Abstract: In a suspension controlling apparatus for a vehicle which includes a suspension whose damping force is variably settable and a control unit capable of executing skyhook control on the basis of target damping force for skyhook control to control the damping force of the suspension, the vehicle stability is raised upon skyhook control during turning of the vehicle. Target damping force limit value determination device provided in a control unit determines target damping force limit values for skyhook control such that a value obtained by subtracting, from the target damping force limit value on the decompression side when the suspension is in a decompressed state, the target damping force limit value on the compression side when the suspension is in a compressed state increases as a roll angle detected by a roll angle sensor increases. The control unit limits the target damping forces with the target damping force limit value.

Abstract: In a suspension controlling apparatus for a vehicle including a suspension whose damping force is variably settable and a control unit capable of controlling the damping force of the suspension, for appropriately obtaining a pitch behavior. When a vibration state of a vehicle in a vertical direction exceeds a given vibration state, a control unit controls damping force of suspensions on the basis of a target damping force in order to execute a skyhook control. However, when acceleration in a forward and rearward direction of the vehicle is outside a given range, a decision condition for the given vibration state is changed to a condition on the side on which the skyhook controlling damping force control of the suspensions is less likely to be started.

Abstract: A power storage device with a high capacity is provided. A power storage device with a high energy density is provided. A highly reliable power storage device is provided. A power storage device with a long lifetime is provided. A method for manufacturing an electrode is characterized by including the steps of: mixing an active material, a binder, and a conductive additive to form a slurry; applying the slurry onto a current collector; drying the applied slurry to form an active material layer; and performing heat treatment in an atmosphere containing oxygen to form a film in contact with the current collector. The film is formed on a surface of the current collector where the active material layer is not provided and includes at least one component of the current collector and oxygen.

Abstract: An electronic device having a novel structure is provided. A battery is provided in each component of an electronic device, whereby the electronic device includes two batteries. The electronic device including the two batteries and a display portion that can be called a flexible display and has a plurality of foldable portions is provided as a novel device.

Abstract: A storage battery includes positive and negative electrodes and an electrolytic solution. The negative electrode includes a first element and carbon. The first element is any of silicon, tin, gallium, aluminum, germanium, lead, antimony, bismuth, silver, zinc, cadmium, and indium. The negative electrode includes an active material and a first layer in contact with a surface of the active material. The first layer has a thickness of 10 nm to 1000 nm inclusive. The electrolytic solution contains first and second cations. The first cation is one or more of a lithium ion, a sodium ion, a calcium ion, and a magnesium ion. The second cation is an imidazolium cation or a tertiary sulfonium cation.

Abstract: A power storage device with reduced initial irreversible capacity is provided. The power storage device includes a positive electrode including a positive electrode current collector and a positive electrode active material layer, a negative electrode including a negative electrode current collector and a negative electrode active material layer, and an electrolyte solution, in the negative electrode active material layer, the content percentage of a carbon material with an R value of 1.1 or more is less than 2 wt %, The R value refers to a ratio of a peak intensity I1360 to a peak intensity I1580 (I1360/I1580). The peak intensity I1360 and the peak intensity I1580 are observed by Raman spectrometry at a Raman shift of 1360 cm?1 and a Raman shift of 1580 cm?1, respectively. The electrolyte solution contains a lithium ion and an ionic liquid composed of an organic cation and an anion.

Abstract: An electronic device having a novel structure is provided. A battery is provided in each component of an electronic device, whereby the electronic device includes two batteries. The electronic device including the two batteries and a display portion that can be called a flexible display and has a plurality of foldable portions is provided as a novel device.

Abstract: A power storage device with reduced initial irreversible capacity is provided. The power storage device includes a positive electrode including a positive electrode current collector and a positive electrode active material layer, a negative electrode including a negative electrode current collector and a negative electrode active material layer, and an electrolyte solution. In the negative electrode active material layer, the content percentage of a carbon material with an R value of 1.1 or more is less than 2 wt %. The R value refers to a ratio of a peak intensity I1360 to a peak intensity I1580 (I1360/I1580). The peak intensity I1360 and the peak intensity I1580 are observed by Raman spectrometry at a Raman shift of 1360 cm?1 and a Raman shift of 1580 cm?1, respectively. The electrolyte solution contains a lithium ion and an ionic liquid composed of an organic cation and an anion.

Abstract: A power storage device using an organic solvent as a nonaqueous solvent for a nonaqueous electrolyte, in which a CV charging period in CCCV charging can be prevented from being extended and which has high performance, can be provided. The power storage device includes a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and a nonaqueous electrolyte. The nonaqueous electrolyte includes an ionic liquid including an alicyclic quaternary ammonium cation having one or more substituents and a counter anion to the alicyclic quaternary ammonium cation, a cyclic ester, and an alkali metal salt. In particular, in the power storage device, the ionic liquid content is greater than or equal to 70 wt % and less than 100 wt % per unit weight of the ionic liquid and the cyclic ester in the nonaqueous electrolyte, or greater than or equal to 50 wt % and less than 80 wt % per unit weight of the nonaqueous electrolyte.

Abstract: In a suspension controlling apparatus for a vehicle including a suspension whose damping force is variably settable and a control unit capable of controlling the damping force of the suspension, for appropriately obtaining a pitch behavior. When a vibration state of a vehicle in a vertical direction exceeds a given vibration state, a control unit controls damping force of suspensions on the basis of a target damping force in order to execute a skyhook control. However, when acceleration in a forward and rearward direction of the vehicle is outside a given range, a decision condition for the given vibration state is changed to a condition on the side on which the skyhook controlling damping force control of the suspensions is less likely to be started.

Abstract: In a suspension controlling apparatus for a vehicle which includes a suspension whose damping force is variably settable and a control unit capable of executing skyhook control on the basis of target damping force for skyhook control to control the damping force of the suspension, the vehicle stability is raised upon skyhook control during turning of the vehicle. Target damping force limit value determination device provided in a control unit determines target damping force limit values for skyhook control such that a value obtained by subtracting, from the target damping force limit value on the decompression side when the suspension is in a decompressed state, the target damping force limit value on the compression side when the suspension is in a compressed state increases as a roll angle detected by a roll angle sensor increases. The control unit limits the target damping forces with the target damping force limit value.

Abstract: A suspension controlling apparatus for a vehicle includes a suspension whose damping force is variably settable and a control unit capable of controlling the damping force of the suspension on the basis of a target damping force, to control the damping force of the suspension with a desired control amount and a high responsibility. A control unit includes a acceleration calculation device for calculating an acceleration in a forward and rearward direction of a vehicle on the basis of an operation input amount to the vehicle and a target damping force setting device for determining a target value of damping force on the basis of a damping force map determined in advance in response to the acceleration and a differentiation value of the acceleration.

Abstract: A power storage device with reduced initial irreversible capacity is provided. The power storage device includes a positive electrode including a positive electrode current collector and a positive electrode active material layer, a negative electrode including a negative electrode current collector and a negative electrode active material layer, and an electrolyte solution. In the negative electrode active material layer, the content percentage of a carbon material with an R value of 1.1 or more is less than 2 wt %. The R value refers to a ratio of a peak intensity I1360 to a peak intensity I1580 (I1360/I1580). The peak intensity I1360 and the peak intensity I1580 are observed by Raman spectrometry at a Raman shift of 1360 cm?1 and a Raman shift of 1580 cm?1, respectively. The electrolyte solution contains a lithium ion and an ionic liquid composed of an organic cation and an anion.

Abstract: To provide a power storage device exhibiting excellent charge and discharge characteristics at high temperature. To provide a power storage device exhibiting excellent charge and discharge characteristics at a wide range of temperature. Such a power storage device includes a positive electrode, a negative electrode, a separator, and an electrolytic solution. The separator is located between the positive electrode and the negative electrode and contains polyphenylene sulfide. The electrolytic solution contains an ionic liquid and an alkali metal salt.

Abstract: A power storage device with reduced initial irreversible capacity is provided. The power storage device includes a positive electrode including a positive electrode current collector and a positive electrode active material layer, a negative electrode including a negative electrode current collector and a negative electrode active material layer, and an electrolyte solution. In the negative electrode active material layer, the content percentage of a carbon material with an R value of 1.1 or more is less than 2 wt %. The R value refers to a ratio of a peak intensity I1360 to a peak intensity I1580 (I1360/I1580). The peak intensity I1360 and the peak intensity I1580 are observed by Raman spectrometry at a Raman shift of 1360 cm?1 and a Raman shift of 1580 cm?1, respectively. The electrolyte solution contains a lithium ion and an ionic liquid composed of an organic cation and an anion.

Abstract: A front suspension structure includes a head pipe; an upper arm portion having a front end portion connected to the head pipe rockably about a first coupling axis and a rear end portion connected to a vehicle body frame rockably about a second coupling axis; and a lower arm portion disposed below the upper arm portion, and having a front end portion connected to the head pipe rockably about a third coupling axis and a rear end portion connected to the vehicle body frame rockably about a fourth coupling axis. The structure includes a cushion unit making a lower end portion perform a stroke as the lower arm portion rocks; the lower end portion supported in front of a middle point of a segment connecting the third coupling axis to the fourth coupling axis, and an upper end portion supported in a rear of the second coupling axis.

Abstract: A nonaqueous electrolyte of the present invention includes an ionic liquid including a first alicyclic quaternary ammonium cation having one or more substituents, a second alicyclic quaternary ammonium cation having an alicyclic skeleton that is the same as an alicyclic skeleton of the first alicyclic quaternary ammonium cation, and a counter anion to the first alicyclic quaternary ammonium cation and the second alicyclic quaternary ammonium cation and an alkali metal salt. In the second alicyclic quaternary ammonium cation, one of substituents bonded to a nitrogen atom in the alicyclic skeleton is a substituent including a halogen element. In the ionic liquid, the amount of a salt including the second alicyclic quaternary ammonium cation is less than or equal to 1 wt % per unit weight of the ionic liquid, or is less than or equal to 0.8 wt % per unit weight of the nonaqueous electrolyte.

Abstract: When cellulose is used as a separator, the cellulose is impregnated with an ionic liquid. Charge and discharge are repeated with this separator touching a surface of a current collector; then, the separator is changed in color. Thus, it is an object to provide a power storage device with a structure in which a side reaction other than a battery reaction, e.g., a change in color of separator, is unlikely to occur. In the power storage device, a separator impregnated with an ionic liquid is not in contact with a surface of a current collector. The separator has a tubular shape, a bag-like shape, or a sheet-like shape. The separator includes cellulose. The power storage device including the ionic liquid is non-volatile and non-flammable. The power storage device can be bent.

Abstract: A nonaqueous electrolyte of the present invention includes an ionic liquid including a first alicyclic quaternary ammonium cation having one or more substituents, a second alicyclic quaternary ammonium cation having an alicyclic skeleton that is the same as an alicyclic skeleton of the first alicyclic quaternary ammonium cation, and a counter anion to the first alicyclic quaternary ammonium cation and the second alicyclic quaternary ammonium cation and an alkali metal salt. In the second alicyclic quaternary ammonium cation, one of substituents bonded to a nitrogen atom in the alicyclic skeleton is a substituent including a halogen element. In the ionic liquid, the amount of a salt including the second alicyclic quaternary ammonium cation is less than or equal to 1 wt % per unit weight of the ionic liquid, or is less than or equal to 0.8 wt % per unit weight of the nonaqueous electrolyte.

Abstract: A joint connector includes a bus bar and a housing. The bus bar juxtaposes plural tab pieces to be connected to mating terminals. The housing has a bus bar accommodating part accommodating the bus bar, and includes plural terminal receiving chambers for receiving the mating terminals. The housing is formed with plural continuity check holes at a back end of the housing so as to expose a back end of the bus bar. In a case where the plural bus bars are accommodated in the bus bar receiving parts, at least one of the continuity check holes is positioned between the adjacent bus bars, and the at least one of the continuity check holes is formed in a resin-sealed part filled with an insulating resin material.