Abstract: A process for producing a slurry of a pulverized carbonaceous material having a predetermined particle size distribution with a certain average particle size and a certain maximum particle size is described.

Abstract: Textiles are washed in a fluid dry cleaning composition in the form of a microemulsion of an aqueous phase in perchloroethylene, comprising as the principal ingredients:______________________________________ Percent by Weight ______________________________________ Perchloroethylene 65-93.8 Emulsifier composed of a mixture of 2-6 (a) a calcium salt of an alkyl-aryl sulphonic acid with a total of 14 to 22 carbon atoms; and (b) a non-ionic surface-active hydrophobic alkylene oxide adduct, in which the alkylene oxide is in the form of ethylene oxide or a mixture of ethylene oxide and alkylene oxide with 3 to 4 carbon atoms, and in which the hydrophobic part of the adduct has from 8 to 30 carbon atoms, in a weight ratio (a):(b) within the range 1:4 to 3:1 Aliphatic monoalcohol having from 4 to 0.2-4 10 carbon atoms Water 4-20 the ratio of the weight of the water to the weight of the emulsifier being in excess of 2:1.

Abstract: An aqueous slurry of a solid fuel and a process for producing said slurry are described. The aqueous slurry consists of a highly concentrated slurry of a pulverized, carbonaceous material having a particle size of at most 0.5 mm, and 0.02-2% by weight of at least one additive. The solids content of the slurry is 65-90% by weight, preferably 70-80% by weight. The slurry is characterized in that the additive includes a water-soluble surface active compound which is an ethylene oxide adduct having the following formula:RO(CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 O).sub.n Hwherein R is an aliphatic or acyl group with 10 to 24 carbon atoms or a substituted aryl group with 12-54 carbon atoms; and n is at least 40 but less than 100; or n is 40-200 in which latter case the ratio of ethylene oxide units to the number of carbon atoms in the group R is 3.5-6.0 when R is an aliphatic or acyl group and 3.0-5.5 when R is a substituted aryl group.

Abstract: An aqueous slurry of a solid fuel and a process and a means for producing said slurry are described. The aqueous slurry comprises a highly concentrated slurry of a pulverized, carbonaceous material having a particle size of at most 0.5 mm, and 0.02-2% by weight of at least two surface active additives. The solids content of the slurry is 65-90% by weight, preferably 70-80% by weight. The slurry is characterized in that the surface active additives include, as a major part, a water-soluble nonionic surface active agent which is an alkylene oxide adduct with a hydrophobic part and a hydrophilic part, said hydrophilic part consisting of at least one polyalkylene oxide chain with a length of at least 40, preferably 50-150 ethylene oxide units; and, as a minor part, an ionic surface active agent.The ionic surface active agent preferably has the general formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are hydrogen or an alkyl group with 1-22 carbon atoms, provided that the sum of the number of carbon atoms of R.sub.

Abstract: A process for froth flotation of phosphate ore with a high content of carbonate, carried out in the presence of a hydrophilic polysaccharide and an amphoteric compound.

Abstract: A pumpable aqueous slurry of a solid fuel in the form of a pulverized, carbonaceous material and a process for the production of such slurry are described. The aqueous slurry comprises a component which consists of coarse grains of carbonaceous material having a particle size of up to 25 mm, and a further component which consists of a carrier liquid in which the coarse-grained carbonaceous material is suspended. The carrier liquid proper has a solids content of 65-90% by weight and consists of water and pulverized, carbonaceous material having a particle size of at most 0.5 mm, preferably at most 350 .mu.m, and 0.02-2% by weight of at least one additive including a water-soluble surface active compound which consists of an alkylene oxide adduct having a hydrophobic part and a hydrophilic part, said hydrophilic part consisting of a polyalkylene oxide chain, preferably a polyethylene oxide chain, having a length of 40-200 alkylene oxide units.

Abstract: The invention relates to new surface-active quaternary ammonium compounds having the general formula: ##STR1## wherein: R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are each hydrocarbon groups having from about twelve to about forty carbon atoms;R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 are selected from the group consisting of methyl, ethyl and hydroxyethyl;A is an oxyalkylene group derived from both ethylene oxide and propylene oxide, having a ratio of oxyethylene units to the total number of oxyalkylene groups within the range from about 1:6 to about 5:6;m is a number corresponding to the valence of X;n.sub.1 and n.sub.2 represent the average number of oxyalkylene units and are within the range from about 6 to about 30; andX is an anion.The compounds impart to the treated textiles and cellulosic materials a reduced tendency to retain an electrostatic charge and/or improved softness and/or reduced mechanical strength due to a reduction in interfiber bonding, and at the same time preserve good hydrophilic properties.

Abstract: The present invention specifies an esterified dicarboxylic acid of the general formula ##STR1## in which R.sup.I is an aliphatic hydrocarbon group with 7-21 carbon atoms, R.sup.II is a hydrocarbon radical with 2-6 carbon atoms and A is an alkylene oxide group derived from an alkylene oxide with 2-4 carbon atoms. Particularly preferred are compounds in which A relates to a group derived from ethylene oxide and in which R.sup.II is --CH.dbd.CH-- or the phenylene group --C.sub.6 H.sub.4 --. The compound exhibits selective properties when used in the flotation of oxide and salt type minerals.

Abstract: During mechanical working, an aqueous lubricant composition is used as a lubricating and cooling agent, which contains an ether phosphate as a lubricating agent. A concentrate suitable for use as a lubricant after dilution with water is also described.

Abstract: A process for the froth flotation of calcium phosphate-containing minerals is provided which comprises carrying out the flotation in the presence of an amphoteric flotation agent having the general formula: ##STR1## wherein: R is a hydrocarbon group having from about seven to about twenty-four carbon atoms;A is an oxyalkylene group having from two to about four carbon atoms;R.sub.1 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and hydrocarbon groups having from one to about four carbon atoms;Y.sup.- is selected from the group consisting of COO.sup.- and SO.sub.3.sup.- ;n is a number from 0 to 1;p is a number from 0 to 5;q is a number from 1 to 2;and salts thereof.

Abstract: Hydrocarbon oils containing 1 to 10% emulsified water are provided, having as the emulsifier:(a) a nonionic surface-active ethylene oxide adduct having the general formula: ##STR1## in which: n.sub.1 =1 to 5;n.sub.2 =a number selected to give a polyethylene glycol chain in a weight percent within the range from about 50 to about 60% by weight of the adduct;R=alkyl of from about one to about twenty-four carbon atoms, the alkylphenyl group having from about twelve to about thirty carbon atoms; and(b) the calcium salt of dodecylbenzene sulphonic acid.The weight ratio nonionic surface-active ethylene oxide adduct to calcium salt of dodecylbenzene sulphonic acid is from about 80:20 to about 40:60. The emulsifier emulsifies from 1 to 10% by weight of water in the hydrocarbon oil.

Abstract: A process is provided for the separation of nonfibrous material from mineral wool fibers which comprises dispersing the fibers in an aqueous solution comprising a surfactant having at least one hydrophobic group containing at least eight carbon atoms and at least one cationic hydrophilic group having at least one nitrogen or sulfur atom, such as a quaternary ammonium surfactant. The fibrous material is dispersible in the surfactant solution, while the nonfibrous material is not and consequently can be separated by centrifuging or settling and decantation.