first and a second delegation deployment messages and respectively transmits them to the authorized management apparatus and the electronic apparatus. The authorized management apparatus encrypts an original authorized operation message into an authorized operation message by an authorization key included in the first delegation deployment message and transmits the authorized operation message to the electronic apparatus. The original authorized operation message includes an operation task message and a right level. The electronic apparatus decrypts the authorized operation message into the original authorized operation message by the authorization key included in the second delegation deployment message and performs an operation according to the operation task message and the right level.

Abstract: An encryption method and decryption method are provided. The encryption method divides an electronic file into a plurality of message blocks, wherein the message blocks have a sequence. The encryption method sets a checking vector as the last message block. The encryption method performs the following steps on each message block according to the sequence: generating an input block, deriving an output block by encrypting the input block by an encryption key, and deriving an encrypted block by applying XOR operation to the output block and the previous message block, wherein the input block is equivalent to applying XOR operation to the message block, the output block corresponding to the previous message block, and the message block before the previous one. The encryption method generates an electronic encrypted file by concatenating the encrypted blocks. The decryption method performs a series of operations corresponding to the above operations.

Abstract: A major management apparatus, an authorized management apparatus, an electronic apparatus for delegation management, and delegation management methods thereof are provided. The major management apparatus generates a first and a second delegation deployment messages and respectively transmits them to the authorized management apparatus and the electronic apparatus. The authorized management apparatus encrypts an original authorized operation message into an authorized operation message by an authorization key included in the first delegation deployment message and transmits the authorized operation message to the electronic apparatus. The original authorized operation message includes an operation task message and a right level. The electronic apparatus decrypts the authorized operation message into the original authorized operation message by the authorization key included in the second delegation deployment message and performs an operation according to the operation task message and the right level.

Abstract: A power consumption measurement and control apparatus, method, and non-transitory computer readable storage medium thereof are provided. The power consumption measurement and control apparatus includes a power input line, a power output line, a sensing interface, a processing unit, a button, and a power consumption measurement and control unit. The power consumption measurement and control unit has a logic switch. When the logic switch is off and the processing unit receives an identification signal from the sensing interface, the logic switch is turned on. When the logic switch is on and one of the following conditions happens, the logic switch is turned off: (a) another identification signal from the sensing interface is received, and (b) the power consumption amount flowing out the power output line is below a predetermined threshold over a predetermined time interval.

Abstract: An encryption method and decryption method are provided. The encryption method divides an electronic file into a plurality of message blocks, wherein the message blocks have a sequence. The encryption method sets a checking vector as the last message block. The encryption method performs the following steps on each message block according to the sequence: generating an input block, deriving an output block by encrypting the input block by an encryption key, and deriving an encrypted block by applying XOR operation to the output block and the previous message block, wherein the input block is equivalent to applying XOR operation to the message block, the output block corresponding to the previous message block, and the message block before the previous one. The encryption method generates an electronic encrypted file by concatenating the encrypted blocks. The decryption method performs a series of operations corresponding to the above operations.

Abstract: A major management apparatus, an authorized management apparatus, an electronic apparatus for delegation management, and delegation management methods thereof are provided. The major management apparatus generates a first and a second delegation deployment messages and respectively transmits them to the authorized management apparatus and the electronic apparatus. The authorized management apparatus encrypts an original authorized operation message into an authorized operation message by an authorization key included in the first delegation deployment message and transmits the authorized operation message to the electronic apparatus. The original authorized operation message includes an operation task message and a right level. The electronic apparatus decrypts the authorized operation message into the original authorized operation message by the authorization key included in the second delegation deployment message and performs an operation according to the operation task message and the right level.

Abstract: A major management apparatus, an authorized management apparatus, an electronic apparatus for delegation management, and delegation management methods thereof are provided. The major management apparatus generates a first and a second delegation deployment messages and respectively transmits them to the authorized management apparatus and the electronic apparatus. The authorized management apparatus encrypts an original authorized operation message into an authorized operation message by an authorization key included in the first delegation deployment message and transmits the authorized operation message to the electronic apparatus. The original authorized operation message includes an operation task message and a right level. The electronic apparatus decrypts the authorized operation message into the original authorized operation message by the authorization key included in the second delegation deployment message and performs an operation according to the operation task message and the right level.

Abstract: A major management apparatus, an authorized management apparatus, an electronic apparatus for delegated key management and key management methods thereof are provided. The major management apparatus generates a first delegation deployment message and a second delegation deployment message, which are transmitted to the authorized management apparatus and the electronic apparatus, respectively. The authorized management apparatus encrypts an original key management message into a key management message by an authorization key included in the first delegation deployment message. The original key management message includes an operation code and a key identity. The electronic apparatus decrypts the key management message into the original key management message by the authorization key included in the second delegation deployment message. The electronic apparatus selects an application key according to the key identity and operates the application key based on the operation code.