Abstract: A dispersion of exfoliated particles which includes at least one nitrogen-containing basic compound (A) which is a tertiary amine or a quaternary ammonium hydroxide having at least one alkyl group having 3 or 4 carbon atoms, and in which exfoliated particles (C) produced by interlayer-exfoliating a proton-type layered polysilicate compound (B) are dispersed in an aqueous solution (D) having 10 vol % to 90 vol % of an alcohol having 1 to 3 carbon atoms; and a film-forming composition, a porous body-forming composition, an LB film, a coating film, a free-standing membrane, a proton conductor, an electrolyte membrane for fuel cells, and a porous body each containing exfoliated particles.

Abstract: In an industrial vehicle, a controller controls an energizing state of an electromagnetic control valve. The controller is electrically connected to a driver detection switch and a position detection switch. The controller breaks energization of the electromagnetic control valve if the driver detection switch detects that a driver of the vehicle is not seated. The controller energizes or reenergizes the electromagnetic control valve if the driver detection switch detects that the driver is seated and the position detection switch detects that the manipulation position of the direction indication member is a neutral position and then a forward or backward position.

Abstract: An anomaly judgment system includes an actuating switch and an anomaly judgment unit for judging anomaly of an operator detection device that is turned into an ON state when detecting an operator in a vehicle. The actuating switch is operable to be turned into an ON state by the operator. The anomaly judgment unit judges the operator detection device as anomalous when a time period during which the actuating switch is in an OFF state with the operator detection device in the ON state exceeds a predetermined time period.

Abstract: In an industrial vehicle, a controller controls an energizing state of an electromagnetic control valve. The controller is electrically connected to a driver detection switch and a position detection switch. The controller breaks energization of the electromagnetic control valve if the driver detection switch detects that a driver of the vehicle is not seated. The controller energizes or reenergizes the electromagnetic control valve if the driver detection switch detects that the driver is seated and the position detection switch detects that the manipulation position of the direction indication member is a neutral position and then a forward or backward position.

Abstract: An anomaly judgment system includes an actuating switch and an anomaly judgment unit for judging anomaly of an operator detection device that is turned into an ON state when detecting an operator in a vehicle. The actuating switch is operable to be turned into an ON state by the operator. The anomaly judgment unit judges the operator detection device as anomalous when a time period during which the actuating switch is in an OFF state with the operator detection device in the ON state exceeds a predetermined time period.

Abstract: An analog filter is connected at the output of a D/A converter. The analog filter eliminates higher frequency components than the original basic frequencies for a digital audio system and improves the phase characteristic. The analog filter comprises a plurality of band elimination filters that have respective cutoff frequencies of integral multiples of the sampling frequency fs. An audio amplifying circuit is connected to the analog filter. Each band elimination filter eliminates side band components close to integral multiples of the sampling frequency. By such construction, the analog filter has the necessary amplitude characteristic and lessens phase shift within the basic frequency.

Abstract: In a direct coupled type vacuum tube amplifying circuit, to stabilize the operation and simplify the feedback loop, a plate power source EB5 is connected to a plate of a vacuum tube V5 of a first stage through a constant current source 1. A grid of a vacuum tube V6 of a next stage is connected to the plate of the vacuum tube V5 through a first resistance R3. A second resistance R4 is connected between the grid and the cathode of the vacuum tube V6. A negative power source EC6 is connected to the resistance R4 through a constant current source 2. In this constitution, the grid bias voltage of the second vacuum tube V6 is defined by the voltage drop of the second resistance R4.

Abstract: A data processing system with data transmission failure recovery measures includes a plurality of first POS terminals and a plurality of second POS terminals. Each POS terminal is connected to two transmission lines. A first file server is connected to one of the transmission lines. A second file server having stored contents identical to that of the first file server is connected to the other transmission line. The first POS terminal accesses the first file server, and the second POS terminal accesses the second file server during normal transmission. This permits incorporation of a plurality of files and allows a large number of POS terminals to be installed while alleviating access concentration of the files. Because the transmission lines and files are multiplexed, data processing including data transmission can be continued, thereby avoiding a system down, by switching from the normal transmission line or file when a transmission failure occurs.

Abstract: A cutting device is provided for use with a printer having a plurality of movable blades which are disposed in side-by-side relationship and driven in a direction perpendicular to the length of the blade. A plurality of solenoids are provided for driving each movable blade. A spring, which is arranged to be depressed by the movement of the movable blade, applies a pressure to the paper to fix the paper in position before the movable blade reaches the cutting position.

Abstract: A transaction processing system comprises an electronic cash register machine (ECR) and a balance settling machine. The ECR includes a keyboard from which the figures for individual items in one transaction are entered, and a memory in which the cumulative records of the figures are stored. An actual amount of money temporarily paid by a customer for the purchased items is also entered from the keyboard. A balance data representing an outstanding balance of money to be returned to the customer is calculated in the ECR. A recording medium on which the appropriate identification (ID) code is recorded is handed to the customer. The cash transaction data and the appropriate balance data together with the customer's ID code are sent to the balance settling machine.When the customer inserts his or her recording medium into the balance, settling machine, the ID code on the recording medium is read.