Abstract: A portable lighting device includes: a coherent light source; a shaping optical system that shapes coherent light emitted from the coherent light source; and a diffractive optical element that diffracts the coherent light shaped by the shaping optical system to a surface to be irradiated (IP). The diffractive optical element is rotatably supported. The surface to be irradiated is lighted in a pattern depending on a diffraction pattern of the diffractive optical element.

Abstract: An illumination apparatus that illuminates an illumination zone having a first direction and a second direction crossing the first direction is provided with a light source to emit a coherent light beam, and a diffraction optical device to diffract the coherent light beam incident from the light source. The diffraction optical device diffracts the incident coherent light beam so that a width of the illumination zone in the second direction gradually becomes wider along the first direction of the illumination zone from a nearer side to the diffraction optical device.

Abstract: An illumination apparatus that illuminates an illumination zone having a first direction and a second direction crossing the first direction is provided with a light source to emit a coherent light beam, and a diffraction optical device to diffract the coherent light beam incident from the light source. The diffraction optical device diffracts the incident coherent light beam so that a width of the illumination zone in the second direction gradually becomes wider along the first direction of the illumination zone from a nearer side to the diffraction optical device.

Abstract: A portable lighting device includes: a coherent light source; a shaping optical system that shapes coherent light emitted from the coherent light source; and a diffractive optical element that diffracts the coherent light shaped by the shaping optical system to a surface to be irradiated (IP). The diffractive optical element is rotatably supported. The surface to be irradiated is lighted in a pattern depending on a diffraction pattern of the diffractive optical element.

Abstract: An illumination apparatus that illuminates an illumination zone having a first direction and a second direction crossing the first direction is provided with a light source to emit a coherent light beam, and a diffraction optical device to diffract the coherent light beam incident from the light source. The diffraction optical device diffracts the incident coherent light beam so that a width of the illumination zone in the second direction gradually becomes wider along the first direction of the illumination zone from a nearer side to the diffraction optical device.

Abstract: There is provided a screen capable of sufficiently reducing speckles. A screen for displaying an image by being irradiated with a light beam from a projector, is provided with a plurality of particles each including a first part and a second part different in dielectric constant, a particle layer having the plurality of particles, and electrodes which form an electric field for driving the particles of the particle layer by applying a voltage to the particle layer.

Abstract: An illumination apparatus that illuminates an illumination zone having a first direction and a second direction crossing the first direction is provided with a light source to emit a coherent light beam, and a diffraction optical device to diffract the coherent light beam incident from the light source. The diffraction optical device diffracts the incident coherent light beam so that a width of the illumination zone in the second direction gradually becomes wider along the first direction of the illumination zone from a nearer side to the diffraction optical device.

Abstract: An illumination apparatus that illuminates an illumination zone having a first direction and a second direction crossing the first direction is provided with a light source to emit a coherent light beam, and a diffraction optical device to diffract the coherent light beam incident from the light source. The diffraction optical device diffracts the incident coherent light beam so that a width of the illumination zone in the second direction gradually becomes wider along the first direction of the illumination zone from a nearer side to the diffraction optical device.

Abstract: An illumination device has a coherent light source, an optical device that diffuses the plurality of coherent light beams and illuminates a predetermined illumination area, and a timing control unit that individually controls incident timing of the plurality of coherent light beams to the optical device or illumination timing of the illumination area, wherein the optical device has a plurality of diffusion regions, the diffusion regions being provided corresponding to the plurality of coherent light beams, the plurality of diffusion regions illuminate the illumination range by diffusion of incident coherent light beams, the plurality of diffusion regions have a plurality of element diffusion regions, the plurality of element diffusion regions illuminate partial regions in the illumination area by diffusion of incident coherent light beams, and at least parts of the partial regions illuminated by the plurality of element diffusion regions are different from one another.

Abstract: There is provided a screen capable of sufficiently reducing speckles. A screen for displaying an image by being irradiated with a light beam from a projector, is provided with a plurality of particles each including a first part and a second part different in dielectric constant, a particle layer having the plurality of particles, and electrodes which form an electric field for driving the particles of the particle layer by applying a voltage to the particle layer.

Abstract: An optical sheet, a screen, and a display apparatus capable of reducing speckles are provided. An optical sheet (50) includes a particle layer (55) including a transparent retaining part (56) having a predetermined thickness and a particle (60) that is accommodated in a cavity (56a) formed in the retaining part (56) and includes a first portion (61) and a second portion (62) having different dielectric constants. The first portion (61) includes a transparent first main portion (66a) and a first diffusion component (66b) that diffuses light. The second portion (62) includes a transparent second main portion (67a) and a second diffusion component (67b) that diffuses light. The first diffusion component (66b) and the second diffusion component (67b) have a diameter d satisfying the following conditional expression (1): 0.1 ?m?d?15 ?m??(1).

Abstract: There is provided a screen capable of sufficiently reducing speckles. A screen for displaying an image by being irradiated with a light beam from a projector, is provided with a plurality of particles each including a first part and a second part different in dielectric constant, a particle layer having the plurality of particles, and electrodes which form an electric field for driving the particles of the particle layer by applying a voltage to the particle layer.

Abstract: To provide a display device that makes speckles on a screen difficult to be visually recognized and allows an observer to easily observe an image projected on the screen easily. A display device includes a projector that emits coherent light, a screen that projects the coherent light emitted from the projector, and a first optical system that guides transmitted light or diffused light of the screen to an observing direction of an observer, and allows an observer to observe a real image or a virtual image of an image projected on the screen. The screen includes a plurality of particles including a first portion and a second portion, a particle layer having a plurality of particles, electrodes for applying a voltage to the particle layer to generate an electric field for driving the particles of the particle layer.

Abstract: Provided is an optical sheet which includes a plurality of particles and can sustain a speckle reduction effect over long periods of time, and which is used in a screen that is capable of displaying an image by being irradiated with light, the optical sheet including a particle layer having an insulating liquid, a holding layer, and a plurality of particles held rotatably in the holding layer. The particles include a first portion and a second portion, and are held in the holding layer so that the insulating liquid is present around the particles. The kinetic viscosity at 25° C. of the insulating liquid is 5.5 mm2/s or less.

Abstract: An illumination device has a coherent light source, an optical device that diffuses the plurality of coherent light beams and illuminates a predetermined illumination area, and a timing control unit that individually controls incident timing of the plurality of coherent light beams to the optical device or illumination timing of the illumination area, wherein the optical device has a plurality of diffusion regions, the diffusion regions being provided corresponding to the plurality of coherent light beams, the plurality of diffusion regions illuminate the illumination range by diffusion of incident coherent light beams, the plurality of diffusion regions have a plurality of element diffusion regions, the plurality of element diffusion regions illuminate partial regions in the illumination area by diffusion of incident coherent light beams, and at least parts of the partial regions illuminated by the plurality of element diffusion regions are different from one another.

Abstract: A screen includes a sheet member including a control layer that includes a plurality of particles or a predetermined liquid, and an electrode that applies a voltage to the control layer to drive the plurality of particles or the predetermined liquid. The plurality of particles or the predetermined liquid allows light emitted from a coherent light source disposed at a predetermined site to be transmitted or reflected, and the electrode causes at least one of movement and rotation of the plurality of particles to occur at the inside of the control layer in correspondence with the voltage, or causes the predetermined liquid to move at the inside of the control layer in correspondence with the voltage.

Abstract: An optical sheet 50 includes: a particle layer 55 that has a first side and a second side facing each other, the particle layer 55 including a holding section 56 that includes a cavity 56a and a particle 60 that is contained in the cavity 56a and includes a first polymer section 61 and a second polymer section 62; a first base material 51 provided on the first side of the particle layer 55; a second base material 52 provided on a second side of the particle layer 55; and diffusing sections 53 and 58 provided on the second side of the particle layer 55.

Abstract: An illumination device has a coherent light source, an optical device that diffuses the plurality of coherent light beams and illuminates a predetermined illumination area, and a timing control unit that individually controls incident timing of the plurality of coherent light beams to the optical device or illumination timing of the illumination area, wherein the optical device has a plurality of diffusion regions, the diffusion regions being provided corresponding to the plurality of coherent light beams, the plurality of diffusion regions illuminate the illumination range by diffusion of incident coherent light beams, the plurality of diffusion regions have a plurality of element diffusion regions, the plurality of element diffusion regions illuminate partial regions in the illumination area by diffusion of incident coherent light beams, and at least parts of the partial regions illuminated by the plurality of element diffusion regions are different from one another.

Abstract: An illumination apparatus that illuminates an illumination zone having a first direction and a second direction crossing the first direction is provided with a light source to emit a coherent light beam, and a diffraction optical device to diffract the coherent light beam incident from the light source. The diffraction optical device diffracts the incident coherent light beam so that a width of the illumination zone in the second direction gradually becomes wider along the first direction of the illumination zone from a nearer side to the diffraction optical device.

Abstract: To provide particles, an optical sheet, a screen, a display device, a particle inspection device, a particle manufacturing device, a particle inspection method, a particle manufacturing method, a screen inspection method, and a screen manufacturing method that are capable of reducing speckles and effectively avoiding deterioration in image quality due to a color change. The particles include a first moiety 61 and a second moiety 62 that have different dielectric constants. A reflectance or a reflectance spectrum at a wavelength of invisible light, or a transmittance or a transmittance spectrum at a wavelength of invisible light is different between the first moiety 61 and the second moiety 62.