Abstract: An optical system includes, in order from an enlargement conjugate side to a reduction conjugate side, a front unit including a plurality of lenses, an aperture stop, and a rear unit including a plurality of lenses. A projection characteristic of the optical system representing a relationship between a half angle of view and an image height on an image plane satisfies a predetermined condition.

Abstract: A light source apparatus includes a plurality of light sources each having a light emitting area, an optical characteristic converter configured to generate emitting light having a characteristic different from that of incident light from the plurality of light sources, and a first optical system configured to irradiate the incident light on each of a plurality of irradiated areas on the optical characteristic converter. A shape of each irradiation area is non-similar to that of the light emitting area.

Abstract: An illumination apparatus includes an illumination optical system, a first light source unit that includes a first solid-state light source, a second light source unit that includes a second solid-state light source with a characteristic different from that of the first wavelength conversion element, an optical path combining system that includes a first light guide surface, and a second light guide surface. The first light guide surface viewed from an optical axis direction of the illumination optical system does not overlap the second light guide surface and is provided at a position different from that of the second light guide surface. The optical path combining system includes a first condenser optical system, and a second condenser optical system. A predetermined condition is satisfied.

Abstract: A display apparatus includes a light unit, a display panel configured to transmit light from the light unit, a setting unit configured to set one of a plurality of modes different in a scanning order of the display panel from each other, and a control unit configured to control the light unit to light each of a plurality of areas of the display panel. According to the mode set by the setting unit, the control unit determines timing when the light unit lights the plurality of areas.

Abstract: A light source apparatus includes a plurality of light sources each having a light emitting area, an optical characteristic converter configured to generate emitting light having a characteristic different from that of incident light from the plurality of light sources, and a first optical system configured to irradiate the incident light on each of a plurality of irradiated areas on the optical characteristic converter. A shape of each irradiation area is non-similar to that of the light emitting area.

Abstract: An optical unit includes a plurality of paraboloid mirrors configured to reflect light fluxes from a plurality of LDs and to guide them to a concave lens. The light fluxes from the paraboloid mirrors are a plurality of convergent light fluxes, and the paraboloid mirrors reflect the light fluxes from the LDs such that as the convergent light fluxes travel farther away from the paraboloid mirrors, distances therebetween become shorter.

Abstract: A light source optical system includes a first fly-eye lens including a plurality of first lens cells, and a second fly-eye lens including a plurality of second lens cells that guide a light flux from the first fly-eye lens to a fluorescent member. A light source image is formed between the first fly-eye lens and the fluorescent member. When a short side direction of the second lens cells is defined as a first direction and a long side direction of the second lens cells is defined as a second direction, the width of the light source image in the second direction is wider than the width of the light source image in the first direction.

Abstract: A light source unit includes a green light source, a red light source, a blue light source, and a condenser lens system that condenses green light and red light at positions different from each other.

Abstract: An illumination apparatus includes an illumination optical system, a first light source unit that includes a first solid-state light source, a second light source unit that includes a second solid-state light source with a characteristic different from that of the first wavelength conversion element, an optical path combining system that includes a first light guide surface, and a second light guide surface. The first light guide surface viewed from an optical axis direction of the illumination optical system does not overlap the second light guide surface and is provided at a position different from that of the second light guide surface. The optical path combining system includes a first condenser optical system, and a second condenser optical system. A predetermined condition is satisfied.

Abstract: The illumination optical system is capable of reducing, without moving any optical member and without causing flicker when displaying a still image, sample-and-hold blur when displaying a moving image. The illumination optical system (20) respectively guides multiple light fluxes (Li, Lii, Liii) from multiple light sources (i, ii, iii) in a light source unit (10) to multiple illumination regions (4a, 4b, 4c) on an illumination surface (4). The illumination optical system includes an integrator optical system (1, 2) located between the light source unit and the illumination surface. The integrator optical system includes a first lens array (1) and a second lens array (2) each including multiple lens cells in order from a light source unit side. The illumination optical system changes illumination states of the multiple illumination regions depending on changes of states of the light sources.

Abstract: A light source optical system includes a first fly-eye lens including a plurality of first lens cells, and a second fly-eye lens including a plurality of second lens cells that guide a light flux from the first fly-eye lens to a fluorescent member. A light source image is formed between the first fly-eye lens and the fluorescent member. When a short side direction of the second lens cells is defined as a first direction and a long side direction of the second lens cells is defined as a second direction, the width of the light source image in the second direction is wider than the width of the light source image in the first direction.

Abstract: A light source optical system guides blue light from a light source to a fluorescent body. The fluorescent body converts the blue light into fluorescent light and emits the fluorescent light and non-converted light. Further, the light source optical system includes an optical element having a first region for guiding the blue light to the fluorescent body and a second region for guiding the fluorescent light and the non-converted light to lens cells. The blue light is incident on the first region, and the fluorescent light and the non-converted light are incident on the first region and the second region of the optical element. An area of the first region and an area of each lens cell of the lens cells as viewed along directions of optical axes of the lens cells have a predetermined relationship.

Abstract: An imaging optical system, which images an image on one conjugate surface of an enlargement side conjugate surface and a reduction side conjugate surface onto the other conjugate surface, includes, in order from the reduction side conjugate surface to the enlargement side conjugate surface, a refractive optical system and a reflective optical system. The refractive optical system forms an intermediate real image at an intermediate imaging position inside the refractive optical system. The reflective optical system includes a convex mirror disposed closest to the enlargement side conjugate surface. The predetermined conditional expression is satisfied.

Abstract: An imaging optical system, which images an image on one conjugate surface of an enlargement side conjugate surface and a reduction side conjugate surface onto the other conjugate surface, includes, in order from the reduction side conjugate surface to the enlargement side conjugate surface, a refractive optical system and a reflective optical system. The refractive optical system forms an intermediate real image at an intermediate imaging position inside the refractive optical system. The reflective optical system includes a convex mirror disposed closest to the enlargement side conjugate surface. The predetermined conditional expression is satisfied.

Abstract: The illumination optical system is capable of reducing, without moving any optical member and without causing flicker when displaying a still image, sample-and-hold blur when displaying a moving image. The illumination optical system (20) respectively guides multiple light fluxes (Li, Lii, Liii) from multiple light sources (i, ii, iii) in a light source unit (10) to multiple illumination regions (4a, 4b, 4c) on an illumination surface (4). The illumination optical system includes an integrator optical system (1, 2) located between the light source unit and the illumination surface. The integrator optical system includes a first lens array (1) and a second lens array (2) each including multiple lens cells in order from a light source unit side. The illumination optical system changes illumination states of the multiple illumination regions depending on changes of states of the light sources.

Abstract: An illumination apparatus includes a wavelength conversion element to convert light emitted from a light source into converted light and to emit the converted light and unconverted light, a first optical element including a first region guiding the light emitted from the light source to the wavelength conversion element and a second region preventing the unconverted light from traveling to the light source, and a second optical element to guide the converted light in a direction different from a direction of the light source while guiding the light emitted from the light source to the wavelength conversion element. The second optical element is disposed in an optical path between the first optical element and the wavelength conversion element. The light emitted from the light source is incident on the first region, and the unconverted light is incident on both the first region and second region of the first optical element.

Abstract: An optical unit includes a plurality of paraboloid mirrors configured to reflect light fluxes from a plurality of LDs and to guide them to a concave lens. The light fluxes from the paraboloid mirrors are a plurality of convergent light fluxes, and the paraboloid mirrors reflect the light fluxes from the LDs such that as the convergent light fluxes travel farther away from the paraboloid mirrors, distances therebetween become shorter.

Abstract: An illumination apparatus includes a wavelength conversion element to convert light emitted from a light source into converted light and to emit the converted light and unconverted light, a first optical element including a first region guiding the light emitted from the light source to the wavelength conversion element and a second region preventing the unconverted light from traveling to the light source, and a second optical element to guide the converted light in a direction different from a direction of the light source while guiding the light emitted from the light source to the wavelength conversion element. The second optical element is disposed in an optical path between the first optical element and the wavelength conversion element. The light emitted from the light source is incident on the first region, and the unconverted light is incident on both the first region and second region of the first optical element.

Abstract: An illumination apparatus includes a wavelength conversion element to convert light emitted from a light source into converted light and to emit the converted light and unconverted light, a first optical element including a first region guiding the light emitted from the light source to the wavelength conversion element and a second region preventing the unconverted light from traveling to the light source, and a second optical element to guide the converted light in a direction different from a direction of the light source while guiding the light emitted from the light source to the wavelength conversion element. The second optical element is disposed in an optical path between the first optical element and the wavelength conversion element. The light emitted from the light source is incident on the first region, and the unconverted light is incident on both the first region and second region of the first optical element.

Abstract: The illumination optical system includes, as optical elements, a condenser lens system (3) to condense light from a light source (1), a first fly-eye lens (5) and a second fly-eye lens (6). The light source generates a light emitter having a finite longitudinal length in a first direction orthogonal to an optical axis direction of the illumination optical system. The light source and the optical elements are configured to form the light source images closer to the illumination surface than the second fly-eye lens. The light source and the optical elements are configured to satisfy a condition of P2/P1?2.0. In the condition, P1 represents an array pitch of the light source images in the first direction, and P2 represents an array pitch of the light source images in a second direction orthogonal to the first and optical axis directions.