Abstract: A tipless arc tube for a high intensity discharge lamp and method of manufacture wherein the arc tube may remain open to an uncontrolled atmosphere during the step of hermetically scaling the arc tube. The novel arc tube and method obviate the need to perform any process steps within a controlled atmosphere. The pressure of the fill gas sealed within the arc tube may be controlled by controlling the temperature of the fill gas during the step of hermetically sealing the arc tube. The novel arc tube and method obviate the need to use a pump to control the fill gas pressure.

Abstract: A lighting apparatus mountable on a support and used for illuminating well-defined limited areas is provided. The apparatus includes a support frame pivotably mounted to the support thereby to allow the support frame to pivot about a predetermined axis, a light-generating system supported by the support frame, the light-generating system having a light source, a light-gathering/directing element, a guide rod and a reflector, the light-generating system generating one or more beams directed toward corresponding target areas, and preferably a shield for blocking non-reflected light.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for achieving desired spectral emission characteristics in plasma lamps is disclosed. The apparatus and method use multi-layer thin film optical interference coatings to selectively reflect a portion of the light such that it can be absorbed in the plasma. The multi-layer thin film coating is applied to any surface of the lamp, which substantially surrounds the plasma. The number and thickness of the layers in the coating are selected to ensure that a significant portion of the selected light emitted from the plasma is reflected by the coating and absorbed by the plasma. The properties of the coating, reflectance, transmittance and absorption are determined as a function of plasma and lamp characteristics.

Abstract: An efficient downlight system for directing light includes a light source and a generally tubular, hollow coupling device with an interior light-reflective surface for receiving light from the source at an inlet and transmitting it as a generally diverging light beam through an outlet. The coupling device is shaped in accordance with non-imaging optics and increases in cross sectional area from inlet to outlet in such manner as to reduce the angle of light reflected from the surface as it passes through the device. A thermal-isolating region has an inlet positioned in proximity to an outlet of the coupling device and has an outlet for passing light to an optical member. An arrangement for splitting the light from the outlet of the thermal-isolating region comprises a plurality of light guides. Each light guide includes an inlet end for receiving light from the thermal-isolating region and an outlet end for directing light to a remote location.

Abstract: A method of making an optical device comprises the steps of providing a body of vitreous material that is generally tubular along an axis. A portion of the body is molded with external mold structure for forming a bulbous region when the interior of the tube is pressurized. An axial portion is cut from the bulbous region to form a first coupling device with first and second axially oriented openings. This method can produce optical coupling devices with excellent optical quality in an economical manner.

Abstract: An efficient arrangement for coupling light between a light source and at least one light guide comprises a light source having a bulbous region and electrical in-leads extending into the bulbous region. A generally tubular, hollow coupling device with an interior light-reflective surface receives light from the source at an inlet and transmits it to an outlet. The coupling device increases in cross sectional area from inlet to outlet in such manner as to reduce the angle of light reflected from the surface as it passes through the device. A thermal-isolating region has an inlet positioned in proximity to an outlet of the coupling device and has an outlet for passing light to an optical member. The thermal-isolating region comprises one or more members. The foregoing can achieve high efficiency and considerable compactness while using a non-“point-like” light source.

Abstract: A light delivery system includes a light source. A first generally tubular, hollow coupling device with an interior light-reflective surface receives light from the source at an inlet and transmits it to an outlet. The coupling device increases in cross sectional area from inlet to outlet in such manner as to reduce the angle of light reflected from the surface as it passes through the device. A thermal-isolating region has an inlet positioned in proximity to an outlet of the coupling device and has an outlet for passing light to an optical member, the thermal-isolating region comprising one or more members. A waterproof container for the light source and coupling device has an aperture allowing light to pass out of the container. The aperture is sealed in part by a portion of a member of the thermal-isolating region. Advantageously, the system can be buried beneath the surface of the ground. This avoids the problem of people or equipment colliding with the system.

Abstract: Metal halide table and floor lamps and method of manufacture. A lamp base module housing a power supply, ballast, and illumination controls separate from a metal halide bulb with the metal halide bulb housed within the base or a luminaire module. Lamp modules of various size and appearance may be manufactured separately and easily assembled by those of but ordinary skill.

Abstract: A modified base construction for a high intensity arc discharge lamp is described enabling a single piece screw type conductive base member to be directly secured to the outer lamp envelope. The simplified base construction employs a conductive clip physically attached to the outer lamp envelope which provides a locking engagement between the assembled lamp parts.

Abstract: An improved arc tube for a horizontal burning metal halide arc discharge lamp is disclosed to avoid light output fluctuations which otherwise occur during lamp operation. The improved arc tube construction employs opposing planar pinch seal regions which are angularly displaced with respect to each other while further positioning the opposing discharge electrodes below the longitudinal central axis of the arc tube member.

Abstract: An arc tube for a horizontally burning metal halide lamp having electrodes disposed below the axis of a generally cylindrical arc tube with an asymmetric pinch about the electrodes.

Abstract: An improved thermal switch permitting large temperature excursions beyond the design closure temperature without stressing the switch material beyond its elastic limits. It combines a bimetal portion with a spring portion through which movement is transmitted, the former providing sufficient deformation for closure at design temperature, and the latter accommodating excess deformation beyond closure caused by high temperature. It is particularly useful in metal halide lamps having gas filled outer envelopes and requiring shorting of an auxiliary starting electrode to the adjacent main electrode during operation.