Abstract: Fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensors are used to provide measurement of chordae tendineae forces. Two basic modes of operation are considered, The first mode is a research mode, where the FBG sensors are affixed to native chordae in situ and preferably in vivo to provide data on chordae forces in a beating heart under various conditions (e.g., normal, hypertensive, etc.), The second mode is a clinical mode, where the FBG sensor can be used to measure tension on a prosthetic neochord during the surgical procedure to implant the prosthesis.

Abstract: A haptic feedback device for a vehicle is provided that has a ring member disposed circumferentially on the steering wheel as the moving element. This allows the system to be used with a wide variety of driver hand positions on the steering wheel, as opposed to requiring the driver to grip the steering wheel only in specific locations. A linear actuator is used, and accommodating the difference between the linear actuator motion and the rotational motion of the ring member is done via elastic compliance in the system (as opposed to providing pivots, rotary joints etc.). Such elastic compliance can only accommodate a limited range of angular motion (e.g., +/?1 degree), but this small range of motion has been found to be sufficient for this haptic display application.

Abstract: A method of controlling transmission power used for wireless transmission in a wireless communication device including calculating a remaining power level of a third period based on a tolerant power level of a first period and a remaining power level of a second period, the third period included in the first period and being a period from a current time to a point in time following the current time, the second period being a period from the current time to a point in time preceding the current time, calculating a transmission power level of the third period based on a target power level and the remaining power level of the third period, and generating a power control signal for determining a power level of a transmission signal unit based on the transmission power level of the third period may be provided.

Abstract: A haptic feedback device for a vehicle is provided that has a ring member disposed circumferentially on the steering wheel as the moving element. This allows the system to be used with a wide variety of driver hand positions on the steering wheel, as opposed to requiring the driver to grip the steering wheel only in specific locations. A linear actuator is used, and accommodating the difference between the linear actuator motion and the rotational motion of the ring member is done via elastic compliance in the system (as opposed to providing pivots, rotary joints etc.). Such elastic compliance can only accommodate a limited range of angular motion (e.g., +/?1 degree), but this small range of motion has been found to be sufficient for this haptic display application.

Abstract: A method of controlling transmission power used for wireless transmission in a wireless communication device including calculating a remaining power level of a third period based on a tolerant power level of a first period and a remaining power level of a second period, the third period included in the first period and being a period from a current time to a point in time following the current time, the second period being a period from the current time to a point in time preceding the current time, calculating a transmission power level of the third period based on a target power level and the remaining power level of the third period, and generating a power control signal for determining a power level of a transmission signal unit based on the transmission power level of the third period may be provided.

Abstract: A method of controlling transmission power used for wireless transmission in a wireless communication device including calculating a remaining power level of a third period based on a tolerant power level of a first period and a remaining power level of a second period, the third period included in the first period and being a period from a current time to a point in time following the current time, the second period being a period from the current time to a point in time preceding the current time, calculating a transmission power level of the third period based on a target power level and the remaining power level of the third period, and generating a power control signal for determining a power level of a transmission signal unit based on the transmission power level of the third period may be provided.

Abstract: A method of real-time 3D flexible needle tracking for image-guided surgery is provided that includes uploading, using a controller, a virtual model of a flexible needle to a calibrated 3D mixed reality headset, where the virtual model, establishing an initial position of a base of a flexible needle relative to a target under test, using the controller and the flexible needle, where the flexible needle includes sensors spanning from the base to along a length of the flexible needle, where the sensors communicate a position, a shape, and an orientation of the flexible needle to the controller, where the controller communicates the sensor positions to the calibrated 3D mixed-reality headset, and using the calibrated 3D mixed-reality headset to display in real-time a position and shape of the flexible needle relative to the target under test.

Abstract: A method of controlling transmission power used for wireless transmission in a wireless communication device including calculating a remaining power level of a third period based on a tolerant power level of a first period and a remaining power level of a second period, the third period included in the first period and being a period from a current time to a point in time following the current time, the second period being a period from the current time to a point in time preceding the current time, calculating a transmission power level of the third period based on a target power level and the remaining power level of the third period, and generating a power control signal for determining a power level of a transmission signal unit based on the transmission power level of the third period may be provided.

Abstract: Disclosed are a method and apparatus for processing a transmission signal using a window function that changes a spectrum characteristic of a symbol. A transmission apparatus includes a symbol generator that generate a plurality of consecutive symbols, and a symbol windowing processor that is coupled with the symbol generator. The symbol windowing processor applies a first window function and a third window function that uses a difference between the first window and a second window, and changes a spectrum characteristic of each of the plurality of consecutive symbols, and processes neighboring symbols from among the plurality of consecutive symbols of which spectrum characteristics are changed, such that the symbols partially overlap one another.

Abstract: Various aspects as described herein are directed to methods and systems that include a tissue-engagement apparatus. The tissue-engagement apparatus includes a distal needle portion having a sharp-end region to be applied to a tissue surface. The tissue-engagement apparatus also includes a proximate needle portion to attach to a needle base, and an elongated needle portion, situated between the distal needle portion. The elongated needle portion includes a plurality of openings that accentuate haptic-type forces carried by the elongated needle portion in response to engagement between the sharp-end region and the tissue surface. Additionally, the proximate needle portion includes a communication pathway that conveys information, from the distal needle portion along the elongated needle portion, which characterizes forces due to the engagement between the sharp-end region and the tissue surface.

Abstract: Disclosed are a method and apparatus for processing a transmission signal using a window function that changes a spectrum characteristic of a symbol. A transmission apparatus includes a symbol generator that generate a plurality of consecutive symbols, and a symbol windowing processor that is coupled with the symbol generator. The symbol windowing processor applies a first window function and a third window function that uses a difference between the first window and a second window, and changes a spectrum characteristic of each of the plurality of consecutive symbols, and processes neighboring symbols from among the plurality of consecutive symbols of which spectrum characteristics are changed, such that the symbols partially overlap one another.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for reducing a Peak to Average Power Ratio (PAPR) using peak windowing is provided. In the apparatus, an absolute value calculator calculates an absolute value of an input signal, a subtractor subtracts a predetermined clipping threshold level from the absolute value, a smoothing unit performs smoothing on the subtracted signal according to a predetermined smoothing scheme and outputs a first smoothed signal, an adder adds the first smoothed signal to the clipping threshold level, an inverse calculator outputs a second smoothed signal by multiplying the clipping threshold level by an inverse of the added signal, and a multiplier outputs a final PAPR-reduced signal by multiplying the input signal by the second smoothed signal.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for transmitting a signal whereby it is determined if a Bandwidth Expansion Factor (BEF) Q is an integer, the BEF being determined as N/M according to a number N of subcarriers of a system band and a number M of subcarriers of an allocated band, an input signal to be transmitted Q times in a time domain when the Q is an integer is expanded, a Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiplexing Access (SC-FDMA) signal is generated, and the SC-FDMA signal is transmitted.

Abstract: Provided are an apparatus and a method for estimating I/Q unbalance parameters in an OFDM receiver. The apparatus includes an unbalance parameter estimator and an I/Q unbalance compensator. The unbalance parameter estimator estimates an amplitude difference and a phase difference depending on positions of pilot tones in a preamble of a received signal. The I/Q unbalance compensator compensates for an I/Q unbalance using the amplitude difference and the phase difference estimated by the unbalance parameter estimator.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for reducing a Peak to Average Power Ratio (PAPR) using peak windowing is provided. In the apparatus, an absolute value calculator calculates an absolute value of an input signal, a subtractor subtracts a predetermined clipping threshold level from the absolute value, a smoothing unit performs smoothing on the subtracted signal according to a predetermined smoothing scheme and outputs a first smoothed signal, an adder adds the first smoothed signal to the clipping threshold level, an inverse calculator outputs a second smoothed signal by multiplying the clipping threshold level by an inverse of the added signal, and a multiplier outputs a final PAPR-reduced signal by multiplying the input signal by the second smoothed signal.

Abstract: Provided are an apparatus and a method for estimating I/Q unbalance parameters in an OFDM receiver. The apparatus includes an unbalance parameter estimator and an I/Q unbalance compensator. The unbalance parameter estimator estimates an amplitude difference and a phase difference depending on positions of pilot tones in a preamble of a received signal. The I/Q unbalance compensator compensates for an I/Q unbalance using the amplitude difference and the phase difference estimated by the unbalance parameter estimator.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for transmitting a signal in a Single Carrier-Frequency Division Multiplexing Access (SC-FDMA) communication system are provided. The method includes determining if a Bandwidth Expansion Factor (BEF) Q is an integer, the BEF being determined as N/M according to a number N of subcarriers of a system band and a number M of subcarriers of an allocated band, expanding an input signal to be transmitted Q times in a time domain when the Q is an integer, generating an SC-FDMA signal, and transmitting the SC-FDMA signal.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is an air conditioner having independent cooling and purifying paths. The air conditioner comprises a body casing formed by assembling a front panel with a rear panel, the front panel having a cooled air discharge opening and one or more suction openings to introduce indoor air into the body casing, a first fan arranged in the body casing to suction air via the suction openings, and a heat exchanger located above the first fan to perform heat exchange of the suctioned air. A cooler housing is arranged in the body casing to receive the first fan therein. Also, an air purifier is mounted in the body casing.