Abstract: A Koch functionalized product, which is the reaction product of at least one hydrocarbon with carbon monoxide and a nucleophilic trapping agent, is derivatized with a heavy polyamine and a second amine. The hydrocarbon is a hydrocarbon compound or a hydrocarbon polymer. A heavy polyamine is a mixture of polyamines containing small amounts of lower polyamine oligomers such as tetraethylene pentamine and pentaethylenehexamine and containing primarily oligomers with more than 6 nitrogens and more extensive branching. Rubber seals embrittlement is reduced or minimized.

Abstract: A continuous process for functionalizing olefins, especially polymer olefins in a CSTR or pipe reactor. Esters are preferably produced by continuous reaction of the olefin with carbon monoxide and a nucleophilic trapping agent. The liquid-filled pipe reactor operates in plug flow with static mixers and the CSTR is operated in the substantial absence of air at constant liquid level.

Abstract: A rapid, batch Koch carbonylation/functionalization reaction of at least one polymer olefin, carbon monoxide, and an aliphatic or aryl alcohol in the presence of an acid catalyst with either an alcohol:polymer olefin mole ratio .gtoreq.1:1, or an acid catalyst:polymer olefin mole ratio .gtoreq.0.9:1, or both, and recovering at least 80% functionalized polymer which is predominantly ester.

Abstract: A dispersant derivatized from a functionalized hydrocarbon and a polyamine having one primary amine and 1-10, preferably 3-8 secondary or tertiary amines; preferably where said functionalized hydrocarbon is a Koch-derived hydrocarbon.

Abstract: A Koch functionalized product which is the reaction product of at least one polymer having a number average molecular weight of at least 500 and at least one ethylenic double bond per polymer chain, with carbon monoxide and a nucleophilic trapping agent. The invention includes functionalized polymer, derivatives thereof and methods of making the same.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a process for preparing a polymeric amide which comprises the steps of:(A) reacting a mixture of (i) functionalized hydrocarbon polymer containing ester functional groups comprising at least one member selected from the group consisting of substituted alkyl ester functional groups, the substituted alkyl moiety containing at least one electron withdrawing substituent group, and aryl ester functional groups, the hydrocarbon polymer having a number average molecular weight of at least about 500 prior to functionalization, and (ii) an amine having at least one reactive --NH.sub.2 moiety, for a time and under conditions sufficient to form amide groups; and(B) removing from the mixture during step (A) hydroxyl compound released from the ester functional groups in forming the amide groups.The polymeric amides so produced are useful as fuel additives (e.g., detergents) and lubricating oil additives (e.g., dispersants).