Abstract: Provided is a monodisperse agglomerate of a substance-containing vesicle filled with a substance at a concentration higher than conventionally possible. A mixed solution, in which a target substance is included in an aqueous medium, is mixed with a monodisperse agglomerate of a crosslinked vesicle comprising a prescribed polymer which includes a first polymer, i.e. a block copolymer having uncharged hydrophilic segments and first charged segments, and a second polymer having second charged segments carrying a charge opposite to that of the first charged segments, and in which the first polymer and/or the second polymer are/is crosslinked. As a result, the crosslinked vesicle is made to contain the target substance.

Abstract: The present invention provides a functionalized mRNA including mRNA and double-stranded RNA including at least one RNA oligomer hybridized with mRNA. Functionalized mRNA is provided according to this configuration.

Abstract: Provided is a polymer including a repeating unit (I) represented by Formula (I) and a repeating unit (II) represented by Formula (II) (in the formulae, m represents 1 or 2, L represents a divalent aromatic hydrocarbon group or a divalent aliphatic hydrocarbon group, R1 represents a hydrogen atom, an aliphatic hydrocarbon group, or an aromatic hydrocarbon group, X represents ORx, SRx, or NRx1Rx2, Rx represents a hydrogen atom, an aliphatic hydrocarbon group, or an aromatic hydrocarbon group, Rx1 and Rx2 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, an aliphatic hydrocarbon group, or an aromatic hydrocarbon group).

Abstract: Provided is a method for easily and efficiently producing encapsulated substance vesicles wherein a substance is encapsulated in the cavity of vesicles obtained by polymer self-assembly. Empty vesicles that have membranes comprising a first polymer that is a block copolymer with uncharged hydrophilic segments and a first kind of charged segments and a second polymer with a second kind of charged segments that carry a charge that is the opposite of said first kind of charged segments as well as spaces that are enclosed by said membranes are mixed in an aqueous medium with the substance that is to be encapsulated in the spaces.

Abstract: Provided is a polymer including a repeating unit (I) represented by Formula (I) and a repeating unit (II) represented by Formula (II) (in the formulae, m represents 1 or 2, L represents a divalent aromatic hydrocarbon group or a divalent aliphatic hydrocarbon group, R1 represents a hydrogen atom, an aliphatic hydrocarbon group, or an aromatic hydrocarbon group, X represents ORx, SRx, or NRx1Rx2, Rx represents a hydrogen atom, an aliphatic hydrocarbon group, or an aromatic hydrocarbon group, Rx1 and Rx2 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, an aliphatic hydrocarbon group, or an aromatic hydrocarbon group).

Abstract: Provided is a monodisperse agglomerate of a substance-containing vesicle filled with a substance at a concentration higher than conventionally possible. A mixed solution, in which a target substance is included in an aqueous medium, is mixed with a monodisperse agglomerate of a crosslinked vesicle comprising a prescribed polymer which includes a first polymer, i.e. a block copolymer having uncharged hydrophilic segments and first charged segments, and a second polymer having second charged segments carrying a charge opposite to that of the first charged segments, and in which the first polymer and/or the second polymer are/is crosslinked. As a result, the crosslinked vesicle is made to contain the target substance.

Abstract: A polyion complex of mRNA and a polycationic polymer, and a composition and a pharmaceutical composition for mRNA delivery are provided. The polyion complex of mRNA and the polycationic polymer can deliver mRNA into cells in the body of a subject almost without inducing inflammation. The polyion complex can then cause mRNA to be uniformly expressed in cells in the body of the subject. The pharmaceutical composition containing the polyion complex is suitable for use in treating a disease whose condition rapidly progresses or an acute disease.

Abstract: The problem addressed by the present invention is to develop a pharmaceutical having therapeutic efficacy against epirubicin-resistant tumors. The present invention provides a micelle having an anti-cancer agent disposed inside the core of the micelle formed by an epirubicin-conjugated copolymer.

Abstract: The present invention provides a polyion complex which can efficiently deliver mRNA into a living body as well as a therapeutic agent and a therapeutic method of arthropathy in which the polyion complex is used. For example, there is provided a polyion complex comprising a cationic polymer and mRNA, wherein the cationic polymer is a polymer comprising a cationic unnatural amino acid as a monomer unit and the cationic unnatural amino acid is an amino acid having a group represented by —(NH—(CH2)2)p—NH2, wherein p is 2, 3 or 4, as a side chain.

Abstract: This invention provides an antitumor drug delivery formulation for treating a subject having a tumor more highly expressing a TUG1 gene than normal tissues or preventing the subject from tumor metastasis, comprising a polymeric micelle comprising a nucleic acid that suppresses high expression of the TUG1 gene as an active ingredient, wherein the polymeric micelle comprises a block copolymer having a cationic poly(amino acid) segment and a hydrophilic polymer chain segment and the nucleic acid, and wherein the nucleic acid is bound to a cationic group of the cationic poly(amino acid) segment to form a complex and/or the nucleic acid is incorporated in the micelle or attached into the micelle; and the polymeric micelle accumulates in the tumor.

Abstract: Provided are a micelle composition for nucleic acid delivery using a temperature-sensitive polymer, and a method for producing the micelle. For example, provided is a polyion complex comprising a temperature-sensitive copolymer and a nucleic acid, wherein the temperature-sensitive copolymer comprises a cationic block and a temperature-sensitive block, the cationic block optionally carrying a hydrophilic block linked thereto, and the polyion complex is obtained by mixing the temperature-sensitive copolymer with the nucleic acid under temperature conditions equal to or lower than the lower critical solution temperature (LCST) of the temperature-sensitive copolymer.

Abstract: A nucleic acid-encapsulating polymer micelle complex is formed of a block copolymer containing an uncharged hydrophilic polymer chain block and a cationic polymer chain block; and two single-stranded DNA molecules having mutually complementary base sequences of 1000 or more bases in length, double-stranded DNA of 1000 or more base pairs in length in which at least a part of a double helix structure is dissociated and forms a single-stranded structure, or one single-stranded DNA molecule of 1000 or more bases in length.

Abstract: The present invention provides a carrier containing a first block copolymer and a second block copolymer, wherein the first block copolymer is a block copolymer of a first non-charged segment and a first complex-forming segment, at least some proportion of said first block copolymer is modified by a first molecule, the second block copolymer is a block copolymer of a second non-charged segment and a second complex-forming segment, and wherein at least some proportion of said second block copolymer is modified by a second molecule, said first molecule is a GLUT1 ligand, and said second molecule is different from the first molecule.

Abstract: The present invention provides a vesicle, a conjugate, a composition comprising the vesicle or the conjugate, for use in delivering a drug to the brain, and a method for administering the same. The composition of the present invention is a composition for administration to a subject according to a dosing regimen, comprising a carrier for drug delivery, wherein the dosing regimen comprises administering the composition to a subject who has been fasted or caused to have hypoglycemia and inducing an increase in blood glucose level in the subject, and the carrier is modified at the outer surface thereof with a GLUT1 ligand.

Abstract: A unit structure consists of a single nucleic acid having a length of 10 to 30 bases, and a single block copolymer having a cationic polyamino acid segment and a hydrophilic polymer chain segment. In this unit structure: (i) a difference between a total of positive charges derived from cationic groups of the cationic polyamino acid segment and a total of negative charges derived from the nucleic acid in the unit structure falls within a range of ±10% of the total of the negative charges derived from the nucleic acid, (ii) the hydrophilic polymer chain segment comprises polyethylene glycol, (iii) the polyethylene glycol has a radius of inertia (Rg) equal to or longer than the length of the nucleic acid, and (iv) the cationic polyamino acid segment is bound to the nucleic acid via electrostatic bonds.

Abstract: The present invention provides a nanoreactor (nano size reaction field) using a polyion complex polymersome and a method for producing the nanoreactor. The present invention provides a polyion complex polymersome encapsulating e.g., an enzyme, in which the enzyme is an enzyme acting on a substance passing through a membrane of the polyion complex polymersome, as a substrate.

Abstract: The present invention provides a vesicle, a conjugate, a composition comprising the vesicle or the conjugate, for use in delivering a drug to the brain, and a method for administering the same. The composition of the present invention is a composition for administration to a subject according to a dosing regimen, comprising a carrier for drug delivery, wherein the dosing regimen comprises administering the composition to a subject who has been fasted or caused to have hypoglycemia and inducing an increase in blood glucose level in the subject, and the carrier is modified at the outer surface thereof with a GLUT1 ligand.

Abstract: Monoclonal antibodies against human and mouse tissue factor, and fragments thereof, are disclosed, as well as pharmaceutical compositions and compositions for drug delivery containing the same. Therapeutic methods using the same are also disclosed.

Abstract: A unit structure-type pharmaceutical composition includes a single nucleic acid, such as an antisense nucleic acid, electrostatically bound to a single block copolymer having a cationic polyamino acid segment and a hydrophilic polymer chain segment. The negative charges of the nucleic acid are counterbalanced, at least substantially, by the positive charges of the cationic polyamino acid segment such that the pharmaceutical composition is electrically neutral or nearly electrically neutral. Further, the nucleic acid is covered with the hydrophilic polymer chain segment. The block copolymer thereby improves the blood retention capability of the nucleic acids.

Abstract: Provided is a method for easily and efficiently producing encapsulated substance vesicles wherein a substance is encapsulated in the cavity of vesicles obtained by polymer self-assembly. Empty vesicles that have membranes comprising a first polymer that is a block copolymer with uncharged hydrophilic segments and a first kind of charged segments and a second polymer with a second kind of charged segments that carry a charge that is the opposite of said first kind of charged segments as well as spaces that are enclosed by said membranes are mixed in an aqueous medium with the substance that is to be encapsulated in the spaces.