Abstract: An electro-optical device is provided and includes a plurality of first signal lines extending in a first direction on a substrate; a plurality of second signal lines extending in a second direction on the substrate, the second direction intersecting the first direction; a pixel area in which a plurality of pixel electrodes are disposed; an outer peripheral edge of the pixel area having a curved portion or a bent portion; and a first circuit block, a second circuit block, and a third circuit block arranged along the outer peripheral edge, wherein the second circuit block is arranged between the first circuit block and the first circuit block, and a first gap between the first circuit bock and the second circuit block is different from a second gap between the second circuit block and the third circuit block.

Abstract: An electromagnetic valve including a solenoid to generate an electromagnetic force; a cylindrical member at least partially disposed in the solenoid and made from a non-magnetic material; a movable member configured to be moved in the cylindrical member in an axial direction of the valve based on the solenoid, the movable member including a restriction portion on one end side of the movable member; a plunger including one end portion located on the one end side and an opposite end portion located on an opposite end side of the movable member, the plunger being restricted in a movement thereof in a radial direction due to the opposite end portion disposed at the restriction portion. A movable amount of the movable member in the radial direction in the cylindrical member is less than a movable amount of the plunger in the radial direction relative to the restriction portion.

Abstract: Provided is an electromagnetic valve and a brake apparatus capable of reducing friction between a plunger and a valve seat.

Abstract: A brake control apparatus for a wheeled vehicle includes wheel cylinders; a pump hydraulically connected to the wheel cylinders for pressurizing the wheel cylinders; a motor for driving the pump; control valves hydraulically connected between the pump and respective ones of the wheel cylinders for allowing fluid communication therebetween with respective variable cross-sectional flow areas; a pressure sensor for measuring an internal pressure of each of the wheel cylinders; and a control unit. The control unit performs wheel cylinder pressure control of controlling the internal pressures of the wheel cylinders by the motor and the control valves so as to conform the measured internal pressures of the wheel cylinders to respective ones of desired internal pressures of the wheel cylinders. During the wheel cylinder pressure control, the control unit constantly keeps a condition that the cross-sectional flow area of at least one of the control valves is maximized.

Abstract: A brake system that provides a good pedal feel, that assists stepping force of a driver by a small motor, and that can control braking force of wheels individually. The brake system comprises a first actuator (5) for increasing a liquid pressure in a master cylinder (2) by driving torque of a motor (51), and a second actuator (6) capable of driving a brake generating mechanism (3) without transmitting power to the master cylinder (2), wherein the actuators (5, 6) to be driven are switched depending on the operation of a brake pedal (1). The first and second actuators (5, 6) are connected to hydraulic piping (4f, 4r), and a pressurized oil is supplied to the brake generating mechanism (3) through hydraulic valve means (63f, 63r, . . . 65rr).

Abstract: In a brake control apparatus, a fluid passage section is hydraulically connected between a hydraulic pressure source and a wheel cylinder. A first pressure sensor measures a first quantity correlated to a hydraulic pressure outputted by the hydraulic pressure source. A second pressure sensor measures a second quantity correlated to an internal pressure of the wheel cylinder. A controller controls a braking force of a wheel by the wheel cylinder. The controller is configured to: allow the first pressure sensor to obtain a value of the first quantity, and allow the second pressure sensor to obtain a value of the second quantity, while allowing a selector to regulate fluid communication between the hydraulic pressure source and the wheel cylinder; and calibrate the first and second pressure sensors with respect to each other in accordance with the obtained values of the first and second quantities.

Abstract: A brake control device includes: a braking-effort-sensing device for sensing braking efforts of vehicle wheels; an actuator for applying braking efforts to the vehicle wheels; and a control device for controlling the braking efforts of the vehicle wheels by controlling the actuator, wherein the control device: computes desired braking efforts of the vehicle wheels; and when the desired braking efforts of left and right wheels of the vehicle wheels are equal to each other. The brake control device performs a braking effort correction of allowing the braking effort of one of the left and right wheels to approach the braking effort of the other of the left and right wheels.

Abstract: A brake control apparatus of an automotive vehicle employs a pump incorporated in a hydraulic actuator, a separate pressure control valve disposed between the pump and each individual wheel-brake cylinder and having an orifice having a predetermined orifice-constriction flow passage area, and vehicle sensors including at least wheel cylinder pressure sensors. Also provided is a controller configured to be connected to the vehicle sensors and the hydraulic actuator, for calculating, based on a driver's manipulated variable, target wheel cylinder pressures, and for controlling the hydraulic actuator responsively to the target wheel cylinder pressures. The controller is further configured for calculating a fluid-pressure deviation between the target wheel cylinder pressure and the actual wheel cylinder pressure, and for stopping working-fluid supply from the pump to the abnormal wheel-brake cylinder having an abnormality in the fluid-pressure deviation exceeding a predetermined threshold value.

Abstract: A brake control apparatus for a vehicle includes a wheel cylinder, a pump for pressurizing a brake fluid in the wheel cylinder, and an electric motor for driving the pump. A controller operates the electric motor so as to conform an internal pressure of the wheel cylinder to a desired internal pressure of the wheel cylinder, and produces a torque applied to the electric motor in a first rotational direction, while the pump is stopping from a state in which the electric motor is rotating in a second rotational direction opposite to the first rotational direction so as to allow the pump to pressurize the brake fluid in the wheel cylinder.

Abstract: A brake control apparatus has wheel cylinders, hydraulic pressure supply sources pressurizing an inside of the wheel cylinder, control valves performing a pressure-raising/reducing control of the inside of the wheel cylinder, and at least two actuator units grouped according to a diagonal wheel cylinder system or a fore-and-aft wheel cylinder system, one of which has a main control section and the other of which has a sub control section. Both the control sections control the plurality of hydraulic pressure supply sources and the control valves based on a vehicle status amount input to both the control sections via communication lines. When the actuator unit in which the main control section is included becomes abnormal, the sub control section drives the hydraulic pressure supply source and the control valves belonging to the actuator unit of the sub control section and controls the internal pressures of the wheel cylinders.

Abstract: A brake control apparatus for a wheeled vehicle includes wheel cylinders; a pump hydraulically connected to the wheel cylinders for pressurizing the wheel cylinders; a motor for driving the pump; control valves hydraulically connected between the pump and respective ones of the wheel cylinders for allowing fluid communication therebetween with respective variable cross-sectional flow areas; a pressure sensor for measuring an internal pressure of each of the wheel cylinders; and a control unit. The control unit performs wheel cylinder pressure control of controlling the internal pressures of the wheel cylinders by the motor and the control valves so as to conform the measured internal pressures of the wheel cylinders to respective ones of desired internal pressures of the wheel cylinders. During the wheel cylinder pressure control, the control unit constantly keeps a condition that the cross-sectional flow area of at least one of the control valves is maximized.

Abstract: A brake system that provides a good pedal feel, that assists stepping force of a driver by a small motor, and that can control braking force of wheels individually. The brake system comprises a first actuator (5) for increasing a liquid pressure in a master cylinder (2) by driving torque of a motor (51), and a second actuator (6) capable of driving a brake generating mechanism (3) without transmitting power to the master cylinder (2), wherein the actuators (5, 6) to be driven are switched depending on the operation of a brake pedal (1). The first and second actuators (5, 6) are connected to hydraulic piping (4f, 4r), and a pressurized oil is supplied to the brake generating mechanism (3) through hydraulic valve means (63f, 63r, . . . 65rr).

Abstract: In a brake control device using a plurality of low-noise and low-vibration pumps, if one pump fails, when the other pump compensates the function of the failed pump to reduce the influence of the failure, there is fear that a driver is not aware of the failure in the brake control device or neglects and leaves the failure unrepaired even if the driver becomes aware of the failure. The invention effectively causes the driver to be aware of the occurrence of a failure in the brake device while continuously ensuring brake force. If a failure is detected, hydraulic pressure actuators are controlled so that the pulse of hydraulic pressure in wheel cylinders becomes larger than that before the failure is detected. Alternatively, two pumps different in pulse characteristic of discharge hydraulic pressure from each other are connected in parallel to the wheel cylinders.

Abstract: A brake control apparatus includes an actuator configured to generate a braking force of road wheel; a first control unit configured to calculate a target braking controlled variable in accordance with an amount of brake manipulation of a driver; and a second control unit including a backup calculation section configured to calculate a backup target braking controlled variable, by receiving the amount of brake manipulation separately from the first control unit. The second control unit selects one of the target braking controlled variable and the backup target braking controlled variable in accordance with operating conditions of the first control unit and the second control unit. The second control unit outputs a drive signal to the actuator so as to bring the braking force of road wheel closer to the selected one of the target braking controlled variable and the backup target braking controlled variable.

Abstract: In a brake control apparatus with wheel-brake cylinders mounted on respective road wheels, a pump is provided to supply a fluid pressure to each of the wheel-brake cylinders by normal rotation of the pump. A control unit is provided to control rotational motion of the pump to bring an actual wheel-cylinder pressure of each of the wheel-brake cylinders closer to a target wheel-cylinder pressure. Also provided is a pump reverse-rotation suppression device that suppresses reverse rotation of the pump, only when the reverse rotation of the pump is detected.

Abstract: In a vehicle attitude control system of an automotive vehicle employing a pump-and-motor assembly, and a hydraulic actuator that regulates fluid pressures in wheel-brake cylinders of road wheels of the vehicle, independently of each other, a control unit is electronically connected to at least a motor of the pump-and-motor assembly and the hydraulic actuator, for executing vehicle attitude control by controlling a discharge pressure of the motor-driven pump and by controlling the fluid pressures in the wheel-brake cylinders to respective desired fluid pressures independently of each other. A processing unit of the control unit is programmed to determine a duty ratio of a drive signal of the motor, based on the desired fluid pressure of at least one of the wheel-brake cylinders.

Abstract: In a vehicle attitude control system of an automotive vehicle employing a pump-and-motor assembly, and a hydraulic actuator that regulates fluid pressures in wheel-brake cylinders of road wheels of the vehicle, independently of each other, a control unit is electronically connected to at least a motor of the pump-and-motor assembly and the hydraulic actuator, for executing vehicle attitude control by controlling a discharge pressure of the motor-driven pump and by controlling the fluid pressures in the wheel-brake cylinders to respective desired fluid pressures independently of each other. A processing unit of the control unit is programmed to determine a duty ratio of a drive signal of the motor, based on the desired fluid pressure of at least one of the wheel-brake cylinders.

Abstract: A solenoid-valve controller provided with a solenoid valve C which is switchable between the full closed state where a plunger a abuts on a sheet face b and the full open state where the plunger separates from the sheet face, and control means e for carrying out energization to a coil d for driving the plunger a of the solenoid valve C by pulse width modulation control, configured such that there are arranged regenerative-current formation means e for forming a regenerative current in parallel with the coil d, and the control means e are arranged with regenerative-current detection means g for detecting the regenerative current, and the control means e carry out pulse width modulation control based on a detection value of the regenerative-current detection means g. This allows detection of the plunger position during actuation of the solenoid valve by a low-cost and small-sized technique requiring no enhancement of an attraction force of the coil of the solenoid valve.

Abstract: A suspension control system for an automotive vehicle is provided. This suspension control system comprises front and rear variable damping force shock absorbers and a control unit which controls the shock absorbers to assume damping force characteristics in a range between preselected higher and lower damping coefficients. The control unit controls the front and rear shock absorbers in a manner wherein the damping force characteristics of the front shock absorber in an extension stroke and of the rear shock absorber in a compression stroke are modified to the higher damping coefficients respectively when vehicle speed is substantially zero.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for controlling damping force characteristics of respective vehicular shock absorbers in which vehicular vertical behavior(s) at the position(s) of the vehicular body which are forward by a predetermined distance from a tread of rear left and right road wheels are determined, the positions including front left and right road wheel sides, and corresponding vertical behavior signals are derived. Control signals for front left and right and rear left and right road wheel side shock absorbers are formed on the basis of respective processed signals having frequency-dependent characteristics formed from the vehicular behavior signal(s). The damping force characteristics of front left and right road wheel side shock absorbers are controlled on the basis of the control signals formed on the basis of the processed signal based on the front left and right road wheel vehicular behavior signals.