Abstract: An exposure apparatus includes a projection optical system for projecting a multigradation pattern onto an object, a spatial modulation element that includes plural, two-dimensionally arranged pixels, and forms an optical image by binary control over each pixel, and a superposing optical system for forming the multigradation pattern by superposing the optical images for each row and/or for each column.

Abstract: A film feed control device of a camera in a prewind method in which unexposed film is pulled out from a loaded film cartridge and rewound into the film cartridge for each photography comprises a frame number memory for storing an exposable frame number of said film, a frame counter for counting a feed frame number by detecting the perforations of said film, a pulled-out film length detector for detecting that said exposable frame number of frames are pulled out from said film cartridge, based on said feed frame number counted by said frame counter and said exposable frame number stored in said frame number memory, and a film feed control for controlling the film feed so as to pull out said film by a predetermined amount even after the pull-out of the exposable frame number is detected, and then to oppose the first frame to be set at a predetermined position of said film to an aperture by reversing the film feed direction, when unexposed film is pulled out prior to photographing.