Abstract: An organic thin-film transistor comprising a gate electrode, a gate insulator layer, an organic semiconductor layer, a source electrode and a drain electrode wherein the organic semiconductor layer consists of the organic semiconductor material having the structure represented by the general formula (1) shown below, and the organic semiconductor layer has crystallinity: wherein L represents a bivalent linker group having the structure consisting of one group or any combination of two or more groups selected from unsubstituted or fluorinated benzene residue, unsubstituted or fluorinated thiophene residue, unsubstituted or fluorinated thienothophene residue; R1 represents carbonyl group, cyano group or C1-C6 fluorinated alkyl group; R2 represents halogen atom, cyano group, carbonyl group or acetyl group.

Abstract: An organic field effect transistor including an organic semiconductor layer constituting a current path between a source electrode and a drain electrode wherein the organic semiconductor layer is made of a conjugated polymer having a depletion layer and a conductivity of the organic semiconductor layer is controlled by using a gate electrode, wherein the depletion layer is formed by joining a reductive material being capable of forming Schottky contact with the organic semiconductor layer made of the conjugated polymer. There can be provided an organic field effect transistor using a conjugated polymer as an organic semiconductor and being capable of maintaining an insulation property.

Abstract: To provide an actuator that can flexibly and softly move like muscles, can maintain a stable operation over a long period of time, can generate a strong driving force, has a rapid input response, has a favorable sensitivity, has a high energy conversion efficiency, and can be accurately controlled, a coil is embedded in a magnetic elastomer obtained by mixing a powder-like ferromagnetic or highly magnetic permeable material with an elastomer, so that the coil can be electrically connected. By electrically connecting the coil, a magnetic field generates in the coil and around the coil. The magnetic field penetrates the magnetic elastomer. When the magnetic field generates in the magnetic elastomer, deformation force acts on the magnetic elastomer by the magnetic force acting on each portion in the magnetic elastomer. Thus, driving force can be obtained.

Abstract: An organic thin-film transistor comprising a gate electrode, a gate insulator layer, an organic semiconductor layer, a source electrode and a drain electrode wherein the organic semiconductor layer consists of the organic semiconductor material having the structure represented by the general formula (1) shown below, and the organic semiconductor layer has crystallinity: wherein L represents a bivalent linker group having the structure consisting of one group or any combination of two or more groups selected from unsubstituted or fluorinated benzene residue, unsubstituted or fluorinated thiophene residue, unsubstituted or fluorinated thienothophene residue; R1 represents carbonyl group, cyano group or C1-C6 fluorinated alkyl group; R2 represents halogen atom, cyano group, carbonyl group or acetyl group.

Abstract: An organic field effect transistor including an organic semiconductor layer constituting a current path between a source electrode and a drain electrode wherein the organic semiconductor layer is made of a conjugated polymer having a depletion layer and a conductivity of the organic semiconductor layer is controlled by using a gate electrode, wherein the depletion layer is formed by joining a reductive material being capable of forming Schottky contact with the organic semiconductor layer made of the conjugated polymer. There can be provided an organic field effect transistor using a conjugated polymer as an organic semiconductor and being capable of maintaining an insulation property.

Abstract: To provide an actuator that can flexibly and softly move like muscles, can maintain a stable operation over a long period of time, can generate a strong driving force, has a rapid input response, has a favorable sensitivity, has a high energy conversion efficiency, and can be accurately controlled. A coil is embedded in a magnetic elastomer obtained by mixing a powder-like ferromagnetic or highly magnetic permeable material with an elastomer, so that the coil can be electrically connected. By electrically connecting the coil, a magnetic field generates in the coil and around the coil. The magnetic field penetrates the magnetic elastomer. When the magnetic field generates in the magnetic elastomer, deformation force acts on the magnetic elastomer by the magnetic force acting on each portion in the magnetic elastomer. Thus, driving force can be obtained.

Abstract: Laminates containing a layer of conductive polyaniline are provided for various uses such as actuator devices. The laminates are controllably deformable and can operate on an electromechanical, chemomechanical, and mechanoelectrical modes. The laminates are preferably constructed so as to have a first flexible layer of polyaniline and a second flexible layer of polyaniline surmounted thereon. The polyaniline layers are separated by an electronically insulating layer.

Abstract: An electrically conductive polymer is produced by dissolving or dispersing a monomer of an aromatic compound or a derivative thereof and an electrolyte in an organic polar medium, effecting an electrochemical, anodic oxidation in the resulting solution or dispersion, in the presence of one or more metal ions, to obtain an electrically conductive polymer, and separating the obtained polymer. The metal ion is being selected from the group consisting of a copper ion, bivalent silver ion, trivalent iron ion, trivalent manganese ion, a ruthenium ion, a rhenium ion and a rhodium ion. Films of the polymer have high conductivity.