Abstract: A liquid discharge head includes a channel plate. The channel plate includes a fluid restrictor, a channel, a first plate member, and a second plate member. The channel is disposed on at least one of an upstream side and a downstream side of the fluid restrictor in a direction of flow of liquid. The channel has a greater width than a width of the fluid restrictor in a direction perpendicular to the direction of flow of liquid in an in-plane direction. The first plate member has a through hole including at least one broad portion and a narrow portion. The narrow portion is the fluid restrictor. The second plate member includes at least one through hole constituting part of the channel with the broad portion. The through hole is disposed opposite an end of the narrow portion at which the narrow portion is connected to the broad portion.

Abstract: A liquid discharging head includes: a nozzle plate having a plurality of nozzles from which liquid is discharged; a channel member including a plurality of individual liquid chambers that lead to the plurality of nozzles, respectively, and including a plurality of circulation channels that lead to the plurality of individual liquid chambers, respectively; and a common liquid chamber member for forming a common liquid chamber that supplies liquid to the plurality of individual liquid chambers and for forming a circulation common liquid chamber that leads to the plurality of circulation channels.

Abstract: A liquid discharge head includes a channel plate. The channel plate includes a fluid restrictor, a channel, a first plate member, and a second plate member. The channel is disposed on at least one of an upstream side and a downstream side of the fluid restrictor in a direction of flow of liquid. The channel has a greater width than a width of the fluid restrictor in a direction perpendicular to the direction of flow of liquid in an in-plane direction. The first plate member has a through hole including at least one broad portion and a narrow portion. The narrow portion is the fluid restrictor. The second plate member includes at least one through hole constituting part of the channel with the broad portion. The through hole is disposed opposite an end of the narrow portion at which the narrow portion is connected to the broad portion.

Abstract: A droplet discharge head includes a plurality of discharge orifices, a plurality of pressure generation chambers, a supply liquid chamber, a plurality of supply channels, a circulation liquid chamber, and a plurality of circulation channels. The discharge orifices discharge droplets. The pressure generation chambers are communicated with the discharge orifices, to apply pressure to liquid in the pressure generation chambers. The supply liquid chamber stores liquid to be supplied to the pressure generation chambers. The supply channels are communicated with the pressure generation chambers. The circulation liquid chamber receives liquid collected from the pressure generation chambers. The circulation channels communicate the pressure generation chambers with the circulation liquid chamber.

Abstract: A liquid discharge head includes a nozzle plate having nozzles arrayed to discharge liquid droplets; a passage plate to form individual liquid chambers communicating with the respective nozzles; and a wall surface member to form a wall surface of the individual liquid chambers. The passage plate is formed with at least three plate-shaped members stacked and bonded by an adhesive. The nozzle plate and one plate-shaped member, and another plate-shaped member and the wall surface member are bonded, respectively. The three plate-shaped members include separation wall parts forming separation walls between the individual liquid chambers. At least one of the three plate-shaped members has a separation wall width different from that of the others, to have fillets of the forced-out adhesive formed between the wall surfaces, and surfaces of the plate-shaped members, the nozzle plate, or the wall surface member.

Abstract: A liquid ejection head is provided. The liquid ejection head includes at least two nozzle lines configured to have a plurality of nozzles for ejecting liquid disposed in respective lines, a plurality of individual liquid chambers configured to be in communication with corresponding nozzles of the nozzle lines, and at least two circulation channels corresponding to the nozzle lines, configured to be in communication with the individual liquid chambers. The at least two circulation channels are in communication with each other through a bridging channel disposed in a direction intersecting with the nozzle line direction, and the bridging channel and the circulation channels are disposed at different positions in a thickness direction of a member which forms the bridging channel and the circulation channels.

Abstract: A disclosed liquid-ejection head for ejecting liquid droplets includes a substrate having a diaphragm forming a part of walls of a pressure liquid chamber, and a piezoelectric element adhered to the substrate with adhesive, and configured to apply pressure to the pressure liquid chamber via the diaphragm. The piezoelectric element has a surface facing the substrate having the diaphragm, and the surface has one or more projection parts in an area in which the pressure liquid chamber is not disposed, and whereon the substrate having the diaphragm has one or more recess parts that fit in the respective projection parts.

Abstract: A disclosed liquid-ejection head for ejecting liquid droplets includes a substrate having a diaphragm forming a part of walls of a pressure liquid chamber, and a piezoelectric element adhered to the substrate with adhesive, and configured to apply pressure to the pressure liquid chamber via the diaphragm. The piezoelectric element has a surface facing the substrate having the diaphragm, and the surface has one or more projection parts in an area in which the pressure liquid chamber is not disposed, and whereon the substrate having the diaphragm has one or more recess parts that fit in the respective projection parts.

Abstract: A liquid discharge head includes a nozzle plate having nozzles arrayed to discharge liquid droplets; a passage plate to form individual liquid chambers communicating with the respective nozzles; and a wall surface member to form a wall surface of the individual liquid chambers. The passage plate is formed with at least three plate-shaped members stacked and bonded by an adhesive. The nozzle plate and one plate-shaped member, and another plate-shaped member and the wall surface member are bonded, respectively. The three plate-shaped members include separation wall parts forming separation walls between the individual liquid chambers. At least one of the three plate-shaped members has a separation wall width different from that of the others, to have fillets of the forced-out adhesive formed between the wall surfaces, and surfaces of the plate-shaped members, the nozzle plate, or the wall surface member.

Abstract: An electromechanical transducer includes a first electrode mounted on one of a substrate and a base film, an electromechanical transducer film mounted on the first electrode and made of a piezoelectric substance having a perovskite crystal structure, and a second electrode mounted on the electromechanical transducer film. The electromechanical transducer film includes a {100} plane preferentially oriented to be orthogonal to a thickness direction of the electromechanical transducer film and has a full width at half maximum corresponding to a {200} plane in an X-ray diffraction measurement curve in 2?-? scan that is measured by emitting an X-ray beam onto a surface of the electromechanical transducer film at an incident angle ?. The full width at half maximum is not greater than 10 degrees.

Abstract: An electromechanical transducer includes a first electrode mounted on one of a substrate and a base film, an electromechanical transducer film mounted on the first electrode and made of a piezoelectric substance having a perovskite crystal structure, and a second electrode mounted on the electromechanical transducer film. The electromechanical transducer film includes a {100} plane preferentially oriented to be orthogonal to a thickness direction of the electromechanical transducer film and has a full width at half maximum corresponding to a {200} plane in an X-ray diffraction measurement curve in 2?-? scan that is measured by emitting an X-ray beam onto a surface of the electromechanical transducer film at an incident angle ?. The full width at half maximum is not greater than 10 degrees.

Abstract: A disclosed inkjet head includes a liquid chamber formed by a space between a vibrating plate and a nozzle substrate and separated by partitions; a piezoelectric element formed by sequentially laminating a common electrode, a piezoelectric substance and an individual electrode over the space; first to fourth insulating films respectively having first to fourth openings; and a first wiring connected to the individual electrode and pulled through the first and second openings over the common electrode, wherein the first wiring passes through the third opening over the third insulating film, the first wiring is exposed from the fourth opening so as to be externally connected, and the third insulating film and the fourth insulating film are not partly formed above the liquid chamber and formed above the first wiring.

Abstract: Disclosed is an electromechanical transducer element that includes an electromechanical transducer film formed of a complex oxide (PZT) including lead (Pb), zirconium (Zr), and titanium (Ti). The electromechanical transducer film is formed by laminating plural PZT thin films until a thickness of the formed electromechanical transducer film becomes a predetermined thickness. When an atomic weight ratio (Pb/(Zr+Ti)) of average Pb included in the formed electromechanical transducer film is denoted by Pb(avg) and an atomic weight ratio (Pb/(Zr+Ti)) of Pb in any one of laminate interfaces of the plural PZT thin films is denoted by Pb(interface), the Pb(avg) is greater than or equal to 100 atomic percentage (at %) and less than or equal to 110 atomic percentage (at %), and a fluctuation ratio ?Pb=Pb(avg)?Pb(interface) of Pb in the laminate interface is less than or equal to 20 percent.

Abstract: An ink-jet head includes a nozzle plate having nozzles, a vibrating plate on the nozzle plate, liquid chambers formed of spaces partitioned by division walls, a piezoelectric element having a common electrode, a piezoelectric body and an individual electrode layered in this order on a surface of the vibrating plate, a first insulator film having a first opening and a second insulator film having a second opening layered in this order on the first surface, a first wire drawn from the individual electrode via the first opening and the second opening, a third insulator film having a third opening on the first wire; and a second wire drawn via the third opening, where the third insulator film is formed in a first region of the second insulator film and is not formed in a second region excluding a region including the first wire formed above the liquid chamber.

Abstract: An inkjet head is disclosed. In the inkjet head a vibrating plate is formed on a liquid chamber substrate on which multiple dedicated liquid chambers are aligned; a first insulating film and a second insulating film are formed between a dedicated electrode wiring and a lower electrode in an area in which the dedicated electrode wiring and the lower electrode overlap; a third insulating film and a fourth insulating film are stacked in an area which includes a forming area of the dedicated electrode wiring; in at least a portion of a forming area of the dedicated liquid chamber, there is provided a non-film forming area; and, in an area including a piezoelectric element forming section, either the first insulating film and the fourth insulating film are formed in the non-film forming area, or the fourth insulating film is formed in the non-film forming area.

Abstract: Disclosed is an electromechanical transducer element that includes an electromechanical transducer film formed of a complex oxide (PZT) including lead (Pb), zirconium (Zr), and titanium (Ti). The electromechanical transducer film is formed by laminating plural PZT thin films until a thickness of the formed electromechanical transducer film becomes a predetermined thickness. When an atomic weight ratio (Pb/(Zr+Ti)) of average Pb included in the formed electromechanical transducer film is denoted by Pb(avg) and an atomic weight ratio (Pb/(Zr+Ti)) of Pb in any one of laminate interfaces of the plural PZT thin films is denoted by Pb(interface), the Pb(avg) is greater than or equal to 100 atomic percentage (at %) and less than or equal to 110 atomic percentage (at %), and a fluctuation ratio ?Pb=Pb(avg)?Pb(interface) of Pb in the laminate interface is less than or equal to 20 percent.

Abstract: An inkjet head is disclosed. In the inkjet head a vibrating plate is formed on a liquid chamber substrate on which multiple dedicated liquid chambers are aligned; a first insulating film and a second insulating film are formed between a dedicated electrode wiring and a lower electrode in an area in which the dedicated electrode wiring and the lower electrode overlap; a third insulating film and a fourth insulating film are stacked in an area which includes a forming area of the dedicated electrode wiring; in at least a portion of a forming area of the dedicated liquid chamber, there is provided a non-film forming area; and, in an area including a piezoelectric element forming section, either the first insulating film and the fourth insulating film are formed in the non-film forming area, or the fourth insulating film is formed in the non-film forming area.

Abstract: A disclosed inkjet head includes a liquid chamber formed by a space between a vibrating plate and a nozzle substrate and separated by partitions; a piezoelectric element formed by sequentially laminating a common electrode, a piezoelectric substance and an individual electrode over the space; first to fourth insulating films respectively having first to fourth openings; and a first wiring connected to the individual electrode and pulled through the first and second openings over the common electrode, wherein the first wiring passes through the third opening over the third insulating film, the first wiring is exposed from the fourth opening so as to be externally connected, and the third insulating film and the fourth insulating film are not partly formed above the liquid chamber and formed above the first wiring.

Abstract: An ink-jet head includes a nozzle plate having nozzles, a vibrating plate on the nozzle plate, liquid chambers formed of spaces partitioned by division walls, a piezoelectric element having a common electrode, a piezoelectric body and an individual electrode layered in this order on a surface of the vibrating plate, a first insulator film having a first opening and a second insulator film having a second opening layered in this order on the first surface, a first wire drawn from the individual electrode via the first opening and the second opening, a third insulator film having a third opening on the first wire; and a second wire drawn via the third opening, where the third insulator film is formed in a first region of the second insulator film and is not formed in a second region excluding a region including the first wire formed above the liquid chamber.

Abstract: A liquid ejecting head includes diffusion layers provided in areas opposing pressure generation chambers by doping impurities into a portion of a channel forming substrate, a detecting portion which detects variations in resistance values of the diffusion layers due to the deformation of vibration plates, and an adjustment portion which adjusts driving voltages applied to pressure generation elements on the basis of the detected result of the detecting portion. Accordingly, it is possible to acquire the displacement amounts of the vibration plates due to the driving of the pressure generation elements, by detecting the variations in resistance values of the diffusion layers due to the deformation of the vibration plates.