Abstract: Disclosed herein are methods of glucosylating a steviol glycoside. These methods can comprise providing a composition that comprises at least (i) water, (ii) sucrose, (iii) stevioside or rebaudioside A, and (iv) a glucosyltransferase enzyme that synthesizes alpha-1,6-glucan or a glucosyltransferase enzyme that synthesizes alpha-1,3-glucan, wherein at least one glucosylated form of the stevioside or rebaudioside A is produced in the composition. Such a composition can be a food product/precursor, for instance.

Abstract: Certain embodiments of the disclosure are directed to the expression/production of ?-galactosidases in recombinant Bacillus spp. host cells having reduced or eliminated para-nitrobenzylesterase activity.

Abstract: A method for providing a low lactose milk-based product having GOS fiber is provided in which a milk substrate having lactose is treated with a transgalactosylating enzyme to provide GOS fiber and remaining lactose; deactivating the transgalactosylating enzyme; contacting the milk-based substrate having GOS fiber with a lactase to degrade the remaining lactose to provide the low lactose milk-based product having GOS fiber and deactivating the lactase. Also provided are enzymes and GOS fiber and lactose amounts and stability.

Abstract: This specification relates to a method for reducing the amount of lactose in a milk-based substrate containing lactose, wherein said method comprises contacting said substrate with an enzyme having neutral lactase activity at a temperature of more than about 50° C., and wherein said lactase reduces the amount of lactose in said substrate by at least about 70%.

Abstract: A host cell capable of expressing a polypeptide having ?-galactosidase and/or transgalactosylating activity and which host cell is modified to be cellulase, mannanase and pectinase deficient.

Abstract: Certain embodiments of the disclosure are directed to modified Bacillus spp. host cells expressing/producing ?-galactosidase and/or lactase enzymes and the use of such enzymes for the production of galactooligosaccharide (GOS) compositions in one or more dairy related end products. More particularly, certain embodiments are directed to expressing/producing such ?-galactosidase and/or lactase enzymes in modified Bacillus spp. host cells, wherein such enzymes produced and purified from the modified Bacillus host cells are free of unwanted/undesirable enzymatic side activities including, but not limited to, unwanted/undesirable lipase side activities, phospholipase side activities, side activities, cellulase side activities, pectinase side activities, amylase side activities, protease side activities, mannanase side activities and the like.

Abstract: A host cell capable of expressing a polypeptide having ?-galactosidase and/or transgalactosylating activity and which host cell is modified to be cellulase, mannanase and pectinase deficient.