Abstract: An imaging display apparatus comprises: a liquid-crystal display element; and a imaging unit, the liquid-crystal display element displaying an image alternately with respect to the imaging unit imaging a subject. The element comprises sets of pixels and a color filter that filters at least three colors, each of the sets of pixels corresponding to one of the colors, and the imaging unit does not have a color filter. The apparatus comprises: a section that controls transmittance such that only light entering one of the sets of pixels passes through the liquid-crystal display element, wherein the transmittance control is switched at a predetermined timing between the sets of pixels; a section that controls imaging of the imaging unit synchronous with the timing; a section that generates color image data by using a plurality of image data sets, each corresponding to one of the colors, and being obtained by imaging the subject.

Abstract: The liquid crystal display of the present invention comprises a backlight, an anisotropic scattering film having different scattering properties depending on incident angles, a liquid crystal cell comprising liquid crystals sandwiched between two facing substrates, polarizing plates respectively disposed on the backlight side and visual recognition side of the liquid crystal cell, and at least one optical diffusion film on the visual recognition side of the liquid crystal cell. A difference H(?)?H(0) between the haze H(?) of the anisotropic scattering film for incident light at a gray scale inversion angle ? of the liquid crystal cell, and the haze H(0) for incident light from the normal direction of this anisotropic scattering film is 5% to 100%, and the anisotropic scattering film is disposed between the backlight and the liquid crystal cell.

Abstract: A compressively coded data reproduction apparatus and method for separating compressively coded video, audio, and additional data, data from a stream, outputting these data performing head detection on video and audio frames; decoding the video frames to output video data; decoding the audio frames to output audio data; judging whether a detected head frame is a video frame or an audio frame corresponding to a designated entry point start time information being among the additional data of the detected frame, outputting a decoding request when the detected frame is judged as a video and/or audio frame corresponding to the start time, and outputting an output request at the point of time when both of the video frame and the audio frame have been decoded. The system can output a video frame and an audio frame at the same time, within a prediction of video frame unit or audio frame unit, when starting reproduction of compressively coded data from an entry point.

Abstract: An optical film containing an anti-glare layer having irregularities on a surface thereof, wherein the irregularities are arranged such that the value of NN determined by the sequence of the following steps is 1,000 or less: dividing the irregular surface of the optical film into 10,000 planes; calculating, for each divided plane, the standard deviation D of the distance between positions where adjacent high or low spots have peaks; determining the mean value M for the values of the standard deviation D; and determining the number NN of divided planes for which the value of the standard deviation D is 50% of the mean value M or lower; and, wherein the frequency at which the angle of inclination to the regular reflecting plane as measured with an aperture of two square microns is 0.5 or less degrees is 2% or lower.

Abstract: A photonic crystal manufacturing method exposes two or more silver halide particle layers that contain silver halide particles which have different spectral sensitivity characteristics for each of the silver halide particle layers to light having wavelengths corresponding to the respective different spectral sensitivity characteristics, and then develops the exposed silver halide particle layers to form therein a periodic structure with an aggregate of developed silver. Photonic crystals can be manufactured with relative ease in a relatively short period of time. This method assures continued high accuracy.

Abstract: The method of compressing a multi-spectral image formed of a plurality of elemental images having different spectral distribution ranges calculates an average image and a superior average image by averaging two elemental images and two inferior average images having respective spectral distribution ranges close to each other, respectively. The method calculates finally a superlative average image of all the elemental images by hierarchically repeating the calculating step. Next, the method creates differential images between all the elemental images and the respective average images and between the inferior average images and the respective superior average and calculates compressed differential images by compressing the differential images. The method records the superlative average image and the compressed differential images so as to take a hierarchical structure with the superlative average image being positioned at a top.

Abstract: A method of recognizing characters of a document including ruled lines. After separating the characters from the ruled lines, a bounding box and a corresponding character pattern are extracted for each character (hereinafter, “the character”). Contour information and ground (white pel area) information are extracted as fundamental features from the character pattern. Various statistical features are extracted based on the fundamental features. Various structural features are extracted based on the fundamental features and the character pattern. On the basis of the extracted statistical features, some candidates for the character and corresponding degrees of similarity are found to provide at least such one of the candidates as has largest degree(s) of similarity and degree(s) of similarity associated with the provided candidate(s).

Abstract: A method of recognizing characters of a document including ruled lines. After separating the characters from the ruled lines, a bounding box and a corresponding character pattern are extracted for each character (hereinafter, “the character”). Contour information and ground (white pel area) information are extracted as fundamental features from the character pattern. Various statistical features are extracted based on the fundamental features. Various structural features are extracted based on the fundamental features and the character pattern. On the basis of the extracted statistical features, some candidates for the character and corresponding degrees of similarity are found to provide at least such one of the candidates as has largest degree(s) of similarity and degree(s) of similarity associated with the provided candidate(s).

Abstract: An optical film containing an anti-glare layer having irregularities on a surface thereof, wherein the irregularities are arranged such that the value of NN determined by the sequence of the following steps is 1,000 or less: dividing the irregular surface of the optical film into 10,000 planes; calculating, for each divided plane, the standard deviation D of the distance between positions where adjacent high or low spots have peaks; determining the mean value M for the values of the standard deviation D; and determining the number NN of divided planes for which the value of the standard deviation D is 50% of the mean value M or lower; and, wherein the frequency at which the angle of inclination to the regular reflecting plane as measured with an aperture of two square microns is 0.5 or less degrees is 2 or lower.

Abstract: A silver halide photographic material is disclosed, comprising a support having provided thereon at least one silver halide emulsion layer, wherein the silver halide emulsion layer contains, in the dispersion medium phase of the emulsion, one or more kinds of inorganic fine particles having a refractive index the total weight of the fine particles contained in the unit volume of the dispersion medium phase is from 1.0 to 95 wt %, the dispersion medium phase containing the fine particles is substantially transparent to the photosensitive peak wavelength light of the emulsion layer, and the photographic material is exposed and processed in the development process comprising at least a developing step and a fixing step.

Abstract: A silver halide photographic material is disclosed, comprising a support having provided thereon at least one silver halide emulsion layer, wherein the silver halide emulsion layer contains, in the dispersion medium phase of the emulsion, one or more kinds of inorganic fine particles having a refractive index the total weight of the fine particles contained in the unit volume of the dispersion medium phase is from 1.0 to 95 wt %, the dispersion medium phase containing the fine particles is substantially transparent to the photosensitive peak wavelength light of the emulsion layer, and the photographic material is exposed and processed in the development process comprising at least a developing step and a fixing step.

Abstract: Herein disclosed is an apparatus for decompressing compressed data which can decompress compressed data at a high speed as compared with the prior art decompressing apparatus. The apparatus comprises recording means, reading means, decompressing means, at least one frame memory, picture designating means, and control means. The recording means is designed to record the compressed data to be decompressed by the decompressing means. The recording means includes at least one random access memory for recording the compressed data in order to enable the random access to read each GOP in any order. The reading means is adapted to read the compressed data to be decompressed by the decompressing means from the recording means. The decompressing means is operated to decompress the compressed data read from the recording means by the reading means. At least one frame memory is operated to store the decompressed data produced by the decompressing means.

Abstract: A compressively coded data reproduction apparatus and method for separating compressively coded video, audio, and additional data, data from a stream, outputting these data performing head detection on video and audio frames; decoding the video frames to output video data; decoding the audio frames to output audio data; judging whether a detected head frame is a video frame or an audio frame corresponding to a designated entry point start time information being among the additional data of the detected frame, outputting a decoding request when the detected frame is judged as a video and/or audio frame corresponding to the start time, and outputting an output request at the point of time when both of the video frame and the audio frame have been decoded. The system can output a video frame and an audio frame at the same time, within a prediction of video frame unit or audio frame unit, when starting reproduction of compressively coded data from an entry point.

Abstract: A picture signal reproducing apparatus for synchronously reproducing a variety of digital coded data strings, comprises: data transmission controlling unit for inputting a series of digital multiplexed coded data strings including a plurality of packs connected with each other in serial, each of the packs having a SCR, and inserting a reproduction unit switching information at a seamless point between two packs in the series of digital multiplexed coded data strings according to the SCR for each of the packs; and reproduction controlling unit for detecting the seamless point on the basis of the reproduction unit switching information from the series of digital multiplexed coded data strings to synchronously reproduce the variety of digital coded data strings at the detected seamless point.

Abstract: A fuzzy rough classification section 7 classifies an input pattern into a plurality of category groups and calculates their attribution factors. A plurality of fine classification sections 8 calculate similarities in respective category groups. In each fine classification section 8, a weight change amount control section 82 controls the weight change amount in an associated similarity calculating section 81 in accordance with the group attribution factor selected by a second group selecting section (10), thereby enabling a cooperative learning operation among plural fine classification sections 8. A force learning control section 17 performs a supplemental learning operation, if the input pattern is rejected regardless of its correctness, until its reject judge value is reduced below a predetermined reject threshold.