Abstract: A number of inner packages are formed into a unit and wrapped in an outer package. The combination of the inner and outer packages allows the package to hold its shape after the outer package is opened. The outer package is formed by wrapping the inner package unit in a tubular outer wrap, and sealing the top and bottom surfaces. The outer wrap, or at least the material for the top and bottom panels of the outer package, is made of a contractible or heat shrinkable flexible plastic film which is contracted or heat shrunk to maintain and hold the inner package unit in a tightly packed condition. Deformation of the outer package is more effectively prevented and makes the outer package easy to handle. An opening in the outer package is formed by perforation lines in two side panels and a top or bottom panel. The perforation lines may extend the entire height of the outer package. The panel sections between these perforation lines form dust flaps after opening.

Abstract: The present invention is a tear production measuring sheet that has a pair of measuring strips adapted to be used for the right and left eyes and is disposed side by side in such a manner that the strips have a common scale. Each of the measuring strips is separated from the measuring sheet by a cut formed in the measuring sheet so as to extend around the measuring strip, except for a connection between the measuring strip and the sheet.

Abstract: An automobile window opening and closing device comprising a combination of a hand open/close unit and an automatic (power-operated) open/close unit, so that the two units can be selectively operated in a most suitable way according to the situation and conditions for use and so that the two units can complement each other to provide good economical advantage.

Abstract: A method for impregnating a shaped ceramic material with an impregnation liquid, comprising the steps of placing the shaped ceramic material in the impregnation liquid, and applying an impregnation pressure to the impregnation liquid through a pressure transfer liquid so that the shaped ceramic material is impregnated with the impregnation liquid.

Abstract: A CMOS digital-to-analog converter includes a modified R-2R resistive ladder network connected to 16 pairs of bit switches responsive to the various digital inputs to produce an internal analog voltage representative of the digital input. Each pair of bit switches includes an N-channel MOSFET and a P-channel MOSFET. The on resistance of the P-channel MOSFET is adjusted to precisely match that of the N-channel MOSFET by driving the gate of each P-channel MOSFET with the output of a CMOS inverter referenced between V.sub.CC and a reference voltage that is adjusted to cause the on resistances of a P-channel "monitor" MOSFET and an N-channel "monitor" MOSFET to be equal. A reference voltage is generated by a circuit that generates a temperature-invariant source current from a V.sub.BE difference between first and second transistors, causes part of it to flow through first, second, and third resistors, the third resistor having a voltage across it established by the V.sub.

Abstract: A photodetector comprising a photocell assembly including a substrate and at least one photocell formed on the substrate and having a light receiving face. The photocell assembly is completely embedded in a transparent resin molded body which has a light receiving surface defined therein so as to permit an incoming light incident thereupon to travel direct to the light receiving face of the photocell. The light receiving surface is roughened, recessed, raised, or inclined.

Abstract: A novel method for producing a high-strength inorganic cement article is provided. The method comprises kneading under high shearing force a cement mixture containing as essential components hydraulic cement, a hydrophilic organic binder and water, molding the kneaded mixture into an article having a water-to-solid weight ratio of not more than about 0.2, preliminarily hydrating the molded article, firing the preliminarily hydrated article at about 300.degree. to about 1000.degree. C., and then rehydrating the fired article. The resulting cement article has bending strength of not lower than about 200 kgf/sq.cm without fibrous reinforcing materials and has that of not lower than about 350 kgf/sq.cm when reinforced with heat-resistant fiber materials. The cement article can be advantageously glazed in the above mentioned method by applying a glazing agent to a desired surface of the preliminarily hydrated article and then firing the article.

Abstract: Improved resistance to abrasion, high transparency and a high quality appearance, are obtained by incorporating a filler of an amorphous hydrated silicate having an average particle size of 1 .mu.m or less and by a difference of the refractive index between the filler and a resin matrix in a range of 0.00 to 0.05, preferably 0.01 to 0.03.

Abstract: An applicator for an aerosol-type container having a movable nozzle projecting from its head comprises a cap and a brush attached to the cap. The cap includes, as integrally molded together, a peripheral wall fittable to the head of the container to surround the nozzle, a nozzle pushing member, and a discharge tube fittable to the nozzle for supplying a foam of detergent from the container to the brush for cleaning when the pushing member is depressed. The applicator, which has the brush, can be used and stored as attached to the container.

Abstract: An elastic supporting and sealing member, for mutually supporting a first body and a second body, and for sealing the gap between the first body and the second body, includes a first portion and a second portion of wire net and a piece of thermal foaming material, between the first and the second wire net portion, which expands and foams when it is heated up. A method of making such a member includes the steps of flattening a tubular shaped piece of wire net, and of introducing a strip shaped piece of such thermal foaming material between the two sides of the flattened tube of wire net, so that the longitudinal directions of the strip shaped piece of thermal foaming material and of the flattened wire net tube substantially coincide.

Abstract: A foam liquid dispensing device which mixes liquid capable of foaming and air together and dispenses the mixture as aerosol. The dispensing device comprises a container and a cap detachably attached to the container. The cap includes an outer cover and an inner cover. The outer cover includes a frusto-conical upper portion provided on the top with a jet nozzle. The inner cover includes an inner cylindrical portion having a frusto-conical portion extending upwardly therefrom and provided with a discharge port and a plug at the upper end of the frusto-conical portion, with the frusto-conical portion and plug defining a flow passage in cooperation with the frusto-conical portion of the outer cover. An inverted cylindrical porous member is disposed within the inner cover and has a mixing chamber therein and is provided with an outlet at the top. A check valve is disposed within the mixing chamber below the outlet.

Abstract: A mouth closure assembly for the mouth of a foam liquid dispensing container adapted to mix foamable liquid and air together and dispense the mixture in the form of a foam aerosol. The mouth closure assembly comprises a foaming portion fitted in the mouth of the dispensing container and including a check valve and a porous member and a foam liquid dispensing portion surrounding the foaming portion and including a cavity defined therein and a closure cap fitted on the top of the foam liquid dispensing portion. The foam liquid dispensing portion covers both the foaming portion and container mouth and is secured to the mouth.

Abstract: This invention is based on the discovery by the inventors that, if a preliminary hydration hardening process and a full-scale hydration hardening process are provided after the molding process, and a process for burning a hardened body of cement at a high temperature is provided between the preliminary and full-scale hardening processes, it is possible to obtain a molded product of cement having a higher mechanical strength than any such product according to any known method including no such burning process.

Abstract: A method for producing a single solid metal work piece having different mechanical characteristics in different sections. A groove is cut in the piece between each section. A partitioning wall is inserted in the groove with the remainder of the groove filled with insulating material. Different sections are heated to different quenching temperatures then cooled at the same or different rates. For example, one section may be cooled by water spraying while another is cooled by air blast.

Abstract: A squeeze type foamed liquid dispensing device comprising a squeeze container, an inner cap threaded on the container and defining a mixing chamber receiving a secondary porous foaming member thereabout, a check valve chamber, an air intake port and an air discharge tube receiving portion, an outer or cover cap releasably fitted on the inner cap for normally closing the air intake port and having a foamed liquid jet orifice and an air discharge tube received in the air discharge tube receiving portion of the inner cap and having a primary porous foaming member thereabout.

Abstract: The combination of a transparent substrate, and a plurality of standard signal generating circuits, for developing respective oscillatory output signals at a standard frequency. The plurality of signal generating circuits are disposed on a major surface of the substrate, and each includes at least one unbroken adjusting lead, which can be broken by irradiation with laser light, to set the frequency of the oscillatory output signal.

Abstract: A miniature tape cassette comprises an integral one-piece drawn sheet metal casing having an upper wall, a lower wall and side walls, one side of the casing being opened. Aligned holes are provided in the upper and lower walls of the casing rotatably to receive hub portions of tape spools on which a magnetic tape is wound. The upper wall is provided with integral spring strips which extend from the holes toward a central portion of the open side of the casing. These spring strips flex outwardly to permit the insertion of the tape spools into the casing and then spring back into the plane of the upper wall so as to retain the tape spools in place. Guide rollers adjacent opposite ends of the casing and near the open side have axle portions that are received in slots provided in the upper and lower walls of the casing. Pads for pressing against the tape are provided at opposite ends of a leaf spring which is positioned in the casing by means of a pin having end portions received in the upper and lower wall.

Abstract: A stylus grinding device for use in a video disc player comprises a rotary grinding disc adapted to be rotated at its center during a grinding operation subject to the pickup stylus. The stylus grinding device is designed such that the amount of the pickup stylus to be ground varies depending upon the duration of actual service performed by the pickup stylus to reproduce video information recorded on a flexible foil-type disc record.

Abstract: An indicating device for use in an electronic watch circuit indicating visually on the dial of the watch that the power cell in the circuit is operating properly and the circuit itself is operating properly. Cessation of the visual signal indicates that the cell should be replaced. The device uses a light-emitting element energized intermittently by pulses generated in the watch's electronic driving circuit. The threshold voltage of the light-emitting element is higher than the voltage necessary to adequately drive the driving circuit for keeping time accurately. A drop of the voltage below this threshold results in absence of light emissions and this indicates the cell is near exhaustion and must be replaced.