Abstract: A spark plug including a center electrode; an insulator; and a metal shell, wherein the metal shell includes: a mounting portion; a cylindrical portion; a seal portion; a crimping portion; and a buckled portion all as defined herein, and a relationship A<B is satisfied, in which A is a length in the axial direction of an external thread formed on the mounting portion, and B is a length of the cylindrical portion in the axial direction.

Abstract: A spark plug includes an outer electrode including an outer electrode tip of which a distal end surface is spaced from an outer peripheral surface of a leading end portion of a center electrode to define a spark discharge gap. A protruding insulator portion of a cylindrical insulator protrudes at least 1.0 mm from a leading end surface of a cylindrical metal shell. A protruding center electrode portion of the center electrode protrudes at least 3.5 mm from the leading end surface of the cylindrical metal shell. A relationship (?1+?2)/2?75 degrees is satisfied where the angle ?1 is defined as a central angle (degrees) of a first circular sector having a point B1 as a center thereof, and the angle ?2 is an average value (degrees) of the central angles of two second circular sectors having the point B1 as a center thereof.

Abstract: A center electrode includes a tapered electrode base member mount and a noble metal tip joined to the electrode base member mount via a fused portion in which the component of the noble metal tip and the component of the electrode base member mount are fused. In this state, the cross section area S1 at a tip side boundary between the fused portion and the noble metal tip and the cross section area S2 at a base member side boundary between the fused portion and the electrode base member mount satisfy the relational expression of S1<S2. Regarding the cross section area S3 at the base portion of the electrode base member mount, (S3?S2)/D satisfies the relational expression of 5?(S3?S2)/D?50. D is the shortest distance in the axis line direction from the base member side boundary to the base portion.

Abstract: A spark plug including a ground electrode which has an excellent heat sinking ability. The ground electrode includes a core material therein. Heat received from a combustion chamber during a drive of an internal-combustion engine can be conducted to the core material. More effective heat sinking ability can be achieved because of the core material.

Abstract: There is provided a spark plug for an internal combustion engine, including: a center electrode extending in the direction of an axis of the spark plug and having a core of higher thermal expansion coefficient than that of a front end thereof, the center electrode including a flanged portion radially outwardly protruding on a rear side thereof and a cylindrical portion located closer to a front end of the spark plug than the flanged portion and being smaller in diameter than the flanged portion; an insulator having an axial hole in the direction of the axis to retain the flanged portion in the axial hole with the cylindrical portion held in a loose-fit state in the axial hole; and a metal shell accommodating the insulator, wherein the spark plug satisfies the following condition: Cb<Cf where Cb is a difference between an inner diameter of the axial hole and an outer diameter of the cylindrical portion at an arbitrary axial position B in the direction of the axis; and Cf is a difference between the inner di

Abstract: There is provided according to the present invention a manufacturing method of a spark plug that includes a cylindrical metal shell, a cylindrical ceramic insulator retained in the metal shell, a center electrode retained in the ceramic insulator and extending in an axial direction and a ground electrode having a rear end portion fixed to the metal shell and a front end portion formed with a protruding region facing a front end portion of the center electrode with a gap left therebetween and being of substantially uniform thickness except for an area where the protrusion is formed. The spark plug manufacturing method includes a press forming step for pressing the whole of a ground electrode material for constituting the ground electrode, so as to form a protruding region on a front end portion of the ground electrode material and a welding step for, after the press forming step, welding a rear end portion of the ground electrode material to the metal shell.

Abstract: To provide a spark plug with improved heat resistance and an internal combustion engine in which that spark plug is mounted where there is good conduction of the heat near the opening on the combustion chamber side of the mounting hole for the spark plug provided in the engine and the effects of thermal stress occurring near that opening are mitigated. A cylindrical part without threads formed thereon is provided on the leading end side of a metal housing of a spark plug and the thermal stress applied to a mounting hole is mitigated by avoiding close contact with the mounting hole of an engine head. Furthermore, the spark plug has a mounting structure in which the leading end surface of the cylindrical part is disposed 1.55 mm or more to the base end side in a mounting hole in the direction of the axial line O with respect to the wall surface inside the combustion chamber.

Abstract: A spark plug of the present invention includes a cylindrical metal shell, a cylindrical ceramic insulator retained in the metal shell, a center electrode retained in the ceramic insulator and extending in an axial direction, and a ground electrode formed into a bent shape and having a rear end portion fixed to the metal shell and a front end portion facing a front end portion of the center electrode with a gap left therebetween. The ground electrode contains a large thickness region formed on a rear end side thereof with a large thickness, a small thickness region formed on a front end side thereof with a smaller thickness than that of the large thickness region, a protruding region formed on the small thickness region and facing the center electrode and a thickness changing region formed between the large thickness region and the small thickness region and located at a different position from a position of a minimum curvature radius region of the bent shape of the ground electrode.

Abstract: A spark plug includes a ground electrode formed with a flat region and a convex curved region on an outer peripheral surface thereof. The flat region is located on a front end of the ground electrode and has a length of 0.2 mm or more from a front end face of the ground electrode in a longitudinal direction of the ground electrode. The ground electrode satisfies the following dimensional condition (1) with respect to first and second cross sections of the ground electrode taken through the convex curved region and the flat region in directions perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the ground electrode, 0.950?(S2/L2)/(S1/L1)?0.995 ??(1) where S1 is the area of the first cross section; L1 is the perimeter of the first cross section; S2 is the area of the second cross section; and L2 is the perimeter of the second cross section.

Abstract: A spark plug includes an outer electrode including an outer electrode tip of which a distal end surface is spaced from an outer peripheral surface of a leading end portion of a center electrode to define a spark discharge gap. A protruding insulator portion of a cylindrical insulator protrudes at least 1.0 mm from a leading end surface of a cylindrical metal shell. A protruding center electrode portion of the center electrode protrudes at least 3.5 mm from the leading end surface of the cylindrical metal shell. A relationship (?1+?2)/2?75 degrees is satisfied where the angle ?1 is defined as a central angle (degrees) of a first circular sector having a point B1 as a center thereof, and the angle ?2 is an average value (degrees) of the central angles of two second circular sectors having the point B1 as a center thereof.

Abstract: A spark plug including: a center electrode; a substantially cylindrical insulator; a cylindrical metal shell; a ground electrode having a base end joined to a leading end portion of the metal shell and a distal end bent toward the axis line. The ground electrode includes: a thick portion provided on a base end side, a thin portion provided on a distal end side, and a stepped portion provided on an inner peripheral surface between the thick portion and the thin portion. A noble metal tip is joined to and partially embedded in the inner peripheral surface of the thin portion and disposed to form a gap between the noble metal tip and the leading end portion of the center electrode.

Abstract: A spark plug including: a ground electrode including a thick portion provided on a base end side, a thin portion provided on a distal end side, and a stepped portion provided on an inner peripheral surface between the thick portion and the thin portion; a noble metal tip partially embedded in an inner peripheral surface of the thin portion; and a bulge portion provided on the inner peripheral surface of the thin portion between the stepped portion and the noble metal tip. When viewed from a side surface of the ground electrode, a relationship [a protruding height of the noble metal tip from the inner peripheral surface of the thin portion]?[a protruding height of the bulge portion from the inner peripheral surface of the thin portion].

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide an enhancing agent for effect of anticancer agent for achieving an excellent therapeutic effect on cancer. The enhancing agent for effect of anticancer agent according to the present invention which is a solving means therefor is characterized in that a nitric oxide donor is an effective ingredient. In accordance with the present invention, an excellent therapeutic effect is able to be achieved on non-small cell lung cancer which is still in such a state that no effective therapeutic method has been established yet for a progressive cancer which is not operable and is one of cancers where chemotherapy is most difficult to apply.

Abstract: To provide a spark plug with improved heat resistance and an internal combustion engine in which that spark plug is mounted where there is good conduction of the heat near the opening on the combustion chamber side of the mounting hole for the spark plug provided in the engine and the effects of thermal stress occurring near that opening are mitigated. A cylindrical part without threads formed thereon is provided on the leading end side of a metal housing of a spark plug and the thermal stress applied to a mounting hole is mitigated by avoiding close contact with the mounting hole of an engine head. Furthermore, the spark plug has a mounting structure in which the leading end surface of the cylindrical part is disposed 1.55 mm or more to the base end side in a mounting hole in the direction of the axial line O with respect to the wall surface inside the combustion chamber.

Abstract: A spark plug including a ground electrode which has an excellent heat sinking ability. The ground electrode includes a core material therein. Heat received from a combustion chamber during a drive of an internal-combustion engine can be conducted to the core material. More effective heat sinking ability can be achieved because of the core material.

Abstract: A spark plug including a center electrode; an insulator; and a metal shell, wherein the metal shell includes: a mounting portion; a cylindrical portion; a seal portion; a crimping portion; and a buckled portion all as defined herein, and a relationship A<B is satisfied, in which A is a length in the axial direction of an external thread formed on the mounting portion, and B is a length of the cylindrical portion in the axial direction.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide an enhancing agent for effect of anticancer agent for achieving an excellent therapeutic effect on cancer. The enhancing agent for effect of anticancer agent according to the present invention which is a solving means therefor is characterized in that a nitric oxide donor is an effective ingredient. In accordance with the present invention, an excellent therapeutic effect is able to be achieved on non-small cell lung cancer which is still in such a state that no effective therapeutic method has been established yet for a progressive cancer which is not operable and is one of cancers where chemotherapy is most difficult to apply.

Abstract: In a spark plug 100, the nickel content of a center electrode 20 is greater than that of a ground electrode 30. This enhances resistance to spark-induced consumption of the center electrode 20. Also, the ground electrode 30 to which a noble-metal chip 91 is joined exhibits high resistance to spark-induced consumption. Accordingly, the spark plug 100 can be attached to either of a negative-polarity cylinder in which the center electrode 20 assumes a negative polarity, and a positive-polarity cylinder in which the center electrode 20 assumes a positive polarity. The noble-metal chip 91 is joined only to the ground electrode 30, and a noble-metal chip is not joined to the center electrode 20.

Abstract: In a spark plug 100, the nickel content of a center electrode 20 is greater than that of a ground electrode 30. This enhances resistance to spark-induced consumption of the center electrode 20. Also, the ground electrode 30 to which a noble-metal chip 91 is joined exhibits high resistance to spark-induced consumption. Accordingly, the spark plug 100 can be attached to either of a negative-polarity cylinder in which the center electrode 20 assumes a negative polarity, and a positive-polarity cylinder in which the center electrode 20 assumes a positive polarity. The noble-metal chip 91 is joined only to the ground electrode 30, and a noble-metal chip is not joined to the center electrode 20.

Abstract: Data of an IP module (1) has a hardware part for defining a layout pattern of a first circuit (2) in an integrated circuit and a software part (information described in an HDL or the like) for determining the function of a second circuit (3), and also has connection information for specifying the relation of connecting the first and second circuits. Since a part requiring adjustment such as an interface part takes the form of a software part and has data and the degree of freedom, at the time of designing an integrated circuit, partial modification such as promotion of reduction in power consumption or reduction in chip occupying area in accordance with an external load can be easily made on past design asset data.