Abstract: A sample is analyzed by temperature-modulated thermogravimetric analysis (TMTGA), using a thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) instrument. The TGA instrument comprises a furnace arranged in a furnace housing and an electronic balance with a load receiver arranged in a balance housing, wherein the load receiver extends into the furnace housing. A measuring position is arranged at one end of the load receiver within the furnace housing. A control unit controls the balance and/or the furnace. The TMTGA method includes at least using the TGA instrument to subject the sample to a temperature program that varies the temperature of the furnace and provides temperature-time setpoints for controlling the sample temperature, measuring the mass change of the sample as a function of time, and determining at least one kinetic parameter of the sample based on mass change. The temperature program may be stochastic and/or event-controlled in nature.

Abstract: A sample is analyzed by temperature-modulated thermogravimetric analysis (TMTGA), using a thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) instrument. The TGA instrument comprises a furnace arranged in a furnace housing and an electronic balance with a load receiver arranged in a balance housing, wherein the load receiver extends into the furnace housing. A measuring position is arranged at one end of the load receiver within the furnace housing. A control unit controls the balance and/or the furnace. The TMTGA method includes at least using the TGA instrument to subject the sample to a temperature program that varies the temperature of the furnace and provides temperature-time setpoints for controlling the sample temperature, measuring the mass change of the sample as a function of time, and determining at least one kinetic parameter of the sample based on mass change. The temperature program may be stochastic and/or event-controlled in nature.

Abstract: Some of the embodiments of the present disclosure provide a method for analyzing a substance, where the method includes subjecting the substance to a dynamic excitation to produce an observable response, and determining a characteristic quantity of the substance based on a correlation between the excitation and the response. The correlation between the excitation and the response is expressed by a parametric model for which a specific model structure with a finite number of unspecified parameters is preset. The determining a characteristic quantity of the substance includes calculating the parameters of the model from values of the excitation and the response in a time domain, determining from the calculated parameters a transfer function in a frequency range, and calculating the characteristic quantity directly from the transfer function. Other embodiments are also described and claimed.

Abstract: Substance analysis based upon observed reponse to excitation described herein. When a substance is subjected to an excitation and a response is observed, a relational evaluation is made based on the concept that the parameters of a mathematical model may be determined, which emulate the relationship between the excitation and the response, and that characteristic substance properties are subsequently determined/calculated from the time series of estimated values of the mathematical model.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for analyzing substances during which a substance is subjected to an excitation and a corresponding response is observed. The evaluation ensues in such a manner that a parametric model for the correlation between the excitation and the response is predetermined. The model parameters are determined from values of the excitation and from observed values of the response in the time domain. The transfer function is calculated therefrom in the frequency range, and characteristic quantities of the substance are directly calculated from the transfer function.

Abstract: Substance analysis based upon observed reponse to excitation described herein. When a substance is subjected to an excitation and a response is observed, a relational evaluation is made based on the concept that the parameters of a mathematical model may be determined, which emulate the relationship between the excitation and the response, and that characteristic substance properties are subsequently determined/calculated from the time series of estimated values of the mathematical model.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for thermally analyzing a sample of a material by detecting a heat flow between the sample and a heat source (1, 2) and ,evaluating a functional relation between the measured heat flow and an associated temperature is based on controlling the heating power of the heat source (1, 2) so as to cause the heat source to follow a temperature program (Tp) as a function of time superposed with a stochastic variation (FSIP), (FIG. 2).

Abstract: The invention is directed to a differential analysis method and apparatus wherein a sample and reference are subjected to an externally applied disturbance, such as temperature change, in accord with a prescribed function comprising the sum of a linearly changing part and a periodically changing part, and the measured differential signal is processed into real and imaginary components relating, respectively, to the energy storage and energy loss portions of the signal.