Abstract: A method for controlling a sound control device in a vehicle includes obtaining at least one of a reference signal obtained from a sensor or an error signal obtained from a sound signal of a microphone, estimating a road surface environment corresponding to a road surface on which the vehicle is traveling based on the reference signal, and adjusting a gain for generating a noise control signal having a magnitude within a preset range based on at least one of the road surface environment or the error signal.

Abstract: An organic electric element includes a hole transport band layer which includes compound represented by Formula 1 and an electron transport band layer includes compound represented by Formula 2. The driving voltage of an organic electric element including the organic electric element can be lowered and the luminous efficiency and lifespan can be improved.

Abstract: A semiconductor device includes: a substrate includes an active area; a first landing pad connected to the active area and disposed on the substrate; a second landing pad connected to the active area, and spaced apart from the first landing pad, wherein the second landing pad is disposed on the substrate; a first lower electrode disposed on the first landing pad and extending in a direction substantially perpendicular to the substrate; a second lower electrode disposed on the second landing pad and extending in the direction substantially perpendicular to the substrate; a dielectric layer extending along the first lower electrode and the second lower electrode; and an upper electrode disposed on the dielectric layer, wherein a first upper surface of the first landing pad is disposed below a second upper surface of the second landing pad with respect to a lower surface of the substrate.

Abstract: A camera module includes: a first body including a substrate; an image sensor mounted on the substrate; a second body including a lens module; a ball bearing disposed between the first body and the second body to enable movement of the second body relative to the first body; and a driving member disposed between the first body and the second body to provide driving force to move the second body in at least one direction intersecting an optical axis.

Abstract: Provided is a technology for increasing accuracy of position estimation by estimating a position of a signal source based on an error due to altitudes of a sensor and a signal source and an error due to a pitch of an aircraft as well as an error due to curvature of the earth. At this time, a position estimation method may include receiving measurement data from a plurality of sensors, estimating first position data of the signal source based on the measurement data, identifying an altitude error of the first position data, and estimating second position data that is data obtained by correcting the first position data based on the altitude error.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a compound capable of lowering the flammability of a non-aqueous electrolyte when included in the non-aqueous electrolyte and improving the life properties of a battery by forming an electrode-electrolyte interface which is stable at high temperatures and low in resistance, and relates to a compound represented by Formula I descried herein, a non-aqueous electrolyte solution and a lithium secondary battery both including the compound, n, m, Ak, and X are described herein.

Abstract: Provided is a novel compound capable of improving the luminous efficiency, stability and life span of a device, an organic electric element using the same, and an electronic device thereof.

Abstract: A sound control device in a vehicle and control method thereof may include obtaining energy per unit time of an audio signal corresponding to a preset low frequency band, calculating an allowable reference value based on a difference between a magnitude of energy per unit time of the audio signal and a magnitude of a preset maximum allowable input of a speaker, monitoring whether a magnitude of energy per unit time of a noise control signal for eliminating noise in the vehicle exceeds the allowable reference value, and adjusting a magnitude of the noise control signal when the magnitude of energy per unit time of the noise control signal exceeds the allowable reference value.

Abstract: An organic light emitting diode (OLED) includes an emissive layer with at least one emitting part includes at least one emitting material layer, a first electron transport layer and a second electron transport layer disposed sequentially between two facing electrodes, wherein the first electron transport layer includes a first electron transporting material of a benzimidazole-based compound substituted with at least one spiro-structured fluorenyl group and the second electron transport layer includes a second electron transporting material of a benzimidazole-based compound substituted with at least one anthracenyl group. The first electron transport including the first electron transport material with excellent thermal stability is disposed adjacently to the emitting material layer so that the OLED can maintain good luminescent intensity in an environment of high temperature and implement beneficial luminous properties.

Abstract: Disclosed are a light-emitting device and a display device including the same. An emissive layer is formed so as to have a dual-layer structure, the triplet energy level of a dopant of a first emissive layer adjacent to a hole transport layer is greater than the triplet energy level of a first host in the first emissive layer, and the triplet energy level of the first host is greater than the triplet energy level of a second host of a second emissive layer, whereby triplet excitons generated in the first emissive layer are recycled to the second emissive layer so as to be reused for light emission.

Abstract: An ultrasonic fuel supplying apparatus includes an ultrasonic fuel tank including a fuel storing space for accommodating a fuel and a fuel atomizing space for accommodating an atomized fuel, an input pipe for supplying the fuel from an external main fuel tank to the ultrasonic fuel tank, at least one ultrasonic transducer arranged at a lower portion of the ultrasonic fuel tank and configured to atomize the fuel accommodated in the fuel storing space, an ultrasonic transducer controller configured to drive the at least one ultrasonic transducer, an output pipe for supplying atomized fuel from the ultrasonic fuel tank to an external fuel injection unit, and an output pipe extending unit extended from the output pipe into the fuel atomizing space and including an opening at a distal end.

Abstract: The efficient production of poly(tetramethylene ether) diacetate [PTMEA] or other diesters, from tetrahydrofuran [THF] is obtained utilizing an acid-based catalyst that is based on a morphologically reconfigured and Bronsted acidity enhanced halloysite derived from a preparation method of using naturally occurring halloysites. More specifically, the method relates to morphological modification of the internal pore structure of halloysites via supercritical carbon dioxide treatment directly applied onto the raw halloysite minerals, that yields highly synergistic and reproducible results of elimination of inaccessible and detrimental extra-small pores.

Abstract: The efficient production of poly(tetramethylene ether) diacetate [PTMEA] or other diesters, from tetrahydrofuran [THF] is obtained utilizing an acid-based catalyst that is based on a morphologically reconfigured and Bronsted acidity enhanced halloysite derived from a preparation method of using naturally occurring halloysites. More specifically, the method relates to morphological modification of the internal pore structure of halloysites via supercritical carbon dioxide treatment directly applied onto the raw halloysite minerals, that yields highly synergistic and reproducible results of elimination of inaccessible and detrimental extra-small pores. PTMEA is readily converted to poly(tetramethylene ether) glycol (PTMEG) by a transesterification reaction.

Abstract: The efficient production of poly(tetramethylene ether) diacetate [PTMEA] or other diesters, from tetrahydrofuran [THF] is obtained utilizing an acid-based catalyst that is based on a morphologically reconfigured and Bronsted acidity enhanced halloysite derived from a preparation method of using naturally occurring halloysites. More specifically, the method relates to morphological modification of the internal pore structure of halloysites via supercritical carbon dioxide treatment directly applied onto the raw halloysite minerals, that yields highly synergistic and reproducible results of elimination of inaccessible and detrimental extra-small pores.

Abstract: The efficient production of poly(tetramethylene ether) diacetate [PTMEA] or other diesters, from tetrahydrofuran [THF] is obtained utilizing an acid-based catalyst that is based on a morphologically reconfigured and Bronsted acidity enhanced halloysite derived from a preparation method of using naturally occurring halloysites. More specifically, the method relates to morphological modification of the internal pore structure of halloysites via supercritical carbon dioxide treatment directly applied onto the raw halloysite minerals, that yields highly synergistic and reproducible results of elimination of inaccessible and detrimental extra-small pores.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for providing a Feistel-based variable length block cipher, which are configured to, when plaintext having a certain bit length is encrypted, generate ciphertext having the same bit length as plaintext, and to decrypt ciphertext into plaintext having the same bit length. The apparatus includes an encryption/decryption key generation unit for generating a number of encryption/decryption keys corresponding to a preset number of rounds, based on a secret key, the length of the secret key, the length of plaintext, and a round constant; an encryption/decryption tweak generation unit for generating an encryption/decryption tweak based on a tweak, a length of tweak, and the length of plaintext; and a ciphertext output unit for outputting ciphertext having length identical to that of plaintext, based on plaintext, the length of the plaintext, the length of the secret key, the encryption/decryption keys, and the encryption/decryption tweak.

Abstract: The efficient production of poly(tetramethylene ether) diacetate [PTMEA] or other diesters, from tetrahydrofuran [THF] is obtained utilizing an acid-based catalyst that is based on a morphologically reconfigured and Bronsted acidity enhanced halloysite derived from a preparation method of using naturally occurring halloysites. More specifically, the method relates to morphological modification of the internal pore structure of halloysites via supercritical carbon dioxide treatment directly applied onto the raw halloysite minerals, that yields highly synergistic and reproducible results of elimination of inaccessible and detrimental extra-small pores. PTMEA is readily converted to poly(tetramethylene ether) glycol (PTMEG) by a transesterification reaction.

Abstract: An operation apparatus includes a message expansion unit, a state data initiation unit, a state data generation unit, and a chain variable update unit. The message expansion unit generates a plurality of expanded messages using a message. The state data initiation unit generates the initial value of state data using chain variable data. The state data generation unit generates the final value of the state data by iterating a combination function and a step function using the state data and the plurality of expanded messages. The chain variable update unit updates the chain variable data using the state data of the final value.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for performing a compression operation in a hash algorithm are provided. The apparatus includes an interface unit, a message extension unit, a chain variable initial conversion unit, a compression function computation unit, and a chain variable final conversion unit. The interface unit receives a message and chain variable data. The message extension unit generates a plurality of extended messages from the message. The chain variable initial conversion unit converts the chain variable data into initial state data for a compression function. The compression function computation unit repeatedly computes extended message binding and step functions based on the initial state data and the plurality of extended messages, and performs combination with a final extended message, thereby computing final state data. The chain variable final conversion unit generates and outputs chain variable data, into which the chain variable data has been updated, using the final state data.

Abstract: An operation apparatus includes a message expansion unit, a state data initiation unit, a state data generation unit, and a chain variable update unit. The message expansion unit generates a plurality of expanded messages using a message. The state data initiation unit generates the initial value of state data using chain variable data. The state data generation unit generates the final value of the state data by iterating a combination function and a step function using the state data and the plurality of expanded messages. The chain variable update unit updates the chain variable data using the state data of the final value.