Abstract: A dielectric filter exhibiting excellent filter characteristics in which the manufacturing cost is reduced by forming coupling loops for dielectric resonators generally in the same shape. First through fourth TM double-mode dielectric resonators are aligned in a row with their openings facing in the same direction. First and second metallic panels are screwed to the resonators to cover their openings. An input loop and an output loop are mounted on the first panel in such a manner that they obliquely face the intersecting areas of the respective dielectric members of the first and fourth dielectric resonators, respectively. Also attached to the first panel are generally "V"-shaped coupling loops. Also disclosed is a dielectric duplexer constructed of a plurality of such dielectric filters.

Abstract: A curable resin composition containing (a) an oxyalkylene polymer which comprises at least one silicon-containing group having at least one hydroxyl or hydrolyzable group bonded to a silicon atom, (b) an epoxy resin, (c) a ketimine compound and (d) a carbonyl compound, which has improved storage stability.

Abstract: A dielectric resonator includes a cylindrical hole formed in the intersection of two resonator elements forming a TM dual-mode dielectric resonator element. The hole extends in a direction across the thickness of the TM dual-mode dielectric resonator element. Furthermore, a quadrangular pyramid-shaped hole having a closed end is formed in each connecting part between each resonator element and a cavity wall so manner that each hole extends from the outer surface of the cavity wall toward the inner portion of each resonator element, wherein the inner wall of each hole is covered with a conductor electrically connected to a cavity conductor. The shapes of the above holes are determined so that the TM dual-mode dielectric resonator element has the same resonance frequency for both TM 110 and TM 111-modes.

Abstract: A dielectric resonator apparatus includes a plurality of TM double-mode dielectric resonators. Each dielectric resonator has a dielectric rod-complex, a casing provided with electrically conductive film at the outside surfaces, and metal panels covering the upper and lower openings of the casing. In adjacent TM double-mode dielectric resonators, at portions of the planes of the two casings opposing each other, apertures are provided in the direction of the magnetic field generated by two dielectric rods which have the same axial direction. A coupling member is also provided so as to form an electrically conductive loop which goes across the magnetic field.

Abstract: In a network system, a loop-shaped transmission path is constituted by multiplexing a plurality of loop-shaped transmission channels. A plurality of nodes are connected to the loop-shaped transmission path. Each of the plurality of nodes can access at least two channels of the plurality of channels multiplexed in the loop-shaped transmission path. Each of plurality of nodes has a loop-shaped transmission route which is formed via a plurality of channels and which does not exceed one round of the loop-shaped transmission path.

Abstract: A solid-state image pickup apparatus for generating image pickup signals produced by a solid-state image sensor. The image sensor is driven at a data rate of f.sub.s1 with a predetermined phase. Digital luminance signal Y and two digital chrominance signals C.sub.R, C.sub.B are generated by a first digital processing unit, operated at a clock rate related to the data rate of f.sub.s1, from the digitized image pickup signals. These signals are then converted by a second digital processing unit into signals Y, C.sub.R and C.sub.B having a data rate related to f.sub.s2. The second digital processing unit performs bandwidth limitations on these signals by a half band filter having a passband f.sub.s2, f.sub.s2 /2 and f.sub.s2 /2 and performs data rate conversion of from 2f.sub.s1 to f.sub.s2, from f.sub.s1 to f.sub.s2 /2 or f.sub.s2 /4 and from f.sub.s1 to f.sub.s2 /2 or f.sub.

Abstract: A method of detecting a relative positional deviation of a first object having a first grating mark with an optical power and a second object having a second grating mark with an optical power, is disclosed, wherein a projected radiation beam is diffracted by the first and second grating marks in sequence and, on the basis of a position of convergence on a light receiving surface of plural diffraction beams produced by the diffraction through the first and second grating marks and including a signal beam having been diffracted at a predetermined order by each of the first and second grating marks, the relative positional deviation is determined, a detection zone is defined on the light receiving surface, the signal beam is converged upon the detection zone, and a predetermined diffraction beam of the plural diffraction beams which, for a relative positional deviation of the first and second objects, shows displacement different from that of the signal beam is substantially prevented from being converged upon

Abstract: A filter apparatus in accordance with the present invention comprises, for example, a band-pass filter and a plurality of band-stop filters connected as the post-stage to the band-pass filter. The band-pass filter transmits a band containing a desired frequency band, and the band-stop filters attenuate undesirable frequency bands. Another filter apparatus in accordance with the present invention comprises, for example, a first band-pass filter, a circulator connected to the first band-pass filter, and second band-pass filters connected to the circulator. The first band-pass filter transmits a band containing a desired frequency band to the circulator, and the second band-pass filters transmit undesirable frequency bands and reflect the desired frequency band back to the circulator. The desired frequency band is outputted from this circulator. Still another filter apparatus in accordance with the present invention comprises, for example, a circulator and a band-pass filter connected to the circulator.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of detecting relative positional deviation of a first object with a first grating pattern having an optical power and a second object with a second grating mark having an optical power. Light diffracted by both the first and second grating marks forms a light pattern on a predetermined plane; wherein different diffraction beams of the light diffracted by both the first and second grating marks are displaceable along the predetermined plane in accordance with the relative positional deviation of the first and second objects, in the same direction and by substantially the same quantity; and the relative positional deviation of the first and second objects is detected on the basis of the position of the light pattern on the predetermined plane.

Abstract: A registration correction circuit for a solid-state camera having a plurality of solid-state image pickup elements. One of the color video signals produced from the image pickup elements is selected as a reference signal, and pixel data of the color video signals other than the reference signal are electronically moved so that the pixel data of all the color video signals will agree in their positions. Movement of pixels is carried out by using coordinate transformation and interpolation technique: the coordinate transformation is used to shift the pixels by a multiple of 1-pixel pitch; and the interpolation is used to shift the pixels by less than 1-pixel pitch. The spatial frequency components reduced by the interpolation calculations are adaptively enhanced for each pixel in real time.

Abstract: A device for detecting a positional relationship between opposed first and second objects, with respect to a first direction perpendicular to the opposing direction.

Abstract: A filter apparatus in accordance with the present invention comprises, for example, a band-pass filter and a plurality of band-stop filters connected as the post-stage to the band-pass filter. The band-pass filter transmits a band containing a desired frequency band, and the band-stop filters attenuate undesirable frequency bands. Another filter apparatus in accordance with the present invention comprises, for example, a first band-pass filter, a circulator connected to the first band-pass filter, and second band-pass filters connected to the circulator. The first band-pass filter transmits a band containing a desired frequency band to the circulator, and the second band-pass filters transmit undesirable frequency bands and reflect the desire frequency band to the circulator. The desired frequency band is outputted from this circulator. Still another filter apparatus in accordance with the present invention comprises, for example, a circulator and a band-pass filter connected to the circulator.

Abstract: A method of measuring dielectric material constants, which includes steps of forming a dielectric resonator by providing a plurality of coupling terminals for input and output of signals, on a shield case, with a dielectric sample being disposed within the shield case, constituting an oscillation circuit together with the dielectric resonator by connecting a positive feed-back circuit including an amplification circuit, between the signal output coupling means and the signal output coupling means, and measuring variation in an oscillation frequency of the oscillation circuit by heating the dielectric sample through injection of a high frequency power into the particular coupling terminal, so as to obtain a specific material constant of the dielectric sample based on the variation of the oscillation frequency, and, also a measuring device employed for effecting the measuring method.

Abstract: An error correction method and circuit for a nonlinear quantization circuit comparing a test signal which is produced from an error correction table by applying an analog reference signal into a nonlinear circuit with reference data that is defined as an output of the error correction table when the nonlinear circuit has no error, and updating the error correction table by the test signal and the reference data when they disagree. The output of the nonlinear circuit is corrected by using the error correction table. The technique is particularly suitable for nonlinear conversion performed by a gamma correction circuit of a color television camera.

Abstract: This invention relates to processes for producing an olefin-terminated polyester. In one of the processes which comprises reacting an olefin-terminated diester compound with a lactone in the presence of a polymerization catalyst with transesterification ability, the lactone is in a limited amount added to the reaction system. In another process which comprises reacting an olefin-terminated diester compound, a lactone compound, a cyclic acid anhydride and an epoxy compound in the presence of a polymerization catalyst with transesterification ability, the lactone, cyclic acid anhydride and epoxy compound are each in a limited amount added to the reaction system. In accordance with this invention, olefin-terminated polyesters having high terminal modification rates can be synthesized.

Abstract: A zoom lens comprising a plurality of lens units in which at least one of the air separations between the units is varied to effect zooming, whereby at least one of the plurality of lens units is included with at least one refractive index distribution type lens element on a common optical axis of the other elements.

Abstract: A zoom lens including at least two lens units of which the front one is of positive refractive power and the rear one is of negative refractive power, the units being axially movable to decrease their separation in zooming from the wide angle to the telephoto end. At least one of the lens units is provided with at least one refractive index distribution type lens arranged on a common optical axis of the other lenses in order to achieve a great advance in compactness.

Abstract: A spherical lens includes a spherical shell-shaped lens composed of a medium of a refractive index n.sub.1 and a sphere-shaped lens composed of a medium of a refractive index n.sub.2 smaller than n.sub.1, positioned inside the spherical shell-shaped lens to constitute a concentric sphere therewith. An imaging system includes a spherical lens, an imaging device having a light receiving surface curved along the curved image plane of the spherical lens and adapted to pick up the image formed by the spherical lens with the light receiving surface and a processor for processing image signals output from the imaging device. The imaging system may also include a bundle of light transmitting members, of which, light entrance ends are positioned along the curved image plane of the spherical lens and which are adapted to transmit an image, formed by the spherical lens, to the light exit ends thereof.

Abstract: An image-forming lens having a primary surface defined by a spherical surface and located on the side of an object when the lens is used to provide negative magnification, a secondary surface defined by a flat plane and located on the side of an image, the lens having therein a refractive index distribution exhibiting a substantially spherical symmetry with its center located in the vicinity of the highest point of the primary surface located most distantly from the secondary surface when measured perpendicularly from the secondary surface.

Abstract: A filter employing Triplate type microstripline as the base element comprises first and second dielectric substrates which are superposed with each other so as to hold a resin sheet therebetween, and are contained in a metal case. The respective dielectric substrates are provided on outer major surfaces with ground electrodes to be electrically connected with the metal case. Resonance electrodes are provided on inner major surfaces of the respective dielectric substrates to be electrically connected with relating ground electrodes through end surfaces of the dielectric substrates. The resin sheet holds metal pins passing through the same along the direction of thickness thereof, so that the respective resonance electrodes of the first and second dielectric substrates are electrically connected with each other by the metal pins.