Abstract: Provided is a method of manufacturing an optical element and an optical element, in which an alignment pattern can be formed with high manufacturing efficiency and high accuracy, an increase in manufacturing time caused by an increase in size can be suppressed, and a liquid crystal compound can be appropriately aligned. The method is a method of manufacturing an optical element, the optical element including a liquid crystal layer that is formed of a liquid crystal composition including a liquid crystal compound, an alignment film that aligns the liquid crystal compound of the liquid crystal layer, and a support, the method including: an alignment film forming step of forming the alignment film having a periodic unevenness shape on the support, the unevenness shape having a tilted surface that is tilted with respect to a surface of the support; and a liquid crystal layer forming step of forming the liquid crystal layer on the alignment film.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a compound having an excellent rate of change in HTP caused by exposure. Another object of the present invention is to provide a liquid crystal composition formed of the compound, a cured product, an optically anisotropic body, and a reflective film. The compound of the present invention is represented by General Formula (1). In General Formula (1), a portion where a solid line and a broken line are parallel to each other represents a single bond or a double bond. In General Formula (1), X1 to X8 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or a monovalent substituent. However, at least one of X1, X3, X5, or X7 and at least one of X2, X4, X6, or X8 represent a substituent including a group represented by General Formula (2). In General Formula (2), Z represents a single bond or —O—. Y1 and Y2 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbon group not including an aryl group. *1 and *2 represent bonding positions.

Abstract: Provided are a backlight unit and a liquid crystal display device including the backlight unit, the backlight unit being capable of switching between viewing angles in the liquid crystal display device and having a configuration in which the brightness values of emitted light on the “+” side and the “?” side at a polar angle with respect to the normal line are symmetric to each other.

Abstract: A first objective of the present invention is to provide a liquid crystal composition for forming a cholesteric liquid crystal layer having excellent characteristics capable of reflecting light incident on a layer surface from a normal direction in a direction other than the normal direction. In addition, a second object of the present invention is to provide a cholesteric liquid crystal layer formed of the liquid crystal composition. In addition, a third object of the present invention is to provide a cured substance obtained by curing the liquid crystal composition. In addition, a fourth object of the present invention is to provide an optically anisotropic body formed of the liquid crystal composition, and an optically anisotropic body consisting of the cholesteric liquid crystal layer. In addition, a fifth object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing a cholesteric liquid crystal layer using the liquid crystal composition.

Abstract: A method, a program, and a method determining hypermutated type cancer with higher accuracy than before is provided.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing a reflective layer having an excellent diffuse reflectivity and a wide reflection wavelength range. Another object of the present invention is to provide a reflective layer having an excellent diffuse reflectivity and a wide reflection wavelength range.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a compound having an excellent rate of change in HTP caused by exposure. Another object of the present invention is to provide a composition formed of the compound, a cured product, an optically anisotropic body, and a reflective film. The compound of the present invention is a compound represented by General Formula (1).

Abstract: A compound has a strong HTP and a high temperature dependence of HTP. In addition, a liquid crystal composition, a cured substance, an optical anisotropic boy, and a reflection film the above-described compound. The compound is represented by General Formula (1), wherein X1 and X2 each independently represent —CH?CH—or C?C—.

Abstract: The present invention provides a compound having an excellent rate of change in HTP due to exposure. The present invention further provides a composition formed of the compound, a cured product, an optically anisotropic body, and a reflective film. The compound of the present invention is a compound represented by General Formula (1).

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a compound which increases the intensity of HTP by exposure to irradiation with light such as ultraviolet rays, and a mixture including the compound. Another object of the present invention is to provide a liquid crystal composition, a cured product, an optically anisotropic body, and a reflective film. The compound of the present invention is represented by General Formula (1).

Abstract: Provided are a cholesteric liquid crystal layer having an excellent reflection anisotropy, a low haze, and a high circular polarization degree of reflected light, and a method for producing the same. In addition, provided are a laminate, an optically anisotropic body, and a reflective film, each of which including the cholesteric liquid crystal layer.

Abstract: A method, a program, and a method determining hypermutated type cancer with higher accuracy than before is provided.

Abstract: A first object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing a cholesteric liquid crystal layer, which can produce a cholesteric liquid crystal layer whose reflection surface is not parallel to the substrate surface by a simple method. A second object of the present invention is to provide a cholesteric liquid crystal layer, and an optically anisotropic body and a reflective layer, each of which includes the cholesteric liquid crystal layer. A third object of the present invention is to provide a liquid crystal composition capable of forming the cholesteric liquid crystal layer. A fourth object of the present invention is to provide a cured product, an optically anisotropic body, and a reflective layer, each of which is formed of the liquid crystal composition.

Abstract: A first object of the present invention is to provide a liquid crystal composition which has excellent planarity in a case of being formed into a coating film and is also capable of forming a reflective layer having excellent diffuse reflectivity. A second object of the present invention is to provide a reflective layer that is formed using the liquid crystal composition, as well as a method for producing a reflective layer. A third object of the present invention is to provide a copolymer that can be used as an alignment control agent for a liquid crystal compound. The liquid crystal composition of the present invention includes a polymerizable liquid crystal compound and a copolymer having a predetermined structure.

Abstract: The method for producing a gas separation composite membrane includes applying a mixed liquid containing compounds (a) and (b) below onto a porous support to form a coating film and curing the coating film to form a crosslinked polysiloxane compound layer: (a) a particular crosslinkable polysiloxane compound having a structural unit (a1), a structural unit (a2), and a structural unit (a3) or (a4), and (b) a particular crosslinkable polysiloxane compound having a structural unit (b1), a structural unit (b2), and a structural unit (b3) or (b4), where R1a to R1f and R2a to R2f represent a particular group and * represents a particular linking site.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing a reflective layer having an excellent diffuse reflectivity and a wide reflection wavelength range. Another object of the present invention is to provide a reflective layer having an excellent diffuse reflectivity and a wide reflection wavelength range.

Abstract: A first object of the present invention is to provide a liquid crystal composition capable of forming a reflective layer having excellent diffuse reflectivity. A second object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing a reflective layer having excellent diffuse reflectivity and a reflective layer having excellent diffuse reflectivity. A third object of the present invention is to provide a cured product and an optically anisotropic body, each of which is formed of the liquid crystal composition.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a compound having a strong HTP and a high temperature dependence of HTP. In addition, another object is to provide a liquid crystal composition, a cured substance, an optical anisotropic boy, and a reflection film in which the above-described compound is used. The compound of the present invention is represented by General Formula (1).

Abstract: A gas separation membrane has a gas separation layer containing a crosslinked cellulose resin. The crosslinked cellulose resin has a particular linking structure in a crosslinked structure. The gas separation layer contains an organic solvent in a particular amount.

Abstract: A gas separation membrane includes a gas separation layer containing a polyimide compound having a repeating unit represented by Formula (I), in Formula (I), RI represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, or a halogen atom, Xa represents a sulfamoyl group, an alkoxysulfonyl group, a carboxy group, a hydroxy group, an acyloxy group, or a halogen atom, and R represents a mother nucleus having a specific structure.