Abstract: Polyimide precursors contained in resin compositions of the present invention have a polymer structure unit represented by formula (1) below: wherein chemical structure A2 includes an alicyclic compound but not an aromatic compound such as a benzene ring so that they provide excellent light transmission over a wide wavelength range. The polyimide precursors are imidized at 7.5% or more and 36% or less so that they are less soluble in developing solutions and therefore are not dissolved in the developing solutions at unexposed parts. Thus, the resin compositions of the present invention can be used to form a resin film having a precise pattern by exposure and development.

Abstract: Laser light irradiation can be performed on a recordable surface in a defocused state with a high-power laser beam with safety without incurring data destruction due to erroneous data recording or overwrite recording even in the recording on an eccentric disk or regardless of occurrence of wobbling of the disk surface. Laser irradiation is performed after moving an objective lens radially inwardly beyond a PCA located at an inner peripheral portion of the disk (or radially outwardly beyond the PCA located at an outer peripheral portion of the disk) by using a tracking coil.

Abstract: A specific write power control method used for an optical disk drive is provided. This method relates to how to measure the writing quality and how to set write power for the next zone while settling the linear velocity so that each zone of an optical disk is provided with different linear velocity. At the time of zone switching, writing performed by the head facing an optical disk is interrupted. The head is moved to seek to a given return point in a written area. At the return point, the head is moved toward the next zone, and also a motor for rotating the optical disk is accelerated so that the linear velocity of the motor becomes the linear velocity of the next zone. During the acceleration, the written area is read to measure the writing quality. From the measured writing quality, write power for the next zone is set. At a point of time when the motor reaches the linear velocity of the next zone and the head reaches the next zone, restarting the writing to the optical disk is restarted.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a control unit for vehicle where increase in number of input/output and upgrading of function can easily be performed and, in addition to this, changing of a program in a control unit can easily be performed even when a single-chip micro-computer is used.

Abstract: Polyimide precursors contained in resin compositions of the present invention have a polymer structure unit represented by formula (1) below: 1

Abstract: A mobile telephone system is capable of coping with a number of different mobile radio telephone systems by a single mobile radio telephone. When a mobile radio telephone exists inside a communication area of a first mobile radio telephone system, in case when a first mobile radio telephone system flag of a first base station and an existing second mobile radio telephone system flag of a second base station coincide with each other, the mobile radio telephone is to execute a mobile radio telephone communication using an existing mobile radio telephone communication protocol software. When the first and the second mobile radio telephone system flags do not coincide with each other, as downloading of a first mobile radio telephone communication protocol software used in the first base station is completed, a mobile radio telephone communication starts.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a control unit for vehicle where increase in number of input/output and upgrading of function can easily be performed and, in addition to this, changing of a program in a control unit can easily be performed even when a single-chip micro-computer is used. In order to cope with an increase in input/output points and addition of function, a control unit is constructed such as to comprise interface software memory means storing an interface software program for connecting an application software program with an OS (operating system) in an internal ROM, a CPU (central processing unit) for performing computation of the application software program and the interface software program, a RAM (erasable memory) storing data such as the result of computation, an I/O unit for extending the control unit, and extending means for communicating memory data through a bus or a LAN.

Abstract: A control device and a control method capable of eliminating a torque variation in changing an air/fuel ratio and establishing a compatibility of promotion in fuel economy with promotion in drivability is provided. The device includes an outer environment detector for detecting an outer environment in running a vehicle, a running environment determining device for predicting a current running environment in accordance with the outer environment, a data storage device for storing data for changing a driving characteristic, a selecting device for selecting the data, a control quantity calculator for calculating a control quantity based on the data, and a control actuator for controlling a control object.

Abstract: A control device and a control method capable of eliminating a torque variation in changing an air/fuel ratio and establishing a compatibility of promotion in fuel economy with promotion in drivability is provided. The device includes an outer environment detector for detecting an outer environment in running a vehicle, a running environment determining device for predicting a current running environment in accordance with the outer environment, a data storage device for storing data for changing a driving characteristic, a selecting device for selecting the data, a control quantity calculator for calculating a control quantity based on the data, and a control actuator for controlling a control object.

Abstract: A control device and a control method capable of eliminating a torque variation in changing an air/fuel ratio and establishing a compatibility of promotion in fuel economy with promotion in drivability is provided. The device includes an outer environment detector for detecting an outer environment in running a vehicle, a running environment determining device for predicting a current running environment in accordance with the outer environment, a data storage device for storing data for changing a driving characteristic, a selecting device for selecting the data, a control quantity calculator for calculating a control quantity based on the data, and a control actuator for controlling a control object.

Abstract: A control device and a control method capable of eliminating a torque variation in changing an air/fuel ratio and establishing a compatibility of promotion in fuel economy with promotion in drivability is provided. The device includes an outer environment detector for detecting an outer environment in running a vehicle, a running environment determining device for predicting a current running environment in accordance with the outer environment, a data storage device for storing data for changing a driving characteristic, a selecting device for selecting the data, a control quantity calculator for calculating a control quantity based on the data, and a control actuator for controlling a control object.

Abstract: A control device and a control method capable of eliminating a torque variation in changing an air/fuel ratio and establishing a compatibility of promotion in fuel economy with promotion in drivability is provided. The device includes an outer environment detector for detecting an outer environment in running a vehicle, a running environment determining device for predicting a current running environment in accordance with the outer environment, a data storage device for storing data for changing a driving characteristic, a selecting device for selecting the data, a control quantity calculator for calculating a control quantity based on the data, and a control actuator for controlling a control object.

Abstract: A vehicle which includes a plurality of peripheral systems has a plurality of control units which transmit data to each other via a local area network, and which control the peripheral systems in response to sensor signals received from vehicle operating parameter sensors. A first control unit has a memory which stores a first interface software program which receives input signals from sensors and processes such signals for controlling at least one peripheral system of the vehicle, by means of an application software program and first and second interface software programs. A second control unit has a memory which stores an application software program for processing input signals for controlling at least one other peripheral system of the vehicle via a third interface software program. The second control unit receives input data from the first control unit via the local area network.

Abstract: A radio communication device using a quadrature modulation-demodulation circuit which enables DC offset error fluctuation to be corrected more accurately regardless of the condition of temperature variation or power source voltage fluctuation. A quadrature demodulation circuit inputs therein a QPSK signal to output a base band signal perpendicularly intersecting to the QPSK signal. A base band signal generation circuit inputs therein a transmission data to convert into two analog base band signals perpendicularly intersecting with each other. A quadrature modulation circuit inputs therein the analog base band signal and modulated frequency signal to output the QPSK signal. A switching circuit selects either one of the analog base band signal and the QPSK signal. An A/D conversion circuit quantizes an output signal of the switching circuit. An offset error detecting means detects DC offset error.

Abstract: A control device and a control method capable of eliminating a torque variation in changing an air/fuel ratio and establishing a compatibility of promotion in fuel economy with promotion in drivability is provided. The device includes an outer environment detector for detecting an outer environment in running a vehicle, a running environment determining device for predicting a current running environment in accordance with the outer environment, a data storage device for storing data for changing a driving characteristic, a selecting device for selecting the data, a control quantity calculator for calculating a control quantity based on the data, and a control actuator for controlling a control object.

Abstract: A vehicle control unit comprises an interface software memory for storing an interface software program for connecting an application software program with an operating system in an internal ROM, a central processing unit for performing computation of the application software program and the interface software program, an erasable memory for storing data such as the result of computation, an I/O unit for extending the control unit, and extending means for communicating memory data through a bus or a LAN. A single-chip micro-computer is used in vehicle control.

Abstract: A control processor has an output pattern generating circuit operating in cooperation with a free running timer, and a virtual OCR program for virtually realizing a large number of timer outputs by use of the output pattern generating circuit. Because more timer outputs than the actually incorporated timers are handled, the function of timer outputs is implemented with a higher degree of freedom and in a wider range of applications. For its enhanced function and availability, the control processor costs less.

Abstract: A vehicle control system provided with a plurality of sensors for detecting the condition of the vehicle, a vehicle control unit including a multiplexer, a programmable input signal matching module and a processor, and actuators for operating each part of the vehicle. The multiplexer and matching module are selected and switched in accordance with a sensor signal to be inputted. A plurality of sensor signals can be inputted through the switched multiplexer and matching module to the processor. Furthermore, the processor determines controls of vehicle operation on the basis of the inputted sensor signals and controls actuators in accordance with the determined controls.

Abstract: A control device and a control method capable of eliminating a torque variation in changing an air/fuel ratio and establishing a compatibility of promotion in fuel economy with promotion in drivability is provided. The device includes an outer environment detector for detecting an outer environment in running a vehicle, a running environment determining device for predicting a current running environment in accordance with the outer environment, a data storage device for storing data for changing a driving characteristic, a selecting device for selecting the data, a control quantity calculator for calculating a control quantity based on the data, and a control actuator for controlling a control object.

Abstract: A method and apparatus to estimate slopes accurately, as well as to eliminate slope estimation errors, taking error generating conditions into account. The slope on which the vehicle is running is estimated from the vehicle speed and the engine rpm value. The result is entered to the slope estimation unit through a low pass filter, then to the navigation unit. A noise eliminator is provided to the output of the slope estimation unit so that noises can be eliminated, for example, during gear-shifting or for a certain time after the gear shifting is completed by obtaining the "gear shifting" information from the automatic transmission control. The preceding estimated slope value is held during the noise elimination period.