Abstract: A fundamental laser beam is wavelength converted through nonlinear optical crystals by traveling in one direction, sequentially through two nonlinear optical crystals arranged in series. A wavelength-converted laser beam is generated and includes wavelength-converted laser beams having polarized directions differing from each other by angles in a range from 45° to 90°. The two nonlinear optical crystals have crystal orientation axes differing by 45° to 90° when viewed along the optical axis of the laser beam.

Abstract: A plasma display apparatus includes a plurality of display element electrodes each constituted of a pair of electrode segments having linear edges opposing each other, with a predetermined distance provided therebetween, the width of each of the electrode segments becoming narrower in the direction away from the associated one of the linear edges. The plasma display apparatus also includes a barrier structure, the inner surfaces of which being disposed along the outer ends of the plurality of display element electrodes and thereby defining a plurality of cells each of which is to be activated by the associated one of the plurality of display element electrodes so as to emit light. In the plasma display apparatus, ultraviolet rays caused by a discharge are efficiently transmitted to phosphor members on the surfaces of cells to emit light with a reduced loss of energy.

Abstract: A whipping cream which retains milky flavor/body taste and material properties and combines inconsistent functions, i.e., good meltability in the mouth and thermal stability in shape retention/unsusceptibility to water separation, is obtained by a relatively easy method. An O/W emulsion for whipping creams (referred to as “low-water-content emulsion”) is provided. When added to a whipping cream, the emulsion not only can enhance milky flavor and body taste but also enables the cream to reconcile good meltability in the mouth with thermal stability in shape retention/unsusceptibility to water separation.

Abstract: Coatings for bakery/confectionery use and coated cakes or breads. These coatings have transparency like glaze, and appearance and crispiness like fondant, and suffer from neither stickiness nor sugar-sagging with the passage of time after coating. Coatings for bakery/confectionery use comprising fat and sugar as the main components and containing coarse grains of non-fat components having a grain size of 50 ?m or more; and a process for producing a coating for bakery/confectionery use characterized by heating materials, which comprise fat and sugar as the main components and contain coarse grains of non-fat components having a grain size of 50 ?m or more, to the melting temperature of the fat or above and solidifying the same substantially without pulverizing.

Abstract: A plasma display apparatus includes a plurality of display element electrodes each constituted of a pair of electrode segments having linear edges opposing each other, with a predetermined distance provided therebetween, the width of each of the electrode segments becoming narrower in the direction away from the associated one of the linear edges. The plasma display apparatus also includes a barrier structure, the inner surfaces of which being disposed along the outer ends of the plurality of display element electrodes and thereby defining a plurality of cells each of which is to be activated by the associated one of the plurality of display element electrodes so as to emit light. In the plasma display apparatus, ultraviolet rays caused by a discharge are efficiently transmitted to phosphor members on the surfaces of cells to emit light with a reduced loss of energy.

Abstract: A plasma display apparatus includes a plurality of display element electrodes each constituted of a pair of electrode segments having linear edges opposing each other, with a predetermined distance provided therebetween, the width of each of the electrode segments becoming narrower in the direction away from the associated one of the linear edges. The plasma display apparatus also includes a barrier structure, the inner surfaces of which being disposed along the outer ends of the plurality of display element electrodes and thereby defining a plurality of cells each of which is to be activated by the associated one of the plurality of display element electrodes so as to emit light. In the plasma display apparatus, ultraviolet rays caused by a discharge are efficiently transmitted to phosphor members on the surfaces of cells to emit light with a reduced loss of energy.

Abstract: A fundamental laser beam to is wavelength converted through nonlinear optical crystals by traveling in one direction, sequentially through two nonlinear optical crystals arranged in series. A wavelength-converted laser beam is generated and includes wavelength-converted laser beams having polarized directions differing from each other by angles in a range from 45° to 90°. The two nonlinear optical crystals have crystal orientation axes differing by 45° to 90° when viewed along the optical axis of the laser beam.

Abstract: The present invention provides a ganache-type chocolate composition outstanding in inclusion (mechanical) fitness when contained in confectionery dough, and moreover having good baking tolerance. The chocolate composition includes 1 to 30 wt. % non-fat cacao part, 10 to 50 wt. % fats/oils, 4 to 40 wt. % moisture and by anhydride conversion, 0.2 to 10 wt. % heat-coagulating proteins, and is in non-liquid at 5° C. Chocolate confectionery may be easily manufactured by including or coating this chocolate composition in/on other confectionery dough. Moreover, separately baking the chocolate composition itself can provide chocolate confectionery having new tastes/textures.

Abstract: A plasma display apparatus includes a plurality of display element electrodes each constituted of a pair of electrode segments having linear edges opposing each other, with a predetermined distance provided therebetween, the width of each of the electrode segments becoming narrower in the direction away from the associated one of the linear edges. The plasma display apparatus also includes a barrier structure, the inner surfaces of which being disposed along the outer ends of the plurality of display element electrodes and thereby defining a plurality of cells each of which is to be activated by the associated one of the plurality of display element electrodes so as to emit light. In the plasma display apparatus, ultraviolet rays caused by a discharge are efficiently transmitted to phosphor members on the surfaces of cells to emit light with a reduced loss of energy.

Abstract: The present invention is a method for manufacturing a water-in-oil type water-containing chocolates by mixing chocolate foodstuff with aqueous components, wherein sucrose-fatty acid ester, whose HLB value is 3 or less and the number of carbon atoms in its main constituent fatty acid is 16-18, and polyglycerin polyricinoleate is each used in the range of 0.05 wt. % to 5.0 wt. % with respect to the chocolate foodstuff.

Abstract: An electron source includes a cathode electrode having an emitter of conical shape. A first insulating film surrounds the emitter. A first extracting electrode disposed on the first insulating film draws out electrons from the emitter. A second insulating film is disposed on the extracting electrode and a focusing electrode is disposed on the second insulating film for focusing the electrons. The films and electrodes are hollowed to constitute a well surrounding the emitter, and the electrodes are applied predetermined voltages respectively to control the electrons emitted from the emitter. A disturbance that the voltage applied to the focusing electrode causes to the electric field around a summit of the emitter is suppressed. The electrode source may be made by determining a thickness of a masking material so that, when forming the conical emitter, an area occupied by the films deposited on the masking material in the well is smaller than the well when all the films have been completed.

Abstract: A thin-film magnetic head element comprising, on an insulative substrate, a core made by laminating a magnetic film for the lower core and a magnetic film for the upper core provided with a head gap which forms a magnetic pole generating a recording magnetic field, and a conductive film for coil crossing with the core through an insulator, being provided with a concave void which makes the shape of the magnetic pole in the vicinity of the head gap to be concave. The depth of the head gap is made shallow and the thickness of the magnetic pole outside the vicinity of the head gap satisfactorily thick. The length of the concave void in the moving direction of a recording medium is 1 to 7 .mu.m.