Abstract: Provided are a capacitive transducer that can make a sealing film thickness necessary to seal a gap smaller and can enhance performance such as a wider bandwidth, and a method of manufacturing the capacitive transducer. The capacitive transducer including cells each including a vibration film including a second electrode that is provided with a gap from a first electrode can be manufactured in the following manufacturing method. A convex part is formed on the first electrode, a sacrifice layer having a thickness larger than the thickness of the convex part is formed on the first electrode and the convex part, and a membrane is formed on the sacrifice layer. Further, an etching hole is formed in the membrane at a position above the convex part, the sacrifice layer is etched through the etching hole, and the etching hole is sealed by a sealing layer.

Abstract: Provided are a capacitive transducer that can make a sealing film thickness necessary to seal a gap smaller and can enhance performance such as a wider bandwidth, and a method of manufacturing the capacitive transducer. The capacitive transducer including cells each including a vibration film including a second electrode that is provided with a gap from a first electrode can be manufactured in the following manufacturing method. A convex part is formed on the first electrode, a sacrifice layer having a thickness larger than the thickness of the convex part is formed on the first electrode and the convex part, and a membrane is formed on the sacrifice layer. Further, an etching hole is formed in the membrane at a position above the convex part, the sacrifice layer is etched through the etching hole, and the etching hole is sealed by a sealing layer.

Abstract: An apparatus information obtaining apparatus for obtaining apparatus information including model information of an image output apparatus from the image output apparatus via a network is disclosed. The apparatus information obtaining apparatus includes: an image output apparatus list database storing a list of image output apparatuses from which the apparatus information is obtained; an apparatus information send instruction sending unit for instructing the image output apparatus included in the image output apparatus list to send the apparatus information; and an apparatus information receiving unit for receiving the apparatus information from the image output apparatus that is instructed to send the apparatus information.

Abstract: A manganese oxide particle having a hexagonal crystal structure or an analogous hexagonal crystal structure with an a-axis length of 8.73±1 ? and a c-axis length of 14.86±1 ?. The manganese oxide particle is preferably produced by a process including mixing an aqueous solution containing manganese (II) and an organic compound having a hydroxyl group while in a heated state with an alkali.

Abstract: Fluorine-doped tin oxide particles having a structure characterized by peaks at at least 123±5 cm?1, 139±5 cm?1, and 170±5 cm?1 in Raman spectroscopy. The particles preferably have additional Raman spectral peaks at 78±5 cm?1, 97±5 cm?1, 109±5 cm?1, 186±5 cm?1, and 207±5 cm?1. The particles preferably have a specific surface area of 10 to 300 m2/g.

Abstract: A diagnosis device (17) for a solar power generation system, which diagnosis device (17) diagnoses a whole or a part of an output in the solar power generation system includes: a measurement data acquiring section (21) for acquiring an electric current value and a voltage value from an ammeter (12a) and a voltmeter (12b), respectively; and an diagnosing section (25) diagnoses the output on the basis of a motion of a power point indicated by the electric current value and the voltage value thus acquired.

Abstract: A piston is slidably provided in a cylinder and partitions a first pump chamber, and a second pump chamber connected to an object to be operated. A first on-off valve is provided between the first pump chamber and the outside. A second on-off valve is provided in a connecting flow passage that connects the first pump chamber and the second pump chamber to each other. When the piston is moved forward by an electromagnetic force of a solenoid portion, a capacity of the first pump chamber decreases, and a capacity of the second pump chamber increases. When the piston is moved backward by a biasing force of a spring, the capacity of the first pump chamber increases, and the capacity of the second pump chamber decreases. A pressure receiving area of the front face of the piston is larger than that of the back face thereof.

Abstract: A valve section that functions as a solenoid valve device that includes a pressure adjusting section that adjusts fluid pressure supplied from a fluid pressure source; a pump section that sucks and discharges working fluid in a reservoir; and a single solenoid section that drives the pressure adjusting section and the pump section.

Abstract: An electromagnetic pump includes a cylinder with a stepped inner diameter with first and second inner diameters. A piston inside the cylinder, with a stepped outer diameter including first and second outer diameters slidable on the respective inner diameters, defines first and second fluid chambers. Reciprocal movement of the piston produces a greater change in volume in the first chamber than the second chamber. An electromagnetic portion moves the piston to decrease the volume of the first chamber and increase the volume of the second chamber. A biasing member moves the piston to increase the volume of the first chamber and decrease the volume of the second chamber. A first valve allows fluid to flow to the first chamber and prohibits reverse flow. A second valve embedded in the piston allows fluid to flow from the first chamber to the second chamber and prohibits reverse flow.

Abstract: Provided is an electromechanical transducer device including a substrate that is conductive, and a plurality of electromechanical transducer elements disposed on a first surface of the substrate. A groove that electrically isolates the plurality of electromechanical transducer elements from each other is formed in the substrate, the groove extending from a second surface side of the substrate toward the first surface side of the substrate, the second surface being opposite the first surface. The width of the groove on the first surface side of the substrate is smaller than the width of the groove on the second surface side of the substrate.

Abstract: Apparatuses, systems and methods are provided for accessing a document management application through a network, wherein user interface information comprising one or more of a plurality of user interfaces customized for a specific user is maintained, and upon successful login of the specific user, said one or more of the plurality of user interfaces are provided for display to the specific user.

Abstract: A disclosed thermal treatment apparatus includes a supporting member where plural substrates are supported in the form of shelves; a reaction tube that accommodates the supporting member within the reaction tube, and is provided with plural gas supplying pipes arranged in a side part of the reaction tube, thereby allowing a gas to flow into the reaction tube through the plural gas supplying pipes; and a first heating part that heats the plural substrates supported by the supporting member accommodated within the reaction tube, wherein the first heating part includes a slit that extends from a bottom end to a top end of the first heating part and allows the plural gas supplying pipes to go therethrough, and wherein an entire inner surface, except for the slit, of the heating part faces the side part of the reaction tube.

Abstract: Provided are a capacitive transducer that can make a sealing film thickness necessary to seal a gap smaller and can enhance performance such as a wider bandwidth, and a method of manufacturing the capacitive transducer. The capacitive transducer including cells each including a vibration film including a second electrode that is provided with a gap from a first electrode can be manufactured in the following manufacturing method. A convex part is formed on the first electrode, a sacrifice layer having a thickness larger than the thickness of the convex part is formed on the first electrode and the convex part, and a membrane is formed on the sacrifice layer. Further, an etching hole is formed in the membrane at a position above the convex part, the sacrifice layer is etched through the etching hole, and the etching hole is sealed by a sealing layer.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a capacitive transducer is provided having a structure in which a vibrating film is supported to be able to vibrate. The method includes forming a sacrificial layer on a first electrode; forming a layer on the sacrificial layer, the layer forming at least part of the vibrating film; removing the sacrificial layer, including forming etching holes to communicate with the sacrificial layer; forming a sealing layer for sealing the etching holes; and etching at least part of the sealing layer. Before forming the sealing layer, an etching stop layer is formed on the layer forming at least part of the vibrating film. In the step of etching at least part of the sealing layer, the sealing layer is removed until the etching stop layer is reached.

Abstract: Provided is a dentifrice composition containing erythritol, which is excellent in storage stability and the persistence of a cool feeling and gives a higher refreshing feeling. The dentifrice composition comprises: (A) 15 to 50 weight % of erythritol having a particle size of less than 355 ?m; (B) 10 to 40 weight % of water; and (C) 0.6 to 3 weight % of a binder.

Abstract: A tin oxide particle having a structure characterized by peaks in Raman spectroscopy at at least 37±9 cm?1, 57±9 cm?1, 97±9 cm?1, 142±9 cm?1, 205±9 cm?1, 255±9 cm?1. The tin oxide particle preferably has an infrared transmittance of 80% or less at a wavelength of 1500 nm. The tin oxide particle preferably exhibits electroconductivity. The tin oxide particle is preferably substantially free from a dopant element that develops electroconductivity.

Abstract: Provided is a solid preparation for oral application containing (a) gum tragacanth and (b) a polyphosphoric acid or salt thereof and constituted so that the polyphosphoric acid or salt thereof starts to dissolve firstly and the gum tragacanth starts to dissolve subsequently. The solid preparation for oral application according to the present invention has a high plaque formation inhibiting effect.

Abstract: Apparatuses, systems and methods are provided for accessing a document management application through a network, wherein for each application user, application functionalities in the application user interface are customized for that application user by means of a registration user interface through which specific application functionalities can be selected and registered for the application user.

Abstract: Fluorine-doped tin oxide particles having a structure characterized by peaks at at least 123±5 cm?1, 139±5 cm?1, and 170±5 cm?1 in Raman spectroscopy. The particles preferably have additional Raman spectral peaks at 78±5 cm?1, 97±5 cm?1, 109±5 cm?1, 186±5 cm?1, and 207±5 cm?1. The particles preferably have a specific surface area of 10 to 300 m2/g.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an oral care composition, which contains the following components (A), (B) and (C): (A) an inorganic acid and/or an organic acid, (B) an anionic surfactant, (C) at least one compound selected from polyglycerin fatty acid esters, sorbitan fatty acid esters, polyoxyethylene higher alcohol ethers having from 6 to 14 carbon atoms, polyoxyethylene fatty acid esters and polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene copolymers. The oral care composition according to the present invention is significantly excellent in reducing astringency and bitterness inherent in anionic surfactants.