Abstract: An electrode manufacturing method includes a first step of applying an electrode liquid composition in a desired shape at a desired position on a substrate, the electrode liquid composition containing an electrode mixture material; a second step of acquiring positional information as to where the electrode liquid composition is applied; and a third step of cutting only the substrate at a desired position in a region other than an electrode mixture material region where the electrode liquid composition is applied to obtain an electrode cut out in a desired shape.

Abstract: A disclosed film electrode includes an electrode base, and an active material layer formed on the electrode base, and a resin layer adhering to at least one of a peripheral portion of the active material layer and a surface of the active material layer in a direction extending along a plane of the electrode base.

Abstract: Provided is a liquid composition including a polymerizable compound and a liquid. The polymerizable compound includes a polymerizable compound having a functional group capable of forming a covalent bond with a hydroxyl group. The liquid composition forms a porous resin by polymerization. The light transmittance at a wavelength of 550 nm measured while stirring the liquid composition is 30% or more. In a process where the liquid composition forms the porous resin by polymerization, an increase rate of a haze value of a haze measuring element before and after the polymerization is 1.0% or more.

Abstract: A porous structure having pores communicating with each other is provided. The porous structure includes a porous structure portion A comprising a resin A and a porous structure portion B comprising a resin B. The porous structure portion A and the porous structure portion B are continuously integrated, and the resin A and the resin B are composed of different constituents.

Abstract: A liquid composition set contains a liquid composition X, containing a polymerizable compound X and a solvent X, and a liquid composition Y, containing a solvent Y. The liquid composition X is to form a porous resin. A liquid composition Z containing 10.0% by mass of the liquid composition X and 90.0% by mass of the liquid composition Y has a light transmittance of 30% or more at a wavelength of 550 nm, where the light transmittance is measured while the liquid composition Z is being stirred. A haze measuring element produced from the liquid composition Z has a haze increasing rate of 1.0% or more.

Abstract: A liquid composition that contains a polymerizable compound and a solvent, and that can form a porous resin. The liquid composition, when stirred, transmits at least 30 percent of incident light having a wavelength of 550 nm. The haze value of an containing the liquid composition increases by 1.0 percent or more when the element containing the liquid composition is cured.

Abstract: An anti-pathogen structure includes a resin structure having a plurality of openings in a surface of the resin structure, wherein the resin structure has an antimicrobial activity or an antiviral activity.

Abstract: A disclosed film electrode includes an electrode base, and an active material layer formed on the electrode base, and a resin layer adhering to at least one of a peripheral portion of the active material layer and a surface of the active material layer in a direction extending along a plane of the electrode base.

Abstract: A disclosed film electrode includes an electrode base, and an active material layer formed on the electrode base, and a resin layer adhering to at least one of a peripheral portion of the active material layer and a surface of the active material layer in a direction extending along a plane of the electrode base.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention provide a method for producing a conductor. The method includes: applying a resin forming composition containing a polymerizable compound and a solvent on a substrate; polymerizing the polymerizable compound in the applied resin forming composition to form a resin structure that is porous on the substrate; and applying a conductor forming composition containing at least one selected from the group consisting of metal oxide particles and metal particles on the resin structure.

Abstract: In accordance with some embodiments of the present invention, an electrode was provided. The electrode includes an electrode composite layer and a porous insulating layer on the electrode composite layer. The electrode composite layer contains an active material. A surface roughness Rz of the electrode composite layer is smaller than an average film thickness of the porous insulating layer.

Abstract: A liquid composition for an electrode composite material is provided. The liquid composition comprises an active material, a dispersion medium, and a polymerizable compound. A viscosity of the liquid composition at 25 degrees C. is a viscosity at which the liquid composition is dischargeable from a liquid discharge head.

Abstract: A liquid composition set is provided. The liquid composition set comprises: a liquid composition X comprising a polymerizable compound X and a solvent X; and a liquid composition Y comprising a solvent Y. The liquid composition X is to form a porous resin, and has a smaller surface tension than the liquid composition Y.

Abstract: An electrochromic element is provided including: a first substrate; a first electrode overlying the first substrate; a second substrate disposed at a distance from the first electrode; a second electrode overlying the second substrate; a first electrochemical reaction layer in contact with the first electrode; a second electrochemical reaction layer in contact with the second electrode; and an electrolyte layer between the first electrode and the second electrode. One of the first electrochemical reaction layer and the second electrochemical reaction layer is in a reversibly oxidizable state and the other is in a reversibly reducible state, at least one of the first electrochemical reaction layer and the second electrochemical reaction layer is an electrochromic layer, and E1??0.8 V (vs. FC/FC+) and E2??0.8 V (vs. FC/FC+) are satisfied, where E1 and E2 represent oxidation-reduction potentials of the first electrochemical reaction layer and the second electrochemical reaction layer, respectively.

Abstract: A porous insulator contains a porous structure, containing a polymer compound having communicating pores, and a solid having a melting point or glass transition temperature lower than that of the polymer compound.

Abstract: Provided is an electrochromic display device including a pair of supporting substrates facing each other, a pair of electrodes each disposed on the supporting substrate and facing each other, an electrochromic display layer disposed in contact with at least one of the pair of the electrodes, and an electrolyte layer disposed between the pair of the electrode, wherein the electrochromic display layer includes a plurality of electrochromic layers exhibiting mutually different coloring colors, and the plurality of the electrochromic layers are laminated on the electrode at least in a partial area of the electrode.

Abstract: A porous insulator is provided. The porous insulator comprises a porous structure comprising a polymer compound having communicating pores, and a solid having a melting point or glass transition temperature lower than that of the polymer compound.

Abstract: To provide an electrochromic element, which contains: a first electrode; a second electrode; and an electrolyte provided between the first electrode and the second electrode, wherein the first electrode contains a polymer product obtained through polymerization of an electrochromic composition where the electrochromic composition contains a radical polymerizable compound containing triarylamine.

Abstract: A liquid composition that contains a polymerizable compound and a solvent, and that can form a porous resin. The liquid composition, when stirred, transmits at least 30 percent of incident light having a wavelength of 550 nm. The haze value of an containing the liquid composition increases by 1.0 percent or more when the element containing the liquid composition is cured.

Abstract: A liquid composition that contains a polymerizable compound and a solvent, and that can form a porous resin. The liquid composition, when stirred, transmits at least 30 percent of incident light having a wavelength of 550 nm. The haze value of an containing the liquid composition increases by 1.0 percent or more when the element containing the liquid composition is cured.