Abstract: An aspect of the disclosure relates to a dialysate regenerator for connecting to a dialysis apparatus, the dialysate regenerator including a regenerator inlet for receiving dialysate; a regenerator outlet for dispensing regenerated dialysate; a hydraulic circuit connected between the regenerator inlet and the regenerator outlet, and further including a fluid portioning system to divide a dialysate flow into uniform portions for sequential regeneration An aspect of the disclosure relates to a dialysis system including a dialysis apparatus including: a fresh dialysate input; a spent dialysate output; and the dialysate regenerator, wherein the regenerator inlet may be coupled to the spent dialysate output for receiving spent dialysate, and wherein the regenerator outlet may be coupled to the fresh dialysate input for dispensing regenerated dialysate.

Abstract: A sensing system for detecting a substance in a dialysate. The system includes a hydrophobic barrier capable of allowing the substance in the dialysate to equilibrate through the barrier to a gas. The system also includes a detector capable of detecting the gas and an interface disposed between the hydrophobic barrier and the detector and configured to allow transport of the gas between the hydrophobic barrier and the detector following a concentration gradient of the gas along the interface.

Abstract: A sensing system for detecting a substance in a dialysate. The system includes a hydrophobic barrier capable of allowing the substance in the dialysate to equilibrate through the barrier to a gas. The system also includes a detector capable of detecting the gas and an interface disposed between the hydrophobic barrier and the detector and configured to allow transport of the gas between the hydrophobic barrier and the detector following a concentration gradient of the gas along the interface.

Abstract: A sensing system for detecting a substance in a dialysate. The system includes a hydrophobic barrier capable of allowing the substance in the dialysate to equilibrate to a gas; a detector capable of detecting the gas; an interface disposed between the hydrophobic barrier and the detector and configured to allow fluid communication of the gas; and one or more delivery mechanisms capable of transporting the gas from the hydrophobic barrier to the detector. A method of detecting ammonium gas in a dialysate is also provided.

Abstract: A sensing system for detecting a substance in a dialysate. The system includes a hydrophobic barrier capable of allowing the substance in the dialysate to equilibrate to a gas; a detector capable of detecting the gas; an interface disposed between the hydrophobic barrier and the detector and configured to allow fluid communication of the gas; and one or more delivery mechanisms capable of transporting the gas from the hydrophobic barrier to the detector. A method of detecting ammonium gas in a dialysate is also provided.