Abstract: A circuit chip including a substrate, first and second channel active regions on the substrate, and extending in a first direction, the second channel active regions spaced apart from the first channel regions in a second direction intersecting the first direction, first and second gate electrodes intersecting the second channel active regions, third and fourth gate electrodes intersecting the first channel active regions, and a contact electrode between the first, second, third, and fourth gate electrodes. The contact electrode including a stem section in a vertical direction, and first and second branch sections extending from the stem section and contacting a respective source/drain region on the first and second channel active regions, the first gate electrode and the third gate electrode overlapping in the second direction, and including edge portions having widths decreasing as the first gate electrode and the third gate electrode extend toward facing ends thereof.

Abstract: Disclosed are Hansenula polymorpha mutants useful as host cells through which various proteins can be produced as being intact at high yield and a process for preparing recombinant proteins using the host cells. Using various vectors, Hansenula polymorpha is made to be a mutant which is deprived of methanol assimilating ability and incapable of utilizing methanol as a carbon source. This Hansenula polymorpha mutant is used as a high yield host to produce recombinant proteins without continuous feeding of methanol, with the aid of an expression cassette carrying a promoter capable of inducing the expression at a low concentration of methanol. Further, the mutant is also lacking in carboxypeptidase Y, protease Y and/or carboxypeptidase a activity, so the recombinant protein of interest is not degraded at its carboxyl terminal when being expressed in the cell. Thus, intact recombinant protein can be obtained.

Abstract: Disclosed are Hansenula polymorpha mutants useful as host cells through which various proteins can be produced as being intact at high yield and a process for preparing recombinant proteins using the host cells. Using various vectors, Hansenula polymorpha is made to be a mutant which is deprived of methanol assimilating ability and incapable of utilizing methanol as a carbon source. This Hansenula polymorpha mutant is used as a high yield host to produce recombinant proteins without continuous feeding of methanol, with the aid of an expression at a cassette carrying a promoter capable of inducing the expression at a low concentration of methanol. Further, the mutant is also lacking in carboxypeptidase Y, protease Y and/or carboxypeptidase &agr; activity, so the recombinant protein of interest is not degraded at its carboxyl terminal when being expressed in the cell. Thus, intact recombinant protein can be obtained.

Abstract: Disclosed are Hansenula polymorpha mutants useful as host cells through which various proteins can be produced as being intact at high yield and a process for preparing recombinant proteins using the host cells. Using various vectors, Hansenula polymorpha is made to be a mutant which is deprived of methanol assimilating ability and incapable of utilizing methanol as a carbon source. This Hansenula polymorpha mutant is used as a high yield host to produce recombinant proteins without continuous feeding of methanol, with the aid of an expression cassette carrying a promoter capable of inducing the expression at a low concentration of methanol. Further, the mutant is also lacking in carboxypeptidase Y, protease Y and/or carboxypeptidase a activity, so the recombinant protein of interest is not degraded at its carboxyl terminal when being expressed in the cell. Thus, intact recombinant protein can be obtained.