Abstract: An electrochemical cells and methods of forming the same are described. An electrochemical cell includes an anode, a cathode, a separator, and a liquid electrolyte. The cathode includes an active material, a conductive material, a binder, and a gelling electrolyte. The separator is arranged between the anode and the cathode. The separator is configured to prevent direct contact between the anode and the cathode. The liquid electrolyte transports ions between the cathode and the anode.

Abstract: A battery including a conductive housing, a header assembly, and electrode assembly where the electrode assembly includes a solid-state electrolyte. A battery including a conductive housing having an inner surface and an outer surface, a header assembly, an electrode assembly, and an electrically insulative coating on at least a portion of the inner surface of the conductive housing.

Abstract: A method for determining a depth of discharge of an electrochemical cell includes (i)) providing one or more alkaline electrochemical cells comprising Ag2O—Zn; (ii) applying a varying voltage potential to the one or more alkaline electrochemical cells, (iii) measuring an output current response of the one or more alkaline electrochemical cells, the output current response comprising a phase response as a function of frequency; and (iv) determining a depth of discharge of the one or more alkaline electrochemical cells based on a linear relationship of the depth of discharge with the phase response.

Abstract: A state of health of a battery may be determined based on a voltage of the battery and a rate of voltage change of the battery. A first voltage of a battery may be measured, and it may be determined that the first voltage is equal to or greater than a voltage threshold level. In response, a second voltage of the battery may be measured at a conclusion of a predetermined time period. Such predetermined time period may begin when the first voltage is measured. The rate of voltage change may be determined based on the first voltage, the second voltage, and the predetermined time period.

Abstract: An electrochemical cell includes an anode, a cathode, a separator, and a liquid electrolyte. The cathode includes an active material, a conductive material, a binder, and a gelling powder. The separator is arranged between the anode and the cathode. The separator is configured to prevent direct contact between the anode and the cathode. The liquid electrolyte transports positively charged ions between the cathode and the anode.

Abstract: The present application provides a preparation method of a charge transport layer, which includes steps of: forming a first film layer by a first solution containing a functional material, forming a second film layer by a second solution containing a charge transport material, the first film layer and the second film layer are in contact with each other, or forming a mixed film layer by a mixed solution of the first solution and the second solution; and removing the functional material to obtain a charge transport layer. The functional material is an organic substance containing an electron-donating group, a surface of the charge transport material has a metal cation dangling bond, and the electron-donating group is capable of being bonded with the metal cation dangling bond.

Abstract: An implantable medical device comprising a battery cell including: an anode; a cathode including fluorinated carbon particles; a separator between the anode and the cathode; and an electrolyte contacting the anode, the cathode, and the separator; wherein greater than 50 vol-% of the fluorinated carbon particles have a particle size within a range of 2 microns to 10 microns, and greater than 50% by number have an aspect ratio within a range of 1:1.2 to 1:8.

Abstract: In some examples, a primary battery comprising a cathode comprising at least one active material and at least one of a metal oxide and metal fluoride, wherein the active material exhibits a first discharge capacity and the at least one of metal oxide and metal fluoride exhibits a second discharge capacity at a voltage lower than the first discharge capacity; an anode comprising a metal as an electron source; and an electrolyte between the cathode and anode. The metal reacts with the electrolyte below a third discharge capacity at a voltage lower than the second discharge capacity to form a gas, where the metal reacts with the active material at the first discharge capacity, and, following the consumption of the active material of the cathode, the metal reacts with the at least one of metal oxide and metal fluoride of the cathode prior to reacting with the electrolyte below the third discharge capacity.

Abstract: An implantable medical device comprising a battery cell including: an anode; a cathode including fluorinated carbon particles; a separator between the anode and the cathode; and an electrolyte contacting the anode, the cathode, and the separator; wherein greater than 50 vol-% of the fluorinated carbon particles have a particle size within a range of 2 microns to 10 microns, and greater than 50% by number have an aspect ratio within a range of 1:1.2 to 1:8.

Abstract: Cathodes containing active materials and carbon nanotubes are described. The use of carbon nanotubes in cathode materials can provide a battery having increased longevity and volumetric capacity over batteries that contain a cathode that uses conventional conductive additives such as carbon black or graphite.

Abstract: Cathodes containing active materials and carbon nanotubes are described. The use of carbon nanotubes in cathode materials can provide a battery having increased longevity and volumetric capacity over batteries that contain a cathode that uses conventional conductive additives such as carbon black or graphite.

Abstract: Electrochemical cells containing a stoichiometric capacity ratio of carbon-treated carbon monofluoride to carbon monofluoride being greater than 1:1 provide electrochemical cells having a tunable end-of-service indication.

Abstract: The present teachings include an electrochemical cell including an anode, a cathode, an electrolyte, a separator disposed between the cathode and anode, and a housing containing the anode, cathode, electrolyte, and separator. The separator can include a first sheet consisting essentially of a single layer material and a second sheet distinct from the first sheet. The second sheet can include an inner microporous layer laminated between two more outer layers. In some cells, the inner layer can have a transition temperature between a porous configuration and a substantially non-porous configuration that is between about 80 degrees C. and 150 degrees C., and in which the two more outer layers maintain their structural integrity to at least about 10 degrees C. greater than the first layer transition temperature.

Abstract: In some examples, a primary battery comprising a cathode comprising at least one active material and at least one of a metal oxide and metal fluoride, wherein the active material exhibits a first discharge capacity and the at least one of metal oxide and metal fluoride exhibits a second discharge capacity at a voltage lower than the first discharge capacity; an anode comprising a metal as an electron source; and an electrolyte between the cathode and anode. The metal reacts with the electrolyte below a third discharge capacity at a voltage lower than the second discharge capacity to form a gas, where the metal reacts with the active material at the first discharge capacity, and, following the consumption of the active material of the cathode, the metal reacts with the at least one of metal oxide and metal fluoride of the cathode prior to reacting with the electrolyte below the third discharge capacity.

Abstract: Electrochemical cells containing a stoichiometric capacity ratio of carbon-treated carbon monofluoride to carbon monofluoride being greater than 1:1 provide electrochemical cells having a tunable end-of-service indication.

Abstract: A battery cell in an implantable medical device is presented. The battery cell includes an anode, a cathode, an insulator therebetween, and an electrolyte. The cathode includes silver vanadium oxide and fluorinated carbon (CFx). The CFx includes fluorine at greater than or equal to 61 percentage (%) by weight.

Abstract: An organic additive to an electrolyte for a battery cell in an implantable medical device is presented. At least one organic additive is selected from a group comprising one of lithium salicylate, hydroxyphthalic anhydride, a hydroxybenzoic acid, salicylate ester, salicylamide, and salicylanilide.

Abstract: According to one aspect of the present invention, an electrochemical cell is provided. The electrochemical cell includes a housing, an anode and a cathode within the housing, and an electrolytic solution within the housing and contacting the anode and the cathode. The electrolytic solution includes a solute and a solvent. The solute includes at least one of tetrafluoroborate and an organic cation.

Abstract: An organic additive to an electrolyte for a battery cell in an implant able medical device is presented. At least one organic additive is selected from a group comprising one of lithium salivate, hydroxyphthalic anhydride, a hydroxybenzoic acid, salivate ester, salicylamide, and salicylanilide.

Abstract: According to one aspect of the present invention, an electrochemical cell is provided. The electrochemical cell includes a housing, an anode and a cathode within the housing, and an electrolytic solution within the housing and contacting the anode and the cathode. The electrolytic solution includes a solute and a solvent. The solute includes at least one of tetrafluoroborate and an organic cation.