Abstract: A method for producing a stress impedance effect element, the method including: connecting opposite ends of a magnetostrictive amorphous thin wire and respective electrodes by ultrasonic bonding; forming a groove in an elastic thin substrate having a thermal expansion coefficient equal to that of the magnetostrictive amorphous thin wire; installing the magnetostrictive amorphous thin wire in the groove; and bonding together the magnetostrictive amorphous thin wire and the elastic thin substrate by applying an insulating adhesive across the magnetoresistive amorphous thin wire.

Abstract: A method for producing a stress impedance effect element that can be rigidly mounted, and that element are provided. The stress impedance effect element has electrodes (4) each formed at a respective one of the opposite ends of a magnetostrictive amorphous thin wire (2) by ultrasonic bonding.

Abstract: A prompt, accurate and highly practical drowsiness detecting device and a waking device operatively connected with the same are provided. Drowsiness of a vehicle driver or the like is detected to wake him/her up to prevent the drowsiness from causing an accident. A waveform of blinking is detected by a stress-impedance effect sensor head (1) positioned on a temple bow of a glasses frame in the vicinity of his/her temple, and the drowsiness is determined by a microcomputer (2). Waking him/her up is accomplished by a milligauss AC magnetic field generator (4).

Abstract: A prompt, accurate and highly practical drowsiness detecting device and a waking device operatively connected with the same are provided.

Abstract: In a torque measuring device having a shaft member bearing circumferentially circulating magnetic fluxes along its outer circumferential surface and adapted to measure a torque applied to the shaft member around its central axis by measuring a distortion of the magnetic fluxes caused by the torque according to an inverse magnetostriction, the shaft member has a principal cylindrical portion axially terminating in an annular end face perpendicular to the central axis, whereby a high density of magnetic fluxes corresponding to the axial length of the principal portion are generated to traverse the annular end face, so as to be detected by a magnetic field sensor to produce an output signal at a high S/N ratio.

Abstract: An approximate straight line A1 of detected values showing magnetic impedance changes relative to a torque change obtained at an end portion (31a) of a body portion (31) of a cup-shaped flexible external gear (3) of a flexible meshing type gear inclines oppositely to an approximate straight line A2 of detected values showing magnetic impedance changes relative to a torque change obtained at a boundary portion (4) between a diaphragm (32) and a boss (33) of the flexible external gear. Based on these two approximate straight lines A1, A2, it is possible to obtain a torque detecting characteristic A3 that passes through a zero point and has a linearity. As a result of this, it is possible to realize a torque detecting device that can detect the rotational torque of the flexible meshing type gear with a configuration different from a conventional one and with accuracy.Based thereupon, it is possible to detect the rotational torque of the flexible meshing type gear with accuracy.

Abstract: A magneto-impedance element includes an amorphous wire having a spiral magnetic anisotropy. A dc-biased alternating current is supplied to the amorphous wire, whereby a voltage is produced between both ends of the amorphous wire. The amplitude of the voltage varies asymmetrically with a variation in an externally applied magnetic field. The magneto-impedance element is compact, and has a high sensitivity and a high response speed.

Abstract: A magnetic sensor includes a DC power source, a multivibrator circuit composed of two CMOS inverters, a resistor, and a capacitor, each of the CMOS inverters being composed of a pMOS transistor and an nMOS transistor connected in series, and a magneto-impedance element. In a transition state attributable to switching operations of the CMOS inverters, a sharp pulse current is caused to flow through the magneto-impedance element so as to excite the magneto-impedance element sufficiently causing the skin effect, whereas in a steady state, the flow of the current is stopped by the CMOS inverters so as to reduce power consumption.

Abstract: In a bistable magnetic element, a pulse current or a dc-biased high frequency current is supplied to a soft magnetic material which has a helical magnetic anisotropy. As a result, the magnitude of a voltage induced across the soft magnetic material abruptly changes with respect to variation in an external magnetic field.

Abstract: A magnetic field sensor for gradient field detection (gradient type magnetic field sensor) cancels relatively uniform disturbance magnetic fields (background magnetic fields) such as the terrestrial field through the use of two magneto-impedance elements, thereby making it possible to detect only a signal magnetic field (gradient field) which is considerably localized spatially. The magnetic field sensor includes a pair of sensor heads made of an amorphous wire, and a self-oscillation type electronic circuit for detecting a spatially uniform magnetic field or a differential value of a spatially gradient magnetic field by switching the direction of a bias magnetic field applied to the pair of sensor heads.

Abstract: A magnetic detector for detecting a magnetism present in the vicinity of or close to a magnetic wire circumferentially magnetized therein and an electromagnet for generating an A.C. magnetic field on the basis of the magnitude of a Matteucci-effect voltage developed across the magnetic wire when the electromagnet approaches the magnetic wire. A coordinate input device for detecting proximity between the electromagnet and an array of a plurality of such magnetic wires arranged in X and Y directions when the electromagnet approaches the array. A magnetic image sensor for detecting an intensity distribution of a static magnetic field to be detected and present along a longitudinal direction of the wire on the basis of a detection voltage of the wire when a plurality of such electromagnets arranged along the longitudinal direction of the wire are sequentially excited one after another.

Abstract: A magnetostriction type torque sensor has a magnetostrictive film formed on an outer peripheral surface of a rotary shaft, a coil having a coil centerline extending in a radial direction of the rotary shaft, and a signal processor responsive to coil impedance. Since the coil includes a coil centerline extending in a radial direction of the rotary shaft, magnetic fluxes are formed mainly in a radial direction of the rotary shaft. Accordingly, the magnetic fluxes intruding deep into the rotary shaft are decreased, and the rate of the magnetic fluxes passing through the magnetostrictive film is increased. As a result, the magnetostriction type torque sensor comes to have high sensitivity even when the rotary shaft has high magnetic permeability or high electric conductivity.

Abstract: A magnetic detector for detecting a magnetism present in the vicinity of or close to a magnetic wire circumferentially magnetized therein and an electromagnet for generating an A.C. magnetic field on the basis of the magnitude of a Matteucci-effect voltage developed across the magnetic wire when the electromagnet approaches the magnetic wire. A coordinate input device for detecting proximity between the electromagnet and an array of a plurality of such magnetic wires arranged in X and Y directions when the electromagnet approaches the array. A magnetic image sensor for detecting an intensity distribution of a static magnetic field to be detected and present along a longitudinal direction of the wire on the basis of a detection voltage of the wire when a plurality of such electromagnets arranged along the longitudinal direction of the wire are sequentially excited one after another.

Abstract: A magnetic marker has a plurality of thin strips or wires of saturatable magnetic material having square .phi.-H characteristics and coercive forces different from each other. Amorphous magnetic material may be used. When the marker is subjected to magnetization reversal by an external magnetic field, variations of magnetic flux corresponding to a plurality of magnetization reversals can be chronologically detected as a voltage pulse train by detecting coils. By processing this voltage pulse train, a pattern can be made, recognized, so that the magnetic marker effectively identifies the kind of article to which it is attached. A magnetic marker reading and identifying apparatus has a plurality of exciting coils for producing a rotating magnetic field, with the axis of at least one of the exciting coils being orthogonal to the axis of at least one other exciting coil. The rotating a.c.

Abstract: An electric pulse generator utilizing a Matteuci effect. An alternating magnetic field is applied to distorted magnetic substances by a permanent magnet rotor, a polarizedly magnetized running sheet or an electric coil. The amorphous magnetic substances generate sharp pulse voltages between its ends, at the specific phase of the alternating magnetic field.

Abstract: A displacement sensor for a living body provides an improved stethoscope and/or cardiogram. The apparatus has a diaphragm which is placed on the surface of a living body, a permanent magnet located on the diaphragm, an inductor arrangement located adjacent to the permanent magnet so that the saturable inductor changes its inductance according to movement or vibration of the magnet, a processor circuit which processes the inductance variation in the inductors to provide an electrical output signal for visual display and recording purposes, and a hollow sound tube which introduces an acoustic vibration sound of the diaphragm to the ears of a doctor. The present apparatus provides not only acoustic sound output but also visual display and a printed copy as a mechanocardiogram sensor.

Abstract: In the rare earth-iron-boron permanent magnet, Ce and La decrease the magnetic properties when used alone but synergistically enhance iHc when used in combination.The composition provided by the present invention is generally expressed by [(Ce.sub.x La.sub.1-x).sub.y R.sub.1-y ].sub.z [(Fe.sub.1-u-w Co.sub.w M.sub.u).sub.1-v B.sub.v ].sub.1-z with a proviso of 0.4.ltoreq.x.ltoreq.0.9, 0.2<y.ltoreq.1.0, 0.05.ltoreq.z.ltoreq.0.3, 0.01.ltoreq.v.ltoreq.0.3, 0.ltoreq.u.ltoreq.0.2, 0.ltoreq.w.ltoreq.0.5, and M is at least one element selected from the group consisting of Al, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Zr, Hf, Nb, Ta, Mo, Ge, Sb, Sn, Bi, Ni, W, Cu, and Ag.

Abstract: A direction sensor includes at least one sensor element including a ring-shaped core formed from at least one flexible wire made of zero-magnetostrictive amorphous magnetic material, two pairs of series connected coils spaced from each other at equal intervals about the core for sensing an external magnetic field, with the core being formed by threading the wires through the coils, the coils being excited by an alternating frequency f, wherein voltages of frequency f are produced across each pair of coils; and a process circuit for providing a differential voltage between the voltages of frequency f produced across each pair of coils.

Abstract: A magnetic field sensing device for sensing low levels of magnetic intensity is composed of a ribbon-shaped strip of amorphous magnetic material having at least one twist along the length thereof between the ends of the strip. Subsequent to imparting the desired number of twists to the strip, the strip is supported in the twisted condition. The device is capable of generating a pulse in response to the presence of an external magnetic field similar to the Wiegand wire effect.

Abstract: In the rare earth-iron-boron permanent magnet, Ce and La decrease the magnetic properties when used alone but synergistically enhance iHc when used in combination.The composition provided by the present invention is generally expressed by [(Ce.sub.x La.sub.1-x).sub.y R.sub.1-y ].sub.2 [(Fe.sub.1-u-w Co.sub.w M.sub.u).sub.1-v B.sub.v ].sub.1-z with a proviso of 0.4.ltoreq.x.ltoreq.0.9, 0.2<y.ltoreq.1.0, 0.05.ltoreq.z.ltoreq.0.3, 0.01.ltoreq.v.ltoreq.0.3, 0.ltoreq.u.ltoreq.0.2, 0.ltoreq.w.ltoreq.0.5, and M is at least one element selected from the group consisting of Al, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Zr, Hf, Nb, Ta, Mo, Ge, Sb, Sn, Bi, Ni, W, Cu, and Ag.