Abstract: An electrode structure includes: a plurality of pixel electrodes arranged separately from each other; and a plurality of dielectric layers laminated in a first direction with respect to the plurality of pixel electrodes, in which the plurality of dielectric layers includes: a first dielectric layer that spreads over the plurality of pixel electrodes in a direction intersecting with the first direction; and a second dielectric layer that includes dielectric material having a refractive index higher than that of the first dielectric layer, sandwiches the first dielectric layer together with the plurality of pixel electrodes, and has a slit at a position overlapping space between pixel electrodes adjacent when viewed from the first direction.

Abstract: A programmable logic controller performs execution of a program in each set period and repeats the execution of the program. The first device storage stores a device value that is an input value and an output value of the program. The second device storage stores the device value stored in the first device storage in a previous period. In a case in which a reading target preset for a device designated by a monitor request received from an engineering tool is the first device storage, the command processor reads the device value stored in the first device storage after execution of the program in a current period is completed, and in a case in which the reading target is the second device storage, the command processor immediately reads the device value stored in the second device storage. The command transmission/reception element transmits the device value to the engineering tool.

Abstract: A programmable logic controller performs execution of a program in each set period and repeats the execution of the program. The first device storage stores a device value that is an input value and an output value of the program. The second device storage stores the device value stored in the first device storage in a previous period. In a case in which a reading target preset for a device designated by a monitor request received from an engineering tool is the first device storage, the command processor reads the device value stored in the first device storage after execution of the program in a current period is completed, and in a case in which the reading target is the second device storage, the command processor immediately reads the device value stored in the second device storage. The command transmission/reception element transmits the device value to the engineering tool.

Abstract: A processing method of a lithographic printing plate precursor includes: exposing imagewise a lithographic printing plate precursor comprising a support on a surface of which at least one of: a hydrophilizing treatment; and an undercoat layer has been provided and an image-recording layer, to cure an exposed area of the image-recording layer; and undergoing developing processing with an aqueous solution having pH of from 2 to 10, wherein the aqueous solution comprises an amphoteric surfactant and an anionic surfactant selected from an anionic surfactant having an aliphatic chain and a total number of carbon atoms included in the aliphatic chain of 6 or more and an anionic surfactant having an aromatic ring and a total number of carbon atoms of 12 or more, and a content of the anionic surfactant is from 0.1 to 3.3% by weight of the aqueous solution.

Abstract: A processing method of a lithographic printing plate precursor includes: exposing imagewise a lithographic printing plate precursor comprising a support on a surface of which at least one of: a hydrophilizing treatment; and an undercoat layer has been provided and an image-recording layer, to cure an exposed area of the image-recording layer; and undergoing developing processing with an aqueous solution having pH of from 2 to 10, wherein the aqueous solution comprises an amphoteric surfactant and an anionic surfactant selected from an anionic surfactant having an aliphatic chain and a total number of carbon atoms included in the aliphatic chain of 6 or more and an anionic surfactant having an aromatic ring and a total number of carbon atoms of 12 or more, and a content of the anionic surfactant is from 0.1 to 3.3% by weight of the aqueous solution.

Abstract: Provided is a process for making a relief printing plate in which a residue on the plate that is generated during engraving can be easily removed and a rinsing liquid for making a relief printing plate that is suitably used for the process for making a relief printing plate. A process for making a relief printing plate includes a step of preparing a relief printing plate precursor having a relief-forming layer, a step of engraving the relief printing plate precursor by exposure, and a step of removing an engraved residue generated by the engraving with a rinsing liquid in this order, wherein the rinsing liquid is an aqueous solution having a pH of 9 or higher, and wherein the engraved residue contains a polymer having a group represented by Formula (I) below.

Abstract: A developing solution containing at least one of compounds represented by the formulae <1>, <2> and <3> as defined herein, and having a pH of from 2 to 10; and a method for producing a lithographic printing plate, including imagewise exposing a lithographic printing plate precursor including an image recording layer and a support to cure the image recording layer in the exposed area, and developing the exposed lithographic printing plate precursor with an aqueous solution containing at least one of the compounds represented by the formulae <1>, <2> and <3> as defined herein and having a pH of 2 to 10 are provided.

Abstract: A developing solution includes at least one of a compound represented by formula (I) and a compound represented by formula (II) and being at pH 2 to 10: wherein, in the formula (I) and (II), R1 to R10 each independently represent one of a hydrogen atom an alkyl group; “l” represents an integer of 1 to 3; and X1 and X2 each independently represent one of a sulfonate salt, a sulfate monoester salt, a carboxylate salt and a phosphate salt, provided that the total sum of the carbon atoms in R1 to R5 and the total sum of the carbon atoms in R6 to R10, respectively is 3 or more.

Abstract: According to a method of preparing a lithographic printing plate substantially comprising a step of imagewise exposing a negative lithographic printing plate precursor having an image-recording layer containing (i) a sensitizing dye, (ii) a photopolymerization initiator, (iii) an addition polymerizable compound having an ethylenically unsaturated double bond and (iv) a binder polymer on a support and a step of processing the exposed lithographic printing plate precursor with an aqueous solution containing a carbonate ion, a hydrogen carbonate ion and a surfactant, the processing property is improved, a printing plate free from the tackiness on the surface thereof can be provided, even when the printing plate is stored after the development until printing, deterioration of the printing durability does not occur, and it becomes possible to conduct one solution development with a weak alkaline processing solution.

Abstract: To provide a method of preparing a lithographic printing plate which is safe, exhibits excellent developing property and processing ability, and enables processing with one solution by processing after image exposure, a negative lithographic printing plate precursor having an image-recording layer containing (i) a sensitizing dye, (ii) a photopolymerization initiator, (iii) an addition polymerizable compound having an ethylenically unsaturated double bond, and (iv) a binder polymer on a hydrophilic support with an aqueous solution containing a carbonate ion, a hydrogen carbonate ion and a water-soluble polymer compound.

Abstract: An immersion type automatic developing apparatus for a lithographic printing plate in which removal of a non-image area is conducted in a state where a lithographic printing plate precursor having on a support an image-recording layer exposed imagewise is immersed in a developing bath filled with an aqueous solution containing a carbonate ion, a hydrogen carbonate ion and a water-soluble polymer compound, wherein a developer composed of the aqueous solution is circulated between the immersion type developing bath forming a processing pass line and an external tank provided outside the processing path line so as to keep constant a liquid level of the immersion type developing bath.

Abstract: A lithographic printing plate precursor includes: a support; and a photosensitive layer containing a binder polymer containing a positively charged nitrogen atom in at least one of a main chain and a side chain of the binder polymer, a compound containing an ethylenically unsubstituted bond; and a radical polymerization initiator.

Abstract: A method for preparation of a lithographic printing plate including: exposing with a laser a lithographic printing plate precursor including a support and a photosensitive layer containing a sensitizing dye, a radical polymerization initiator, a radical polymerizable compound and a binder polymer; and subjecting the exposed lithographic printing plate precursor to development processing with a developer having pH of from 3 to 9 to remove an unexposed area of the photosensitive layer, wherein the binder polymer is a polymer having an acid value of from 10 to 250 mg-KOH/g and the developer contains a compound represented by one of the formulae <1>, <2> and <3> defined herein.

Abstract: A gas sensor including: a cylindrical metal shell; a detection element having a detection portion provided on a front end side thereof, the detection element being fixed inside the metal shell while the detection portion of the detection element protrudes from a front end side of the metal shell; and an element protection cap having ventholes, the element protection cap being fixed to the metal shell so that the detection portion of the detection element is covered with the element protection cap. A crimping cylindrical portion is provided which extends to a front end side of the metal shell. A protrusion portion of the element protection cap which abuts a metal ring packing is provided with concave and convex portions outward along an outer circumferential direction. As such, the metal ring packing is deformed so as to be interlocked with the concave and convex portions when the crimping cylindrical portion is compressively deformed.

Abstract: A method for preparing a lithographic printing plate, includes: exposing imagewise a lithographic printing plate precursor including a hydrophilic support and an image-recording layer containing a sensitizing dye, a polymerization initiator, an addition polymerizable compound having an ethylenically unsaturated double bond and a binder polymer; and processing the imagewise exposed lithographic printing plate precursor in a state where the imagewise exposed lithographic printing plate precursor is immersed in a developing tank holding an aqueous solution having pH of 8.5 to 10.8 and containing a low molecular weight hydroxycarboxylate ion, a pH buffer agent and a surfactant with circulation of the aqueous solution between the developing tank and an external tank provided outside a processing path line including the developing tank so as to keep constant a liquid level of the aqueous solution in the developing tank.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for producing a safe lithographic printing plate that exhibits an excellent developability and an excellent processing performance. The present invention also provides a method for producing a lithographic printing plate which enables single liquid processing and in which the obtained plate does not exhibit an impaired printing durability, does not exhibit a decline in printing durability even when the printing plate is stored after development before printing, and can inhibit the appearance of fingerprint scumming. A method of producing a lithographic printing plate is provided comprising: imagewise photoexposing a negative-working lithographic printing plate precursor that has an image-recording layer containing the (i), (ii), (iii), and (iv) described below on a hydrophilic support; and treating thereafter the imagewise-photoexposed negative-working lithographic printing plate precursor with an aqueous solution that has a pH of 8.5 to 10.

Abstract: A method for preparing a lithographic printing plate includes: exposing a lithographic printing plate precursor including a hydrophilic support, a photosensitive layer containing (A) a sensitizing dye having an absorption maximum in a wavelength range of from 350 to 450 nm represented by the formula (I) or (II) as defined herein, (B) a polymerization initiator, (C) a polymerizable compound and (D) a binder polymer and a protective layer in this order with laser of from 350 to 450 nm; and removing the protective layer and an unexposed area of the photosensitive layer in the presence of a developer having pH of from 9 to 11 and containing an alkali agent, a surfactant and a water-soluble polymer compound by an automatic processor.

Abstract: A method for preparing a lithographic printing plate includes: exposing a lithographic printing plate precursor including a hydrophilic support, a photosensitive layer containing (A) a sensitizing dye having an absorption maximum in a wavelength range of from 350 to 450 nm represented by the formula (I) as defined herein, (B) a polymerization initiator, (C) a polymerizable compound and (D) a binder polymer and a protective layer in this order with laser of from 350 to 450 nm; and removing the protective layer and an unexposed area of the photosensitive layer in the presence of a developer having pH of from 9 to 11 and containing a carbonate ion, a hydrogen carbonate ion, a surfactant and a water-soluble polymer compound by an automatic processor.

Abstract: A processing method of a lithographic printing plate precursor includes: exposing imagewise a lithographic printing plate precursor comprising a support on a surface of which at least one of: a hydrophilizing treatment; and an undercoat layer has been provided and an image-recording layer, to cure an exposed area of the image-recording layer; and undergoing developing processing with an aqueous solution having pH of from 2 to 10, wherein the aqueous solution comprises an amphoteric surfactant and an anionic surfactant selected from an anionic surfactant having an aliphatic chain and a total number of carbon atoms included in the aliphatic chain of 6 or more and an anionic surfactant having an aromatic ring and a total number of carbon atoms of 12 or more, and a content of the anionic surfactant is from 0.1 to 3.3% by weight of the aqueous solution.

Abstract: A lithographic printing plate precursor includes: a support; and a photosensitive layer containing a binder polymer containing a positively charged nitrogen atom in at least one of a main chain and a side chain of the binder polymer, a compound containing an ethylenically unsubstituted bond; and a radical polymerization initiator.