Abstract: An image forming apparatus including: a transfer belt; a rotational body; a transfer roller that forms a transfer nip part between the transfer roller and the rotational body with the transfer belt therebetween; a pressing section that presses one of the rotational body and the transfer roller against the other of the rotational body and the transfer roller; and a controlling section that controls the pressing section so as to change the pressing direction of the rotational body or the transfer roller in accordance with a predetermined image formation condition.

Abstract: A cleaning roller has a core and a polyurethane foam layer covering the core to form a peripheral surface of the cleaning roller adapted to be in contact with a peripheral surface of the toner image bearing member. The polyurethane foam is designed so that the number of cell per inch thereof is 30 or more and 60 or less and an open ratio of cell walls thereof is 3% or more and 50% or less.

Abstract: A cleaning device for an intermediate transferring member, comprising: a first cleaning roller that is placed so as to rotate while being made in contact with a surface of the intermediate transferring member; a first bias-applying device that applies a bias voltage to the first cleaning roller; a second cleaning roller that is placed so as to rotate while being made in contact with the surface of the intermediate transferring member on a downstream side from the first cleaning roller in a surface-moving direction of the intermediate transferring member; and a second bias-applying device that applies a bias voltage having a polarity different from that of the bias voltage applied by the first bias-applying device to the second cleaning roller, wherein the first cleaning roller is a brush roller, and the second cleaning roller is a foam roller having a foam layer on a surface thereof, with a cell wall face in the foam layer having an opening ratio in a range of 3% or more to 50% or less, and an image-formin

Abstract: A cleaning roller for cleaning a charging roller in an image forming apparatus is disposed in contact with an outer peripheral surface of a charging roller to remove foreign matters attached to the outer peripheral surface of the charging roller. The cleaning roller has a metal core and a polyurethane foam layer covering an outer peripheral surface of this metal core. The polyurethane foam layer includes a number of cells. The number of cells per inch is 40 or more and 80 or less, and an open ratio of a wall surface of cells is 3% or more and 50% or less.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes: an image holder on which a toner image is formed; a developing device which is filled with a toner including a lubricant, and forms the toner image by making the toner adhere to the image holder; a torque calculation section which calculates torque of a drive motor which drives the image holder; a cleaning section which cleans the image holder; and a control section which calculates a print rate of the toner image formed on the image holder, makes determination of an adhering lubricant amount of the lubricant adhering to the image holder based on the print rate and the torque, and changes a toner image of a toner forcibly-discharging-pattern according to the determination.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes: an image holder on which a toner image is formed; a lubricant applying section which applies a lubricant to the image holder; a torque calculation section which calculates torque of a drive motor which drives the image holder; a cleaning section which cleans the image holder; and a control section which calculates a print rate of the toner image formed on the image holder, makes determination of an adhering lubricant amount of the lubricant adhering to the image holder based on the print rate and the torque, and forms a toner image of a toner forcibly-discharging-pattern or increases an applied lubricant amount of the lubricant applied to the image holder by the lubricant applying section according to the determination.

Abstract: A cleaning device for an intermediate transferring member, comprising: a first cleaning roller that is placed so as to rotate while being made in contact with a surface of the intermediate transferring member; a first bias-applying device that applies a bias voltage to the first cleaning roller; a second cleaning roller that is placed so as to rotate while being made in contact with the surface of the intermediate transferring member on a downstream side from the first cleaning roller in a surface-moving direction of the intermediate transferring member; and a second bias-applying device that applies a bias voltage having a polarity different from that of the bias voltage applied by the first bias-applying device to the second cleaning roller, wherein the first cleaning roller is a foam roller having a foam layer on a surface thereof, with a cell wall face in the foam layer having an opening ratio in a range of 3% or more to 50% or less, and the second cleaning roller is a brush roller, and an image-formin

Abstract: A developing device of an electrophotographic image forming apparatus has a first roller and a second roller disposed in a peripheral contact with the first roller to define a contact region therebetween so that the first roller is capable of supplying and collecting a toner to and from the second roller in the contact region. The first roller has a core and a polyurethane foam layer. The polyurethane foam has an open ratio of cells of 2% or more and 50% or less and a hardness of 1 gf/mm or more and 6 gf/mm or less, the hardness being defined by a load per unit length in a longitudinal direction of the first roller, the load being determined by forcing the peripheral surface of the polyurethane foam layer against a substrate, measuring a load necessary for the polyurethane foam layer to be compressed by 30% in thickness, and dividing the load by a length of the polyurethane foam layer in the longitudinal direction.

Abstract: A cleaning device for an intermediate transferring member, comprising: a first cleaning roller that is placed so as to rotate while being made in contact with a surface of the intermediate transferring member; a first bias-applying device that applies a bias voltage to the first cleaning roller; a second cleaning roller that is placed so as to rotate while being made in contact with the surface of the intermediate transferring member on a downstream side from the first cleaning roller in a surface-moving direction of the intermediate transferring member; and a second bias-applying device that applies a bias voltage having a polarity different from that of the bias voltage applied by the first bias-applying device to the second cleaning roller, wherein the first cleaning roller is a foam roller having a foam layer on a surface thereof, with a cell wall face in the foam layer having an opening ratio in a range of 3% or more to 50% or less, and the second cleaning roller is a brush roller, and an image-formin

Abstract: A cleaning device for an intermediate transferring member, comprising: a first cleaning roller that is placed so as to rotate while being made in contact with a surface of the intermediate transferring member; a first bias-applying device that applies a bias voltage to the first cleaning roller; a second cleaning roller that is placed so as to rotate while being made in contact with the surface of the intermediate transferring member on a downstream side from the first cleaning roller in a surface-moving direction of the intermediate transferring member; and a second bias-applying device that applies a bias voltage having a polarity different from that of the bias voltage applied by the first bias-applying device to the second cleaning roller, wherein the first cleaning roller is a brush roller, and the second cleaning roller is a foam roller having a foam layer on a surface thereof, with a cell wall face in the foam layer having an opening ratio in a range of 3% or more to 50% or less, and an image-forming a

Abstract: A developing roller has a surface layer composed of a binder resin having an SP value in the range of 7.5 to 9.0, and roughness-imparting particles made from a resin having an SP value that has a difference from the SP value of the resin of 2 or less in the absolute value thereof. The roughness-imparting particles are dispersed in the binder resin. A developing device is provided with the developing roller. An image-forming apparatus is provided with the developing device equipped with the developing roller.

Abstract: A cleaning roller has a core and a polyurethane foam layer covering the core to form a peripheral surface of the cleaning roller adapted to be in contact with a peripheral surface of the toner image bearing member. The polyurethane foam is designed so that the number of cell per inch thereof is 30 or more and 60 or less and an open ratio of cell walls thereof is 3% or more and 50% or less.

Abstract: A developing device of an electrophotographic image forming apparatus has a first roller and a second roller disposed in a peripheral contact with the first roller to define a contact region therebetween so that the first roller is capable of supplying and collecting a toner to and from the second roller in the contact region. The first roller has a core and a polyurethane foam layer. The polyurethane foam has an open ratio of cells of 2% or more and 50% or less and a hardness of 1 gf/mm or more and 6 gf/mm or less, the hardness being defined by a load per unit length in a longitudinal direction of the first roller, the load being determined by forcing the peripheral surface of the polyurethane foam layer against a substrate, measuring a load necessary for the polyurethane foam layer to be compressed by 30% in thickness, and dividing the load by a length of the polyurethane foam layer in the longitudinal direction.

Abstract: A cleaning roller for cleaning a charging roller in an image forming apparatus is disposed in contact with an outer peripheral surface of a charging roller to remove foreign matters attached to the outer peripheral surface of the charging roller. The cleaning roller has a metal core and a polyurethane foam layer covering an outer peripheral surface of this metal core. The polyurethane foam layer includes a number of cells. The number of cells per inch is 40 or more and 80 or less, and an open ratio of a wall surface of cells is 3% or more and 50% or less.

Abstract: A developing roller, having a surface layer composed of; a binder resin having an SP value in the range of 7.5 to 9.0; and roughness-imparting particles made from a resin having an SP value that has a difference from the SP value of said resin of 2 or less in the absolute value thereof, the roughness-imparting particles being dispersed in the binder resin, a developing device provided with the developing roller and an image-forming apparatus provided with such a developing device, a developing device provided with the developing roller, and an image-forming apparatus provided with the developing device equipped with the developing roller.