Abstract: When a driving current value of at least one light emitting element (an organic EL element) has reached a correction limit current value, a controller CPU of a controller constituting a light intensity correcting unit does not correct the light intensity of the light emitting element. Alternatively, the controller CPU may correct the light intensity of the light emitting elements other than a reference light emitting element on the basis of the light intensity of the reference light emitting element using the light element of which the driving current value is greatest as the reference light emitting element.

Abstract: A piezoelectric actuator is constructed by forming a common electrode 27 of Cr, a piezoelectric layer 29 of Pb(Zr,Ti)O3, a cover layer 31 of BaTiO3, and an individual electrode 33 of Pt in this order into a laminate. The thickness of the piezoelectric layer 29 in the lamination direction (T1) and the thickness of the cover layer 31 in the lamination direction (T2) satisfy the relationship of 0.08?T2/T1?1. The relative dielectric constant of the piezoelectric layer 29 (?r1) and the relative dielectric constant of the cover layer 31 (?r2) satisfy the relationship of ?r2/?r1?0.2.

Abstract: A piezoelectric actuator 21 has: a piezoelectric actuator part 22 made up of a common electrode 27, a piezoelectric element 29, and an individual electrode 33; an electrical interconnection joint part 43 formed on the individual electrode 33; an electrical interconnection 45 formed on the electrical interconnection joint part 43; a head block 47 fixed to a nozzle plate 39 through the electrical interconnection 45; and a PI tape 49 disposed within the head block 47. A closed space 57 is defined between the head block 47 and the nozzle plate 39. The closed space 57 is divided by the PI tape 49 into two sections. Of these two sections of the closed space 57, the one on the side of the head block 47 constitutes a first closed space 57a. A moisture absorbent 52 is sealed within the first closed space 57a. Relative humidity within the closed space 57 of the ink jet head 1 is not less than 0% nor more than 20%.

Abstract: In an image forming apparatus, comprising: an optical recording head having a light emitting element array including two or more sets of light emitting element blocks arranged in a line in a main scanning direction, each block including a given number of light emitting elements arranged in a line in the main scanning direction; and, a photo conductor exposable by the light from the optical recording head, the light emitting elements of the light emitting element blocks each having a slow light emitting timing are arranged such that they are shifted downstream in the sub scanning moving direction of the photo conductor according to the light emitting timings thereof with respect to the light emitting elements each having a fast light emitting timing.

Abstract: A patterned, multi-layered thin film structure is patterned using ultra-fast lasers and absorption spectroscopy without damaging underlying layers of the layered structure. The structure is made by selecting ablatable layers based on their thermal, strength and absorption spectra and by using an ultra-fast laser programmed with the appropriate wavelength (?), pulse width (?), spectral width (??), spot size, bite size and fluence. The end structure may have features (such as vias, insulating areas, or inkjet printed areas) patterned in the last (top) layer applied or at deeper layers within the layered structure, and can be used as components of organic light emitting didoes (OLEDs) and organic thin film transistors (OTFTs). The method of the present invention includes determining the product's specifications, providing a substrate, selecting a layer, applying the layer, patterning the layer and determining if more layers need to be added to the multi-layered thin film structure.

Abstract: A patterned, multi-layered thin film structure is patterned using ultra-fast lasers and absorption spectroscopy without damaging underlying layers of the layered structure. The structure is made by selecting ablatable layers based on their thermal, strength and absorption spectra and by using an ultra-fast laser programmed with the appropriate wavelength (?), pulse width (?), spectral width (??), spot size, bite size and fluence. The end structure may have features (such as vias, insulating areas, or inkjet printed areas) patterned in the last (top) layer applied or at deeper layers within the layered structure, and can be used as components of organic light emitting didoes (OLEDs) and organic thin film transistors (OTFTs). The method of the present invention includes determining the product's specifications, providing a substrate, selecting a layer, applying the layer, patterning the layer and determining if more layers need to be added to the multi-layered thin film structure.

Abstract: An electronic paper having a display unit formed of a flexible sheet. The electronic paper comprises the display unit composed of a light-emitting device and a switching device and a drive unit composed of a drive circuit disposed at one edge of the display unit. The light-emitting device and the switching device both operate at low operating frequencies and are made of a flexible organic semiconductor. Since the hardness of the drive unit can be high, a semiconductor device having a high operating frequency such as a C-MOS is provided to the drive unit. Though the switching time is relatively long, the data setting time can be short. As a result, a sharp image can be produced.

Abstract: There is provided a punching unit arranged so that a plurality of punches (52a through 52c and 53 or 89a through 89d) is grouped into a first group having a predetermined number of punches and into a second group containing any one of the punches in the first group and having a less number of punches and so as to produce a punching state of the predetermined number of punches by reciprocating a reciprocating member (35 or 75) within a first movable range and by vertically moving the punches of the first group through an intermediary of cams and followers (62 or 25) corresponding to the first group and another punching state of the less number of punches by reciprocating the reciprocating member (35 or 75) within a second movable range and by vertically moving the punches of the second group through an intermediary of cams and followers corresponding to the second group.

Abstract: In a paper cutting machine for cutting a plurality of sheets of paper stacked one upon another on a table, including a paper support (2) moving down from above along longitudinal beams (19, 19) and a cutter (3) moving up from below in an oblique direction, the paper support (2) having a rest (18) for receiving a cutting edge of the cutter, a function of moving the rest (18) in a predetermined pitch whenever the number of strokes of the cutter (3) reaches a predetermined number of times is provided. Accordingly, even when the cutting edge of the cutter cuts into the rest and gets deteriorated, the cutter need not be exchanged immediately, life of the rest can be elongated and the number of sheets cut till exchange can be drastically improved.

Abstract: A piezoelectric actuator includes a vibration plate 26, a common electrode 27 formed on the vibration plate 26, a piezoelectric element 29 formed on the common electrode 27, a crystal control layer 28 formed on the piezoelectric element 29, a separate electrode 33 formed on the crystal control layer 28, and an electrode line 34 formed on the piezoelectric element 29. The crystal control layer 28 is formed in the displacement region. The crystalline structure of a piezoelectric element 29a in the displacement region is a perovskite structure, and that of a piezoelectric element 29b in the wiring region is a pyrochlore structure.

Abstract: A paper cutting machine for cutting stacked plural paper sheets placed on a table (4). The machine includes a paper holder (2), which moves downward from the above along a vertical guide, a cutter blade (3) for moving upward from below the table (4). As a paper holder mechanism for the paper holder (2), a first nut (8) is screwed to a screw (7) to be rotated by a first motor (10). The first nut (8) and the paper holder (2) are coupled together via a link (5), and the cutter blade (3) is attached to a guide (13) formed with a tilted guide groove (14). An inner slider (15) protruding from the cutter blade (3) is fit to the guide groove (14), and the inner slider (15) engages with and coupled to a vertical groove (25) formed in a moving element (20). The moving element (20) is the one coupled with a second nut (19) screwed to a second screw (16) to be rotated by a second motor (17).

Abstract: A ferroelectric element is described which has a structure including a common electrode 11, a ferroelectric film 10 formed on the common electrode 11, an individual electrode 3 formed on the ferroelectric film 10, a lead wire 15 for feeding electric power to the individual electrode 3, which is formed on the same plane as of the individual electrode 3, and a protection film 16 entirely covering the exposed parts of the ferroelectric film 10 and the individual electrode 3, and covering the lead wire 15. The protection film 16 is preferably made of a material whose Young's modulus is smaller than that of the ferroelectric film 10, exactly 1/20 or smaller of the Young's modulus of the ferroelectric film 10. Further, the ferroelectric film is formed with the insulation reinforcing film containing at least one of the elements constituting the ferroelectric film.

Abstract: A patterned, multi-layered thin film structure is patterned using ultra-fast lasers and absorption spectroscopy without damaging underlying layers of the layered structure. The structure is made by selecting ablatable layers based on their thermal, strength and absorption spectra and by using an ultra-fast laser programmed with the appropriate wavelength (?), pulse width (?), spectral width (??), spot size, bite size and fluence. The end structure may have features (such as vias, insulating areas, or inkjet printed areas) patterned in the last (top) layer applied or at deeper layers within the layered structure, and can be used as components of organic light emitting didoes (OLEDs) and organic thin film transistors (OTFTs). The method of the present invention includes determining the product's specifications, providing a substrate, selecting a layer, applying the layer, patterning the layer and determining if more layers need to be added to the multi-layered thin film structure.

Abstract: A compound having 3-oxo-3, 4-dihydro-2H-1, 4-thiazine 4-tetrahydropyrazine as a main skeleton. The compound is a chymase inhibitor and is represented by the following formula [I] and salts thereof: In the formula [I], X is S; R1 and R2 are H, alkyl, cycloalkyl or aryl; R3 and R4 are H, alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl or an aromatic heterocycle; R5 is H, alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl or -A3-A4-R7; R6 is H, alkyl, cycloalkyl, hydroxy, alkoxy, aryl, aryloxy or an aromatic heterocycle; R7 is H, alkyl, hydroxy, alkoxy, aryl, aryloxy, amino, alkylamino, arylamino, an aromatic heterocycle or a nonaromatic heterocycle; A1 is alkylene; A2 is carbonyl or sulfonyl; A3 is alkylene; A4 is carbonyl or oxalyl; and n is 0 or 1.

Abstract: A piezoelectric actuator 21 has: a piezoelectric actuator part 22 made up of a common electrode 27, a piezoelectric element 29, and an individual electrode 33; an electrical interconnection joint part 43 formed on the individual electrode 33; an electrical interconnection 45 formed on the electrical interconnection joint part 43; a head block 47 fixed to a nozzle plate 39 through the electrical interconnection 45; and a PI tape 49 disposed within the head block 47. A closed space 57 is defined between the head block 47 and the nozzle plate 39. The closed space 57 is divided by the PI tape 49 into two sections. Of these two sections of the closed space 57, the one on the side of the head block 47 constitutes a first closed space 57a. A moisture absorbent 52 is sealed within the first closed space 57a. Relative humidity within the closed space 57 of the ink jet head 1 is not less than 0% nor more than 20%.

Abstract: A piezoelectric actuator 21 has: a piezoelectric actuator part 22 made up of a common electrode 27, a piezoelectric element 29, and an individual electrode 33; an electrical interconnection joint part 43 formed on the individual electrode 33; an electrical interconnection 45 formed on the electrical interconnection joint part 43; a head block 47 fixed to a nozzle plate 39 through the electrical interconnection 45; and a PI tape 49 disposed within the head block 47. A closed space 57 is defined between the head block 47 and the nozzle plate 39. The closed space 57 is divided by the PI tape 49 into two sections. Of these two sections of the closed space 57, the one on the side of the head block 47 constitutes a first closed space 57a. A moisture absorbent 52 is sealed within the first closed space 57a. Relative humidity within the closed space 57 of the ink jet head 1 is not less than 0% nor more than 20%.

Abstract: A piezoelectric actuator is constructed by forming a common electrode 27 of Cr, a piezoelectric layer 29 of Pb(Zr,Ti)O3, a cover layer 31 of BaTiO3, and an individual electrode 33 of Pt in this order into a laminate. The thickness of the piezoelectric layer 29 in the lamination direction (T1) and the thickness of the cover layer 31 in the lamination direction (T2) satisfy the relationship of 0.08?T2/T1?1. The relative dielectric constant of the piezoelectric layer 29 (?r1) and the relative dielectric constant of the cover layer 31 (?r2) satisfy the relationship of ?r2/?r1?0.2.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to find new pharmacological actions of urea compounds having structure represented by the general formula [1]. The urea compounds having the structure represented by the general formula [1] have excellent angiogenesis inhibitory actions. [wherein “A” is —(NR4)—, —(CR5R6)— or —O—, “B” is alkylene or alkenylene, R1, R2, R4, R5 and R6 are hydrogen, alkyl, alkenyl, adamantylalkyl or the like, R3 is aryl or an unsaturated heterocycle, and X is oxygen or sulfur.

Abstract: In view of providing a network system enabling communication having passed fire walls (repeaters) and assuring high security and operation flexibility through access control based on users and applications, a user-held table indicating correspondence between repeaters and passwords, a repeater-held table indicating correspondence between users and passwords and a table indicating access regions are defined respectively for users, departments of users and official positions of users and a route control information storing table indicating correspondence between networks and next transmitting destination is also provided to execute the access control for each user.

Abstract: A compound having 3-oxo-3,4-dihydro-2H-1,4-thiazine 4-tetrahydropyrazine as a main skeleton.