Abstract: A method is provided for producing a green paper for producing a gas diffusion layer (GDL) for a fuel cell. A use is described of an accordingly produced gas diffusion layer (GDL) in a fuel cell. A first paper web is loaded with metal powder and/or metal fibers, and a microporous layer (MPL) is in the form of at least one coating is applied onto the paper web. The paper web is then subjected to a binder removal process, a sintering process, a coating process, atomic layer deposition (ALD) using thermal ALD methods, and optionally additional process steps in order to obtain the final GDL. After the sintering process, all of the organic components of the green paper are pyrolyzed and thus no longer contained in the GDL, and the GDL consists virtually exclusively of a metal framework.

Abstract: A green paper is provided for producing a gas diffusion layer (GDL) for a fuel cell. A process is for producing a green paper for producing a gas diffusion layer (GDL) for a fuel cell. The green paper includes at least one first, watermarked paper web. The watermark forms the patterning for the flow field or gas distribution structure of the gas diffusion layer (GDL) produced from the green paper. The first paper web is admixed with metal powder and/or metal fibres. The eventual GDL is formed after debindering, sintering, coating, deposition of atomic layers (ALD—atomic layer deposition) and further operating steps.

Abstract: A method is provided for producing a green paper for producing a gas diffusion layer (GDL) for a fuel cell. A first paper web is formed, and a second paper web is formed, which are brought together with and rigidly connected to the first paper web while still wet. The first paper web and the second paper web are mixed with metal powder and/or metal fibers and together form the green paper, optionally together with additional components and/or coatings. The final GDL is provided after a binding-removal process, a sintering process, a coating process, a (thermal) deposition process (atomic layer deposition process, ALD), and optionally additional process steps.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a value document includes: providing a value document substrate; printing the value document substrate with magnetically orientable effect pigments which are dispersed in a UV-curable lacquer; the step of exposing the lacquer containing the magnetically orientable effect pigments to a dynamic magnetic field; the step of irradiating the lacquer containing the effect pigments with UV radiation; and optionally the step of embossing the cured or at least partially cured UV lacquer.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a value document includes: providing a value document substrate; printing the value document substrate with magnetically orientable effect pigments which are dispersed in a UV-curable lacquer; the step of exposing the lacquer containing the magnetically orientable effect pigments to a dynamic magnetic field; the step of irradiating the lacquer containing the effect pigments with UV radiation; and optionally the step of embossing the cured or at least partially cured UV lacquer.

Abstract: A value and safety document comprises a substrate having a front side and a back side. An ink layer is applied to the front or back sides of the substrate. A first motif is incorporated into the ink layer, and is combined with a second motif. The second motif is arranged on the same side of the substrate as the first motif. The second motif is configured in the form of an emboss structure comprising a plurality of raised emboss elements having areas of different orientation. The emboss structure forms the second motif having a second tilt or motion effect, by different groups of emboss elements, having different characteristic parameters, reflecting incident light in different spatial areas. The emboss elements have respectively a lateral dimension of less than 30 ?m and a height of less than 10 ?m. The first motif is adapted at least partially to the second motif.

Abstract: A value and safety document comprises a substrate having a front side and a back side. An ink layer is applied to the front or back sides of the substrate. A first motif is incorporated into the ink layer, and is combined with a second motif. The second motif is arranged on the same side of the substrate as the first motif. The second motif is configured in the form of an emboss structure comprising a plurality of raised emboss elements having areas of different orientation. The emboss structure forms the second motif having a second tilt or motion effect, by different groups of emboss elements, having different characteristic parameters, reflecting incident light in different spatial areas. The emboss elements have respectively a lateral dimension of less than 30 ?m and a height of less than 10 ?m. The first motif is adapted at least partially to the second motif.

Abstract: A multilayer card-shaped data carrier has a core layer based on paper, with an individualization formed in the layer. At least a part of the area of the data carrier is deformed into a relief which has a viewing angle-dependent optical effect and which extends into the core layer through the cover layer.

Abstract: A security element includes an optically variable structure having a multiplicity of first embossed structures each including at least two flanks which converge at at least one certain angle. In at least one first partial region of the optically variable structure, at least one flank of the first embossed structures respectively has at least one additional embossed structure which is mounted on the flank of the first embossed structures or inserted into the flank of the first embossed structures. The geometry of the at least one additional embossed structure is executed to be at least near-inverse to the geometry of that flank of the first embossed structure on which the at least one additional embossed structure is mounted or inserted.

Abstract: There is proposed a multilayer card-shaped data carrier (1) having a core layer (2) based on paper, with an individualization (5) formed in said layer. At least a part of the area of the data carrier (1) is deformed into a relief (10) which has a viewing angle-dependent optical effect and which extends into the core layer (2) through the cover layer (4).

Abstract: A multilayer card-shaped data carrier has a core layer based on paper, with an individualization formed in the layer. At least a part of the area of the data carrier is deformed into a relief which has a viewing angle-dependent optical effect and which extends into the core layer through the cover layer.

Abstract: The invention relates to a value document, especially a banknote, having a sequence of layers into which visually and/or mechanically perceptible identifiers in the form of patterns, letters, numbers or images are introduced by the action of laser radiation. According to the present invention, the sequence of layers includes a marking layer (22) composed of an ink mixture (24, 26) exhibiting a laser-radiation-absorbing mixture component (26) and a laser-radiation-transparent mixture component (24), the identifiers being visually and/or mechanically perceptible due to an irreversible change in the optical properties of the ink mixture (24, 26), effected by the action of the laser radiation.

Abstract: A security element includes an optically variable structure having a multiplicity of first embossed structures each including at least two flanks which converge at at least one certain angle. In at least one first partial region of the optically variable structure, at least one flank of the first embossed structures respectively has at least one additional embossed structure which is mounted on the flank of the first embossed structures or inserted into the flank of the first embossed structures. The geometry of the at least one additional embossed structure is executed to be at least near-inverse to the geometry of that flank of the first embossed structure on which the at least one additional embossed structure is mounted or inserted.

Abstract: The invention relates to a value document, such as bank note, passport or the like, which has a security paper and a marking produced with the help of a laser, the security paper having at least one partial area with a coating, and the marking extending over the border area between coating and security paper. Further, the invention relates to a security paper and methods for producing an inventive value document and security paper.

Abstract: A screen for producing two-level watermarks is produced by completely closing part of the screen with a viscous sealing compound, which is subsequently cured actively or passively. At the thus closed partial areas of the screen, paper deposit is hindered during papermaking so that the finished paper appears light in transmission in the areas. A mask is used for exactly positioning the sealing compound in the partial areas of the screen and/or for curing the sealing compound only in the given partial areas, whereby in the latter case the uncured areas of the sealing compound are washed out.

Abstract: Scanning apparatuses for scanning bar codes applied to documents have a reflector arrangement having either a variable reflection element or a light guide system. The reflection element or light guide system serves to deflect the beam path of the electromagnetic radiation emitted by a radiation source or an illumination device in the document plane along a line substantially perpendicular to the feed direction of the document, or to capture it, and to relay it to a detector.

Abstract: The invention relates to a value document, especially a banknote, having an individualizing mark that is applied at least once each to the front and the reverse of the value document. Here, at least one of the individualizing identifiers applied to the front and reverse is applied to the value document with a non-contact method.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a data carrier, especially a value document, such as a banknote, an identification card or the like, having a security element (20) that exhibits a print image (22) and a laser marking (24) at least partially overlapping the print image (22). According to the present invention, the security element (20) further exhibits, at least partially overlapping the print image (22), a laser modification area (26) that is in register with the laser marking (24) and in whose overlap area (28) with the print image (22) the visual appearance of the print image (22) is modified by the action of a laser beam.

Abstract: The invention relates to a security element with an optically variable structure, which has an embossed structure and a coating, wherein the embossed structure and the coating are combined such that at least parts of the coating are completely visible upon perpendicular viewing, but are concealed upon oblique viewing. This embossed structure has nonlinear embossed elements, which are combined with the coating such that when changing the viewing direction different pieces of information become visible.

Abstract: The invention relates to a data carrier having a security element that is at lest visually testable and has an embossing in at least a partial area, the embossing being a halftone blind embossing executed by inkless line intaglio printing, and to a method for producing the data carrier and a printing plate for blind-embossing a security element.