Abstract: Provided are an apparatus and method for measuring a carrier-to-interference and noise ratio (CINR) using a pilot symbol in a digital communication system, and more particularly, to an apparatus and method for measuring a CINR by estimating a data signal, noise, and an interference signal from a pilot symbol in a digital communication system using orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM)/orthogonal frequency division multiplexing access (OFDMA). The apparatus includes: a pilot symbol acquisition unit for acquiring the pilot symbol from a baseband frequency signal; a signal estimation unit for estimating a pilot signal and a data signal from the pilot symbol; a power calculation unit for calculating a power value of the estimated data signal and calculating a power value of a noise signal from a difference between the pilot symbol and an estimated pilot signal; and a CINR calculation unit for calculating a CINR on the basis of the power values of the data and noise signals.

Abstract: An apparatus and a method for controlling a power in a Network on Chip (NoC) are provided. The apparatus includes a storage for storing status information of links interconnecting processing elements (PEs), link configuration information for establishing paths between the PEs, and voltage and clock information of the links according to a bandwidth; and a control device for establishing paths between the PEs to transmit data by checking the link configuration information in the storage, and controlling the voltage and the clock of the links by determining the voltage and the clock of the links of the established paths according to a bandwidth required for the data transmission of the PEs.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for adaptively changing clock frequencies of a Central Processing Unit (CPU) and a bus in a digital system are provided. The system includes an Adaptive Frequency Scaling (AFS) controller and a clock controller. The AFS controller determines whether to change a clock frequency of the CPU according to operation information of the CPU, and determines whether to change a clock frequency of the bus according to operation information of the bus. The clock controller generates a clock frequency of the CPU and a clock frequency of the bus according to the determination of the AFS controller.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method and an apparatus for decoding transmission signal. The method includes the steps of: receiving transmission signal including repeated symbols; deinterleaving the received signal; mutually combining the repeated symbols in the deinterleaved signal; and decoding the combined symbols. According to the method, reception performance is improved as compared to a conventional decoding method, and system performance is improved by reducing the loss of frame information included in an FCH.

Abstract: Provided are a method and device for estimating a channel in a wireless communication system, and more particularly, a method of estimating a channel of an uplink signal in an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM)/orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) communication system supporting the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.16d/e standards and a channel estimation device employing the method. The method includes the steps of: extracting pilot symbols included in the received signal and estimating linear phase values using the pilot symbols; interpolating the pilot symbols along a time axis and obtaining first channel responses; interpolating the pilot symbols along a frequency axis according to the first channel responses and obtaining second channel responses; and calculating channel estimation values using the second channel responses and the linear phase values.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for dynamically controlling a clock signal in a pipeline system are provided. In the apparatus and method, a clock generator outputs the clock signal at every period, a PDR is included with each stage for outputting information about a processing speed of each stage, and a CCU controls the delay of the clock signal using the processing time of each stage received from the PDR and providing the clock signal with the controlled delay to a register between stages. Accordingly, the clock signal is dynamically controlled to provide higher operating speeds.

Abstract: Disclosed is a photographing apparatus using an infrared ray in a portable terminal, the apparatus includes: a camera module for photographing an image; a display unit for providing a preview for the image photographed by the camera module; and an infrared sensor unit for determining if light is obstructed by emitting and receiving an infrared ray through an infrared sensor upon photographing by the camera module, and outputting a photographing signal for the image.

Abstract: The cosmetic container for mixing and using heterogeneous stuff is disclosed, which makes it possible to discharge certain amounts of heterogeneous cosmetics from a pair of discharge ports and simply mixing the same by forming an elliptical mixing part which has an inwardly inclined surface at an upper side of a cosmetic container.

Abstract: A digital photographing apparatus including an imaging device configured to continuously output image data of a subject in units of frames according to a predetermined drive clock, during consecutive photographing; a buffer memory configured to store a plurality of image frames output by the imaging device; a memory checking unit configured to detect a data overflow of the buffer memory; a digital signal processor configured to perform an overriding operation of sacrificing previously stored frame data and storing image frames recently obtained after the data overflow occurs in the buffer memory in replacement of the sacrificed framed data; and a recording medium configured to store the image frames in the buffer memory in the form of files.

Abstract: Disclosed is an indoor unit of an air conditioner, in which discharge units respectively provided on upper and lower portions of the indoor unit have an improved discharge structure such that the discharge units are interchangeable, to increase cooling efficiency regardless of installation position of the indoor unit. The indoor unit includes a cabinet; a first discharge unit being detachably provided on the cabinet and configured to discharge air in a forward direction; and a second discharge unit separated from the first discharge unit, being detachably provided on the cabinet and configured to discharge air in the oblique direction, the first discharge unit and the second discharge unit being interchangeable according to a height of a position at which the cabinet is installed. The indoor unit of the air conditioner sets the optimum direction of discharged air, thus increasing the cooling efficiency of an indoor space.

Abstract: An apparatus and a method for scaling a dynamic bus clock are provided. The apparatus for scaling the dynamic bus clock includes at least one master module, at least one slave module, a bus for delivering data transmitted and received by the at least one master module and the at least one slave module, a bus frequency controller for determining a bus clock frequency by considering activity information of the at least one master module, and a clock generator for generating the frequency as determined by the bus frequency controller and providing the generated frequency to the at least one master module, the at least one slave module, and the bus.

Abstract: A portable communication apparatus is configured to perform a method for a power control of a Central Processing Unit (CPU) in a portable communication apparatus. The portable communication apparatus for a power control of the CPU includes a CPU for reporting an operation status of the CPU. The CPU is configured to change a power control level according to a control of an overhead determiner by using a pin and the overhead determiner for determining an overhead of the CPU by using the pin and for controlling the power control level of the CPU according to the overhead of the CPU.

Abstract: A method and a system for transmitting/receiving serial data efficiently by minimizing the transitions of bits in a serial communication system, as well as a serial communication system for the same, are provided. The method for converting coded parallel data into serial data and transmitting the serial data in a serial communication system includes determining a position, in which an information bit of the coded parallel data is found first, the information bit being defined as a bit having a predetermined bit value so that the information bit is not compressed; and serially transmitting the information bit found first and at least one bit following the information bit found first as compressed serial data until the determined position is reached.

Abstract: A digital camera capable of variably setting a frame rate may include an imaging device which outputs a plurality of temporally continuous image frames when photographing a moving image. The digital camera may also include a digital signal processor that determines a frame rate with which the image frames are filed, wherein the digital signal processor variably determines the frame rate according to a motion speed of a subject in the frames. The digital camera may further include a recording medium in which the filed image frames are stored. Accordingly, as the frame rate is varied according to the motion of a subject, the motion of the subject can be smoothly realized in a high motion speed section from a reproduction perspective, and substantially repeated image frames can be removed in a low speed motion section. Thus, the size of moving image files can be reduced, saving memory resources.

Abstract: A digital photographing apparatus including an imaging device configured to continuously output image data of a subject in units of frames according to a predetermined drive clock, during consecutive photographing; a buffer memory configured to store a plurality of image frames output by the imaging device; a memory checking unit configured to detect a data overflow of the buffer memory; a digital signal processor configured to perform an overriding operation of sacrificing previously stored frame data and storing image frames recently obtained after the data overflow occurs in the buffer memory in replacement of the sacrificed framed data; and a recording medium configured to store the image frames in the buffer memory in the form of files.

Abstract: Disclosed is an air conditioner having a control box assembly, which enhances the serviceability of a circuit board and reduces production costs. In the air conditioner, which has a casing unit forming an external appearance of the air conditioner, a heat exchanger, a blowing device, and a control box assembly provided in the casing, the control box assembly includes a mounting unit mounting a circuit board; a control box housing the circuit board and the mounting unit; and guide units provided in the control box to guide a rectilinear reciprocating motion of the mounting unit to allow the mounting unit to come into and out of the control box and guide a rotating motion of the mounting unit in the case that the mounting unit is located at a designated position.

Abstract: Disclosed is an indoor unit of an air conditioner, in which discharge units respectively provided on upper and lower portions of the indoor unit have an improved discharge structure such that the discharge units are interchangeable, to increase cooling efficiency regardless of installation position of the indoor unit. The indoor unit includes a cabinet; a first discharge unit being detachably provided on the cabinet and configured to discharge air in a forward direction; and a second discharge unit separated from the first discharge unit, being detachably provided on the cabinet and configured to discharge air in the oblique direction, the first discharge unit and the second discharge unit being interchangeable according to a height of a position at which the cabinet is installed. The indoor unit of the air conditioner sets the optimum direction of discharged air, thus increasing the cooling efficiency of an indoor space.

Abstract: An apparatus and a method for controlling a power in a Network on Chip (NoC) are provided. The apparatus includes a storage for storing status information of links interconnecting processing elements (PEs), link configuration information for establishing paths between the PEs, and voltage and clock information of the links according to a bandwidth; and a control device for establishing paths between the PEs to transmit data by checking the link configuration information in the storage, and controlling the voltage and the clock of the links by determining the voltage and the clock of the links of the established paths according to a bandwidth required for the data transmission of the PEs.

Abstract: Disclosed is a photographing apparatus using an infrared ray in a portable terminal, the apparatus includes: a camera module for photographing an image; a display unit for providing a preview for the image photographed by the camera module; and an infrared sensor unit for determining if light is obstructed by emitting and receiving an infrared ray through an infrared sensor upon photographing by the camera module, and outputting a photographing signal for the image.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for dynamically controlling a clock signal in a pipeline system are provided. In the apparatus and method, a clock generator outputs the clock signal at every period, a PDR is included with each stage for outputting information about a processing speed of each stage, and a CCU controls the delay of the clock signal using the processing time of each stage received from the PDR and providing the clock signal with the controlled delay to a register between stages. Accordingly, the clock signal is dynamically controlled to provide higher operating speeds.