Patents by Inventor Kary B. Mullis
Kary B. Mullis has filed for patents to protect the following inventions. This listing includes patent applications that are pending as well as patents that have already been granted by the United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO).
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Patent number: 5436115Abstract: Photochemical systems for the direct visualization of exposure to ultraviolet radiation that effect visible color changes involving a process in which a photoacid is formed upon irradiation of a nitro-substituted aromatic aldehyde with ultraviolet light and wherein proton transfer to a dye causes the dye to undergo a visible color change. The system undergoes such color change to an extent directly proportional to the cumulative amount of ultraviolet incident thereupon.Type: GrantFiled: June 2, 1993Date of Patent: July 25, 1995Assignee: Xytronyx, Inc.Inventor: Kary B. Mullis
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Patent number: 5386022Abstract: The presence or absence of a nucleic acid sequence associated with AIDS in a sample containing one or more nucleic acids and suspected of containing such sequence can be detected by amplifying the sequence using primers to form extension products as templates and detecting the amplified product if it is present. This may be accomplished by adding a labeled hybridization probe to the amplified product either free in solution or after immobilization on a solid support. Exemplary primers and probes for amplifying and detecting AIDS virus are provided.Type: GrantFiled: July 16, 1993Date of Patent: January 31, 1995Assignee: Hoffman-La Roche Inc.Inventors: John J. Sninsky, Shirley Y. Kwok, David Mack, Henry A. Erlich, Kary B. Mullis
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Patent number: 5333675Abstract: There is disclosed herein a machine for performing nucleic acid amplification under computer control. The machine utilizes any one of a number of heating and cooling systems under control of a host computer which directs the heating and cooling systems to heat and cool a reaction-chamber-containing heat exchanger at appropriate times in the process. The reaction chambers are pre-loaded with the nucleic acid(s) to be amplified, a thermostable enzyme to catalyze polymerization, specific oligonucleotide primers, and four different nucleotide triphosphates. Also disclosed is the process for the amplification chain reaction implemented by the machine, which utilizes a thermostable enzyme.Type: GrantFiled: February 22, 1993Date of Patent: August 2, 1994Assignee: Hoffmann-La Roche Inc.Inventors: Kary B. Mullis, Larry Johnson, Richard A. Leath, Timothy J. Wennberg, Louis M. Mezei, Joseph T. Widunas
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Patent number: 5234824Abstract: The present invention provides a method for rapidly obtaining substantially pure DNA from a biological sample containing cells. The method involves gently lysing the membranes of the cells to yield a lysate containing genomic DNA in a high molecular weight form. The lysate is moved through a porous filter to selectively trap the high molecular weight DNA on the filter. The DNA is released from the filter using an aqueous solution to form a solution containing substantially purified DNA, from which the DNA may analyzed or recovered.Type: GrantFiled: June 2, 1992Date of Patent: August 10, 1993Assignee: Specialty Laboratories, Inc.Inventor: Kary B. Mullis
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Patent number: 5187083Abstract: The present invention provides a method for rapidly obtaining substantially pure DNA from a biological sample containing cells. The method involves gently lysing the membranes of the cells to yield a lysate containing genomic DNA in a high molecular weight form. The lysate is moved through a porous filter to selectively trap the high molecular weight DNA on the filter. The DNA is released from the filter using an aqueous solution to form a solution containing substantially purified DNA, from which the DNA is recovered.Type: GrantFiled: November 13, 1990Date of Patent: February 16, 1993Assignee: Specialty Laboratories, Inc.Inventor: Kary B. Mullis
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Patent number: 5176995Abstract: The presence or absence of a nucleic acid sequence associated with one or more related viruses in a sample containing one or more nucleic acids and suspected of containing such sequence can be detected by amplifying the sequence using primers to form extension products as templates and detecting the amplified product if it is present. This may be accomplished by adding a labeled hybridization probe to the amplified product either free in solution or after immobilization on a solid support. Preferably the virus constitutes AIDs viruses and hepadnaviruses.Type: GrantFiled: August 15, 1989Date of Patent: January 5, 1993Assignee: Hoffmann-La Roche Inc.Inventors: John J. Sninsky, Shirley Y. Kwok, David H. Mack, Henry A. Ehrlich, Kary B. Mullis
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Patent number: 5028792Abstract: Photochemical systems for the direct visualization of exposure to ultraviolet radiation that effect visible color changes involving a process in which a photoacid is formed upon irradiation of a nitro-substituted aromatic aldehyde with ultraviolet light and wherein proton transfer to a dye causes the dye to undergo a visible color change. The system undergoes such color change to an extent directly proportional to the cumulative amount of ultraviolet incident thereupon.Type: GrantFiled: April 27, 1989Date of Patent: July 2, 1991Assignee: Xytronyx, Inc.Inventor: Kary B. Mullis
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Process for amplifying, detecting, and/or cloning nucleic acid sequences using a thermostable enzyme
Patent number: 4965188Abstract: A process for amplifying any target nucleic acid sequence contained in a nucleic acid or mixture thereof comprises treating separate complementary strands of the nucleic acid with a molar excess of two oligonucleotide primers and extending the primers with a thermostable enzyme to form complementary primer extension products which act as templates for synthesizing the desired nucleic acid sequence. The amplified sequence can be readily detected. The steps of the reaction can be repeated as often as desired and involve temperature cycling to effect hybridization, promotion of activity of the enzyme, and denaturation of the hybrids formed.Type: GrantFiled: June 17, 1987Date of Patent: October 23, 1990Assignee: Cetus CorporationInventors: Kary B. Mullis, Henry A. Erlich, David H. Gelfand, Glenn Horn, Randall K. Saiki -
Patent number: 4803297Abstract: Nucleic acids may be labeled by intercalating the alkylating intercalation moiety of a labeling reagent into a partially double-stranded nucleic acid to form a complex and activating the complex to cause covalent bonding between the reagent and the nucleic acid. Preferably, the labeled nucleic acid is hybridization probe for detecting nucleic acid sequences capable of hybridizing with a hybridizing region of the nucleic acid. Also preferably the label moiety is non-radioactive. The labeling reagent is of the formula:[A--[B--Lwhere A is an alkylating intercalation moiety, B is a divalent organic moiety of the formula: ##STR1## where Y is O, NH or N--CHO, x is a number from 1 to 4, y is a number from 2 to 4, and L is a monovalent label moiety, wherein B is exclusive of any portion of the intercalation and label moieties.Preferably A is a 4-methylene-substituted psoralen moiety, and most preferably A is a 4'-methylene-substituted-4,5',8-trimethylpsoralen moiety and L is biotin.Type: GrantFiled: July 13, 1987Date of Patent: February 7, 1989Assignee: Cetus CorporationInventors: Corey H. Levenson, Kary B. Mullis
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Patent number: 4800159Abstract: The present invention is directed to a process for amplifying and detecting any target nucleic acid sequence contained in a nucleic acid or mixture thereof. The process comprises treating separate complementary strands of the nucleic acid with a molar excess of two oligonucleotide primers, extending the primers to form complementary primer extension products which act as templates for synthesizing the desired nucleic acid sequence, and detecting the sequence so amplified. The steps of the reaction may be carried out stepwise or simultaneously and can be repeated as often as desired.In addition, a specific nucleic acid sequence may be cloned into a vector by using primers to amplify the sequence, which contain restriction sites on their non-complementary ends, and a nucleic acid fragment may be prepared from an existing shorter fragment using the amplification process.Type: GrantFiled: December 17, 1986Date of Patent: January 24, 1989Assignee: Cetus CorporationInventors: Kary B. Mullis, Henry A. Erlich, Norman Arnheim, Glenn T. Horn, Randall K. Saiki, Stephen J. Scharf
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Patent number: 4754065Abstract: Nucleic acids may be labeled by intercalating the alkylating intercalation moiety of a labeling reagent into a partially double-stranded nucleic acid to form a complex and activating the complex to cause covalent bonding between the reagent and the nucleic acid. Preferably, the labeled nucleic acid is a hybridization probe for detecting nucleic acid sequences capable of hybridizing with a hybridizing region of the nucleic acid. Also preferably the label moiety is non-radioactive. The labeling reagent is of the formula:[A] [B] Lwhere A is an alkylating intercalation moiety, B is a divalent organic moiety of the formula: ##STR1## where Y is O, NH or N--CHO, x is a number from 1 to 4, y is a number from 2 to 4, and L is a monovalent label moiety, wherein B is exclusive of any portion of the intercalation and label moieties.Preferably A is a 4-methylene-substituted psoralen moiety, and most preferably A is a 4'-methylene-substituted-4,5',8-trimethylpsoralen moiety and L is biotin.Type: GrantFiled: July 13, 1987Date of Patent: June 28, 1988Assignee: Cetus CorporationInventors: Corey H. Levenson, Kary B. Mullis
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Patent number: 4751313Abstract: Nucleic acids may be labeled by intercalating the alkylating intercalation moiety of a labeling reagent into a partially double-stranded nucleic acid to form a complex and activating the complex to cause covalent bonding between the reagent and the nucleic acid. Preferably, the labeled nucleic acid is a hybridization probe for detecting nucleic acid sequences capable of hybridizing with a hybridizing region of the nucleic acid. Also preferably the label moiety is non-radioactive. The labeling reagent is of the formula:[A][B]Lwhere A is an alkylating intercalation moiety, B is a divalent organic moiety of the formula: ##STR1## where Y is O, NH or N--CHO, x is a number from 1 to 4, y is a number from 2 to 4, and L is a monovalent label moiety, wherein B is exclusive of any portion of the intercalation and label moieties.Preferably A is a 4-methylene-substituted psoralen moiety, and most preferably A is a 4'-methylene-substituted-4,5',8-trimethylpsoralen moeity and L is biotin.Type: GrantFiled: July 13, 1987Date of Patent: June 14, 1988Assignee: Cetus CorporationInventors: Corey H. Levenson, Kary B. Mullis
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Patent number: 4705886Abstract: Nucleic acids may be labeled by intercalating the alkylating intercalation moiety of a labeling reagent into a partially double-stranded nucleic acid to form a complex and activating the complex to cause covalent bonding between the reagent and the nucleic acid. Preferably, the labeled nucleic acid is a hybridization probe for detecting nucleic acid sequences capable of hybridizing with a hybridizing region of the nucleic acid. Also preferably the label moiety is non-radioactive. The labeling reagent is of the formula:[A--[B--Lwhere A is an alkylating intercalation moiety, B is a divalent organic moiety of the formula: ##STR1## where Y is O, NH or N--CHO, x is a number from 1 to 4, y is a number from 2 to 4, and L is a monovalent label moiety, wherein B is exclusive of any portion of the intercalation and label moieties.Preferably A is a 4-methylene-substituted psoralen moiety, and most preferably A is a 4'-methylene-substituted-4,5', 8-trimethylpsoralen moiety and L is biotin.Type: GrantFiled: July 21, 1986Date of Patent: November 10, 1987Assignee: Cetus CorporationInventors: Corey H. Levenson, Kary B. Mullis
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Patent number: 4683202Abstract: The present invention is directed to a process for amplifying any desired specific nucleic acid sequence contained in a nucleic acid or mixture thereof. The process comprises treating separate complementary strands of the nucleic acid with a molar excess of two oligonucleotide primers, and extending the primers to form complementary primer extension products which act as templates for synthesizing the desired nucleic acid sequence. The steps of the reaction may be carried out stepwise or simultaneously and can be repeated as often as desired.Type: GrantFiled: October 25, 1985Date of Patent: July 28, 1987Assignee: Cetus CorporationInventor: Kary B. Mullis
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Patent number: 4683195Abstract: The present invention is directed to a process for amplifying and detecting any target nucleic acid sequence contained in a nucleic acid or mixture thereof. The process comprises treating separate complementary strands of the nucleic acid with a molar excess of two oligonucleotide primers, extending the primers to form complementary primer extension products which act as templates for synthesizing the desired nucleic acid sequence, and detecting the sequence so amplified. The steps of the reaction may be carried out stepwise or simultaneously and can be repeated as often as desired.In addition, a specific nucleic acid sequence may be cloned into a vector by using primers to amplify the sequence, which contain restriction sites on their non-complementary ends, and a nucleic acid fragment may be prepared from an existing shorter fragment using the amplification process.Type: GrantFiled: February 7, 1986Date of Patent: July 28, 1987Assignee: Cetus CorporationInventors: Kary B. Mullis, Henry A. Erlich, Norman Arnheim, Glenn T. Horn, Randall K. Saiki, Stephen J. Scharf
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Patent number: 4617261Abstract: Nucleic acids may be labeled by intercalating the alkylating intercalation moiety of a labeling reagent into a partially double-stranded nucleic acid to form a complex and activating the complex to cause covalent bonding between the reagent and the nucleic acid. Preferably, the labeled nucleic acid is a hybridization probe for detecting nucleic acid sequences capable of hybridizing with a hybridizing region of the nucleic acid. Also preferably the label moiety is non-radioactive. The labeling reagent is of the formula:[A--[B--Lwhere A is an alkylating intercalation moiety, B is a divalent organic moiety of the formula: ##STR1## where Y is O, NH or N--CHO, x is a number from 1 to 4, y is a number from 2 to 4, and L is a monovalent label moiety, wherein B is exclusive of any portion of the intercalation and label moieties.Preferably A is a 4-methylene-substituted psoralen moiety, and most preferably A is a 4'-methylene-substituted-4,5',8-trimethylpsoralen moeity and L is biotin.Type: GrantFiled: October 25, 1985Date of Patent: October 14, 1986Assignee: Cetus CorporationInventors: Edward L. Sheldon, III, Corey H. Levenson, Kary B. Mullis, Henry Rapoport, Robert M. Watson
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Patent number: 4582789Abstract: A labeling reagent of the formula:[A][B]Lis prepared where A is an alkylating intercalation moiety, B is a divalent organic spacer arm moiety with a straight chain of at least two carbon atoms, and L is a monovalent label moiety capable of producing a detectable signal, e.g., a signal detectable by spectroscopic, photochemical, chemical, immunochemical or biochemical means. Preferably A is a 4'-methylene-substituted psoralen moiety, and most preferably A is a 4'-methylene-substituted 4,5',8-trimethylpsoralen moiety.This reagent may be used to label nucleic acids, preferably DNA, by intercalating the alkylating intercalation moiety of the reagent into an at least partially double-stranded nucleic acid to form a complex and activating the complex to cause covalent bonding between the reagent and the nucleic acid. Preferably, the labeled nucleic acid is a hybridization probe for detecting nucleic acid sequences capable of hybridizing with a hydridizing region of the nucleic acid.Type: GrantFiled: December 18, 1984Date of Patent: April 15, 1986Assignee: Cetus CorporationInventors: Edward L. Sheldon, III, Corey H. Levenson, Kary B. Mullis, Henry Rapoport