Abstract: In a method for producing hydrogen and carboxylic acid, a primary alcohol of 1 to 7 carbon atoms and water are reacted by being continuously introduced into a flow reactor packed with a solid catalyst consisting of an alloy of ruthenium and tin on a support and passed through the reactor under temperature and pressure conditions at which the water assumes a gaseous state. This method enables hydrogen and carboxylic acid to be produced in a high yield or at a high purity from a primary alcohol and water in a short time and by simple operations.

Abstract: An easily breakable plastic capsule according to the present invention comprises a hollow cylindrical body capable of elastic deformation. The body is packed with a fluid material. An end wall of the body is formed with a plurality of radially extending grooves. When the body is deformed elastically, the bottom walls of the grooves are broken, so that the material flows out of the body through tears in the grooves. A water filter according to the present invention comprises a casing, made of paper and coupled to a cigarette, and a filter member and the capsule arranged in the casing. The grooved end wall of the capsule is situated in close vicinity to the filter member.

Abstract: A decorative laminated structure having on its surface a pattern composed of concaves and convexes which are formed by local heat shrinkages of a layer of a heat-shrinkable resin sheet employed. Such decorative laminated structure can be obtained by laying a base, a heat-shrinkable resin sheet and a picture layer containing at least a plurality of heat sensitive picture areas in a predetermined order to form a composite material, said heat sensitive picture areas being contiguous and closely adherent to said heat-shrinkable resin sheet; and irradiating the resulting composite material with a heat ray to cause said heat-shrinkable resin sheet at its portions corresponding to said heat sensitive picture areas to cave in, thus forming concaves.

Abstract: This invention provides a decorative laminated structure having on the surface a pattern composed of concaves, at least one of said concaves having an opening at its bottom portion formed by local heat shrinkage of a layer of a heat-shrinkable resin sheet employed. Such decorative laminated structure is prepared by a method comprising forming a composite layer structure including a base, a heat-shrinkable resin sheet, a picture layer containing heat insensitive picture areas and another picture layer having heat sensitive picture areas, said heat sensitive picture areas being contiguous and closely adherent to said heat-shrinkable resin sheet; and irradiating the composite layer structure with a heat ray in an amount sufficient for making an opening in the heat-shrinkable resin sheet to thereby cause the heat-shrinkable resin sheet to shrink locally and form concaves, at least one of said concaves having an opening at its bottom portion at portions corresponding to the heat sensitive picture areas.

Abstract: A decorative laminated structure having on its surface a pattern composed of concaves and convexes which are formed by local heat shrinkages of a layer of a heat-shrinkable resin sheet employed. Such decorative laminated structure can be obtained by laying a base, a heat-shrinkable resin sheet and a picture layer containing at least a plurality of heat sensitive picture areas in a predetermined order to form a composite material, said heat sensitive picture areas being contiguous and closely adherent to said heat-shrinkable resin sheet; and irradiating the resulting composite material with a heat ray to cause said heat-shrinkable resin sheet at its portions corresponding to said heat sensitive picture areas to cave in, thus forming concaves.