Abstract: A method for cutting a glass element (2) with a processing laser (4) is intended to enable a particularly simple process sequence with a high degree of reliability and a low level of equipment expenditure. For this purpose, according to the invention, the processing laser (4) is operated in a first processing step as a perforation laser, with which a perforation (12) is produced in the glass element (2) along an intended cutting line (8), whereby the processing laser (4) is operated in a second processing step with a modified laser beam (14) as a separating laser, with which a splitting of the filaments (6) forming the perforation (12) is effected.

Abstract: In the case of a film (1) from which packaging (2) can be manufactured, in particular for foodstuffs (3), optical glasses (4), individual parts for bioreactors, solar panels or the like, medical devices, pharmaceutical products or the like, the film (1) consists of at least two polymer layers which are joined together in a co-extension die (7) to form the film (1), the film (1) should already have a sterile or at least particle-free surface during the manufacturing process, which surface is reliably protected against contamination of all kinds during the transport and storage times of the film (1). This is achieved in that an additive (8) is present in one of the layers in a dosable amount and/or in that the material pairing between the first and second layers (51, 61) has a low adhesion force, and in that the first and second layers (51, 61) can be non-destructively detached from one another in a separating plane (15), in such a way that the film (1) can be divided into two film webs (11, 12).

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for limiting the maximum braking performance which can be accessed of a hydrodynamic brake in a motor vehicle, wherein the heat which is generated by the hydrodynamic brake is dissipated by means of a cooling system, with the following steps: the temperature of the hydrodynamic brake and/or the cooling system is detected continuously or at time intervals; a regulating intervention temperature is predefined; a regulating target temperature is predefined; if the temperature of the hydrodynamic brake and/or of the cooling system rises to the regulating intervention temperature or above, the maximum braking performance which can be accessed of the hydrodynamic brake is reduced with a predefined gradient, until a predetermined time period has passed and/or until a constant value of the temperature of the hydrodynamic brake and/or of the cooling system is set.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for operating a hydrodynamic retarder having at least one working chamber that is filled with a working medium in braking mode, and substantially emptied in non-braking mode. According to the invention, a prescribed amount of working medium is pulsingly brought into the working chamber of the retarder in non-braking mode. This can occur either constantly, or as a function of suitable measurement variables.

Abstract: A method of single crystal welding is provided for the production of a single crystal region (1) on a surface (2) of a moncrystalline substrate (3) by means of an energy beam (4). The method of single crystal welding includes the supply of a coating material (5), the formation of a melt (6) by melting the coating material (5) by means of the energy beam (4) and the melting of a surface layer (71, 72) of the single crystal substrate (3) by the energy beam (4). The characteristic (8) of the energy distribution in the energy beam (4) is set, in this connection, such that the lateral thermal flow (H1) from the melt into the single crystal substrate (3) is minimized.

Abstract: A method of single crystal welding is provided for the production of a single crystal region (1) on a surface (2) of a moncrystalline substrate (3) by means of an energy beam (4). The method of single crystal welding includes the supply of a coating material (5), the formation of a melt (6) by melting the coating material (5) by means of the energy beam (4) and the melting of a surface layer (71, 72) of the single crystal substrate (3) by the energy beam (4). The characteristic (8) of the energy distribution in the energy beam (4) is set, in this connection, such that the lateral thermal flow (H1) from the melt into the single crystal substrate (3) is minimised.

Abstract: A method for filing a retarder with an operating fluid through a valve connected to a fluid reservoir having air pressure Pv and conveying an operating fluid with an actuating pressure Py in the retarder. The method comprises: after starting the retarder during a first time interval T1, an overshoot actuating pressure Py(U) lying above nominal pressure PyNENN for the nominal braking torque to be regulated is adjusted. In a second time interval T2, overshoot actuating pressure Py(U) is reduced to a nominal pressure PyNENN.

Abstract: The present invention discloses methods to improve the processing and storage stability of dry enzyme preparations. To this extend an inorganic salt, e.g. MgSO.sub.4, is dissolved in an enzyme containing solution which is subsequently dried, using e.g. spray drying. Not only does the addition of salt improve the yield of enzyme activity upon drying, also the storage and processing stability of the obtained solid composition containing the enzyme and the inorganic salt are improved with respect to enzyme activity. The invention further discloses solid compositions comprising enzymes and inorganic salts.

Abstract: The present invention discloses methods to improve the processing and storage stability of dry enzyme preparations. To this extent an inorganic salt, e.g. MgSO.sub.4, is dissolved in an enzyme containing solution which is subsequently dried, using e.g. spray drying. Not only does the addition of salt improve the yield of enzyme activity upon drying, also the storage and processing stability of the obtained solid composition containing the enzyme and the inorganic salt are improved with respect to enzyme activity. The invention further discloses solid compositions comprising enzymes and inorganic salts. Preferably the enzymes comprise phytase, protease, hemicellulase, cellulase, and mixtures thereof, and the inorganic salts are divalent cations comprising zinc, magnesium, or calcium. The concentration of the inorganic salt is at least 5%, preferably at least 15%, more preferably at least 30%, still more preferably at least 60%, and most preferably at least 90% (w/w).

Abstract: The unbalance of a body (10) to be balanced is indicated in a polar co-ordinate system (52) on a screen (50) of a cathode ray tube (48) by means of a first visible mark (60). The body (10) to be balanced may be rotated by a drive motor (20) by means of a belt (22). A pulse generator (30), producing trains of pulses that are relatively phase displaced by a quarter of a period, is coupled to the drive motor (20). A computer (34) generates a position-indicating signal from the pulse trains, and a reference signal is produced by a reference mark on the body (10) to be balanced and obtained from a pick-up device (28). A position-indicating radial finger (68), which is a second visible mark and rotates on the screen (50) in phase locked manner with the body (10) to be balanced, is obtained from the position-indicating signal. When the position-indicating radial finger (68) coincides with the first visible mark (60), the unbalanced body (10) is positioned in the desired working position.