Abstract: A superconducting electronic device utilizes a weak link (Josephson junction) between two regions of superconductor material. A method of making such a device having a granular structure consists of taking a substrate with a predetermined grain size, and forming a thin film of superconducting ceramic upon it. The film adopts the grain size and structure of the substrate, and the film is then processed to form two relatively large areas of granular film connected by a thin link which contains a single grain boundary which acts as the weak link.

Abstract: An X-ray source apparatus contains an X-ray target which emits X-ray when bombarded with electrons from an electron source. A strong magnetic field, e.g. from a superconducting solenoid, having curved lines of magnetic flux interlinks the target and electron source. The magnetic field has sufficient strength over the entire electron path of travel to constrain the electrons emitted from the source with components at angles to the magnetic field to execute helical paths about the field lines to the target. An aperture means is positioned to block the straight line paths between the source and the target but permits the passage of substantially all electrons traveling along the lines of flux.

Abstract: A bridge scraper is mounted on a main frame for vertical pivotal movement between a raised inoperative position and an operative position, where the bridge extends generally horizontally and is in wheeled engagement with an outer track of a dump, a scraper chain carried by the bridge extends along the bridge and in an operative position scrapes bulk material from the dump toward the main frame. A slope-breaking assembly is carried by the bridge and is engageable with the dump when the bridge is operative, a rocker mounted on the frame for vertical pivotal movement, has a counterweight arm extending away from the bridge, a linkage connecting the rocker to the bridge is arranged to hold the counterweight arm in a substantially horizontal position when the bridge is operative and imparts a downward pivotal movement to the counterweight arm as said bridge is raised. A bridge-actuating arrangement moves the bridge between inoperative and operative positions.

Abstract: A column disposed at the center of a circular track carries a first rocker, which is provided with first roller means. An outer support is movable on wheels along said truck and carries a second rocker, which is provided with second roller means. A bridge extends between said column and said outer support and has a length which exceeds the distance between said rockers and comprises an enclosure that extends virtually throughout the length of said bridge and defines therein a peripherally enclosed cavity. Said enclosure comprises a top wall formed with a slot which extends from a point near said column away from the latter and is adapted to be closed by a cover. An endless belt conveyor is arranged in said cavity and adapted to be charged through said slot with material to be loaded. Shifting means are operable to shift said bridge in its longitudinal direction.