Abstract: A plant species identification apparatus for identifying plant species is disclosed. A reference data storage part stores reference spectral data which indicate a reflectance spectral feature classified by area segments including a sunlit portion and a shaded portion in addition to the plant species. A data input part acquires hyperspectral data to be a target. A determination part specifies the reflectance spectral feature of a pixel for each of pixels of the hyperspectral data from the reference data storage part and to determine the plant species of the pixels based on a classification of the reference spectral data.

Abstract: A plant species identification apparatus for identifying plant species is disclosed. A reference data storage part stores reference spectral data which indicate a reflectance spectral feature classified by area segments including a sunlit portion and a shaded portion in addition to the plant species. A data input part acquires hyperspectral data to be a target. A determination part specifies the reflectance spectral feature of a pixel for each of pixels of the hyperspectral data from the reference data storage part and to determine the plant species of the pixels based on a classification of the reference spectral data.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display which has spacers reliably joined with a pair of substrates of the liquid crystal display by using spacers adapted to the purpose with respect to material, structure, method of joining with the substrates, etc. A pair of substrates can be reliably joined with spacers, and the strength of the liquid crystal display against an external pressure as well as display characteristics can be thereby improved. A manufacturing methods for such a liquid crystal display is also disclosed.

Abstract: A bonding agent and an adhesive sheet for strongly bonding a plurality of components constituting the electronic device for the lifetime of the device, and for lowering a bonding force thereof for easily separating these components on the occasion of decomposing the electronic device. According to the present invention, a plurality of components can be easily decomposed only by executing a heat treatment through bonding of a plurality of components with a bonding agent including a thermo-melting microcapsules which includes a mold releasing agent.

Abstract: The present invention provides an image forming method for obtaining excellent color fixed images with a smaller amount of light energy. This image forming method includes the steps of: forming a toner layer of a color toner containing at least a binder resin, a coloring agent, and an infrared absorbent, on a recording medium; and fixing the toner layer by flashlight emission, where the relationship among the PAS level S of the color toner that is obtained by integrating an infrared PAS spectrum obtained through PAS (photoacoustic spectroscopy) analysis in the range of 800 nm to 2000 nm, the melt viscosity ? of the color toner at a reference temperature, and the energy E of the flashlight, is expressed by the following relational expression: 1000??/E·S?5500.

Abstract: To easily separate an adhesive sheet and an adhesive agent adhered to an adherend leaving almost no residues thereof to the adherend, the thermo-melting micro-capsule internally including a mold releasing agent dispersed within the adhesive agent layer, the adhesive agent layer is thereby easily separated from the adherend leaving almost no residues on the adherend by only heating the layer. Moreover, gaps can be formed in the adhesive agent layer through expansion of a thermo-expanding particle by adding the thermo-expanding particle to the adhesive agent layer and thereby an adhesive force of the adhesive agent layer is remarkably lowered by the mold releasing agent penetrating into such gaps.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display which has spacers reliably joined with a pair of substrates of the liquid crystal display by using spacers adapted to the purpose with respect to material, structure, method of joining with the substrates, etc. A pair of substrates can be reliably joined with spacers, and the strength of the liquid crystal display against an external pressure as well as display characteristics can be thereby improved. A manufacturing methods for such a liquid crystal display is also disclosed.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display which has spacers reliably joined with a pair of substrates of the liquid crystal display by using spacers adapted to the purpose with respect to material, structure, method of joining with the substrates, etc. A pair of substrates can be reliably joined with spacers, and the strength of the liquid crystal display against an external pressure as well as display characteristics can be thereby improved. A manufacturing methods for such a liquid crystal display is also disclosed.

Abstract: Electrophotographic color toner prepared as a mixture of white toner and chromatic color toner in an electrophotographic toner composition at least containing a colorant, a binder resin and an additive, wherein a colorant of the white toner is one member selected from the group consisting of silver white pigment, titanium white pigment, zinc white pigment, and titanium strontium white pigment.

Abstract: An electrophotographic color toner at least includes a colorant, a binder resin and an additive, wherein the additive includes at least any of burned fine particles selected from titanium oxide fine particles and tin oxide fine particles obtained by a burning process.

Abstract: It is a toner for optical fixing which contains a binder resin, a colorant, and an infrared light absorbent, and the infrared light absorbent has a coloring opacity of 20 or less, and of phthalocyanine compound and/or naphthalocyanine compound.

Abstract: Electrophotographic color toner prepared as a mixture of white toner and chromatic color toner in an electrophotographic toner composition at least containing a colorant, a binder resin and an additive, wherein a colorant of the white toner is one member selected from the group consisting of silver white pigment, titanium white pigment, zinc white pigment, and titanium strontium white pigment.

Abstract: A color toner for electrophotography containing less conductive particles that have appropriate electrical resistance and an aspect ratio can produce clear color images. Specifically, the conductive particles contained in the color toner having an electrical resistance of 1-100 &OHgr;·cm, an aspect ratio of 10 or more, and a major axis length of 4 &mgr;m or less that are distributed in the binding resin of the color toner at a weight percentage of 20 wt % or less ensure preferable properties of the color toner.

Abstract: An electrophotographic color toner at least includes a colorant, a binder resin and an additive, wherein the additive includes at least any of burned fine particles selected from titanium oxide fine particles and tin oxide fine particles obtained by a burning process.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display which has spacers reliably joined with a pair of substrates of the liquid crystal display by using spacers adapted to the purpose with respect to material, structure, method of joining with the substrates, etc. A pair of substrates can be reliably joined with spacers, and the strength of the liquid crystal display against an external pressure as well as display characteristics can be thereby improved. A manufacturing methods for such a liquid crystal display is also disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention provides an image forming method for obtaining excellent color fixed images with a smaller amount of light energy.

Abstract: A color toner to which flash light is applied and is fixed on a recording medium at least includes a binding resin, a colorant, and a infrared absorbent. PAS intensity thereof obtained from integration of infrared PAS spectrum obtained based on photoacoustic spectroscopy (PAS) analytical measurement through a range between 800 and 2000 nm is in a range between 0.01 and 0.2 assuming that the value of carbon black is 1.

Abstract: A color toner for electrophotography containing less conductive particles that have appropriate electrical resistance and an aspect ratio can produce clear color images. Specifically, the conductive particles contained in the color toner having an electrical resistance of 1-100 &OHgr;·cm, an aspect ratio of 10 or more, and a major axis length of 4 &mgr;m or less that are distributed in the binding resin of the color toner at a weight percentage of 20 wt % or less ensure preferable properties of the color toner.

Abstract: A color toner to which flash light is applied and is fixed on a recording medium at least includes a binding resin, a colorant, and a infrared absorbent. PAS intensity thereof obtained from integration of infrared PAS spectrum obtained based on photoacoustic spectroscopy (PAS) analytical measurement through a range between 800 and 2000 nm is in a range between 0.01 and 0.2 assuming that the value of carbon black is 1.

Abstract: An electrophotographic color toner which can be used in a photofixing system, and is capable of realizing color toner images with good color toner fixability and vivid color tones. In addition to a binder resin, the electrophotographic color toner contains, as a colorant, a pigment having a contrast ratio within a range from 10 to 50%, as measured according to the hiding-chart test method defined in Japanese Industrial Standard JIS K5101, at least 50% of the total volume of the pigment being made up of pigment particles having a ferre equivalent circle diameter of 0.3 &mgr;m or larger.