Abstract: A method and apparatus are provided for direct casting molten metal to continuous strip of crystalline material by controlling the supply of molten metal to a casting vessel substantially horizontal to an adjacent moving casting roll surface, the molten metal level in the exit end being near the crest of the casting roll, separating a semi-solid cast strip substantially horizontally from near the crest of the casting roll and providing secondary cooling while transporting the separated strip to solidify the strip.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are provided for direct casting molten metal to continuous strip of crystalline material by controlling the supply of molten metal to a casting vessel substantially horizontal to an adjacent moving casting roll surface, the molten metal level in the exit end being near the crest of the casting roll, separating a semi-solid cast strip substantially horizontally from near the crest of the casting roll and providing secondary cooling while transporting the separated strip to solidify the strip.

Abstract: The apparatus utilizes twin casting drums and a cast-on site removed from a sump formed between the two drums. The apparatus forms a completely uniform continuous metal sheet without a molten center when the sheet emerges from between the casting drums. Complete solidification of the metal sheet does not take place on a single casting drum, allowing for sheeting of substantially greater thickness to be uniformly cast.

Abstract: When continuously casting a thin strip, metal melt is cast onto the drum surface of a first casting drum. A casting gap is formed by a second casting drum spaced apart with its drum surface from the first casting drum by the thickness of the strip. Strand shells form on the drum surfaces of the first and second casting drums. In order to enable the casting of strips having different thicknesses, a sump is formed at a distance from the cast-on site of metal melt on the drum surface of the first casting drum. Between the sump and the cast-on site on the drum surface of the first casting drum, a strand shell of a predetermied thickness is formed. The casting gap is adjusted in a position on the circumference of the first casting drum such that the two strand shells formed on the drum surfaces in terms of their maximum thickness, in total, correspond at least the thickness of the cast strip.

Abstract: The jet exiting from jet nozzles is guided along a guide surface for a jet nozzle with one or more nozzle channels disposed next to each other and in parallel, where the hydraulic diameter of the nozzle channels is from about 1.5 to 4 millimeters. In order to limit sharply and without spray the jet exiting out of the jet nozzle crosswise to its axis on the sides and in order to maintain it of uniform width over a large part of its length, the guide surface is of concave shape, the nozzle channels merge without step into the cylindrical jacket surface, the axes of the nozzle channels and the guide surface include an angle of from 0.5 and 2.5 degrees, and the guide surface is provided with a tear-off provision with a cutting edge.

Abstract: A system is provided for limiting the parameters of the motion of a billet in a bow-type continuous casting plant. The stiffness of the billet is determined from values of the motion of the elements of the billet and/or from properties of the advancing billet as picked up by sensing elements. The determined values are compared with preset limiting values for parameters such as the maximum residual withdrawal time, the maximum still permissible stoppage time period and/or the permissible minimum withdrawal speed. If the limiting values are exceeded a signal is provided by a computing provision and fed to an alarm or is used to trigger a shut-off of the continuous casting process.