Abstract: A percutaneous access path into a vertebral body is established. The vertebral body has an interior volume occupied, at least in part, by a cancellous bone. At least portion of the cancellous bone is compacted or otherwise conditioned, resulting in a cavity in the vertebral body. A bone filler material is conveyed into the cavity at a pressure less than approximately 400 pounds per square inch. The bone filler material can have a viscosity that resists extravazation in cancellous bone.

Abstract: An expandable device is provided that includes an expanded configuration and an unexpanded configuration. The expandable device is introduced into a selected vertebral body through a percutaneous access path while in the unexpanded condition. The expandable device is expanded while disposed within the cancellous bone volume from the unexpanded configuration toward the expanded configuration. The expansion is controlled so that the expandable device expands more in an inferior-to-superior direction than in a lateral direction.

Abstract: Systems for treating a bone, e.g. a vertebral body, having an interior volume occupied, at least in part, by cancellous bone provide a first tool, a second tool, and a third tool. The first tool establishes a percutaneous access path to bone. The second tool is sized and configured to be introduced through the percutaneous access path to form a void that occupies less than the interior volume. The third tool places within the void through the percutaneous access path a volume of filling material. Related methods for treating a bone, e.g. a vertebral body, having an interior volume occupied, at least in part, by cancellous bone provide establishing a percutaneous access path to bone. A tool is introduced through the percutaneous access path and manipulated to form a void that occupies less than the interior volume. A volume of filling material is then placed within the void through the percutaneous access path.