Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes an image bearing member; a charging member for electrically charging the image bearing member; developing means for developing with a developer an electrostatic latent image formed on the image bearing member, the developing means having a developer carrying member for carrying the developer, wherein a gap is formed between the developer carrying member and the image bearing member; bias voltage applying means for applying a bias voltage to the developer carrying member, wherein the bias applying means applies an AC bias when the electrostatic latent image is developed, wherein the developing means is capable of collecting the developer fro the image bearing member, and an amplitude of an AC bias voltage applied to the developer carrying member by the bias applying means when the the developer is collected, is larger than that when the the electrostatic latent image is developed.

Abstract: A developer apparatus includes a developer carrying member, for carrying a developer to a developing portion, the developer carrying member including an electroconductive base and a resistance layer provided thereon; a developer feeding member for being supplied with a voltage to supply the developer to the developer carrying member; wherein a surface moving speed of the developer carrying member Vp [mm/sec], a resistance R1 (?) of the developer carrying member when an electric current applied the developer carrying member is 0.04 Vp [?A], and a resistance R2 (?) or the developer carrying member when the electric current applied to the developer carrying member is 4 Vp [?A], satisfy: r1/R2<15.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus including a movable image bearing member, a charging member disposed opposed to the image bearing member, a transfer member for transferring a toner image from the image bearing member onto a recording material, and potential control means far changing a potential gradient on the image bearing member at a position corresponding to an end of the recording material in a direction opposite from a charge polarity of the toner with respect to a direction opposite from a movement direction of the image bearing member.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes a plurality of image forming parts, a moving medium continuously moving on the image forming parts, first and second image forming devices, a test image density measuring device, and a control device. The first test image forming device forms a first test image on the medium by using the image forming parts in a first order. The second test image forming device forms a second test image on the medium. The control device controls image forming processing in the image forming parts based on a result of a density measurement of the second test image.

Abstract: A developing apparatus includes a developer carrying member for carrying a developer; and a developer feeding member, disposed close to or in contact to the developer carrying member, for supplying a developer to the developer carrying member, the developer feeding member being in the form of a wire and is adapted to be supplied with a voltage which is effective to electrically charge the developer to a regular polarity and which is higher than a discharge starling voltage at which electric discharge starts between the developer carrying member and the developer feeding member.

Abstract: A developing apparatus includes a developer carrying member, disposed opposite to an image bearing member, for carrying developer which is caused to jump from the developer carrying member to the image bearing member to develop an electrostatic latent image formed on said image bearing member by creating an oscillation electric field between the image bearing member and the developer carrying member at an opposing portion where the image bearing member and the developer carrying member are opposed to each other; and a jumping developer regulation member for regulating an area in which the developer is caused to jump in the opposing portion. The jumping developer regulation member is disposed apart from the developer carried by the developer carrying member and is an insulating member or an electrically floating member.

Abstract: Video data recorded on a non-linearly accessible information recording medium is searched in the same manner as the operation of a VTR. In high-speed playback at 8-x speed, a screen is horizontally divided into 8. Eight different frames of low resolution data are partially displayed in respective areas obtained by the division. If normal playback is directed by a user in this state, a reproduction speed is gradually decelerated at a constant deceleration, corresponding to acceleration, to 7-x, 6-x, 5-x, 4-x, 3-x, double and single speeds. Meanwhile, for example, when the reproduction speed is decelerated to 5-x speed, the screen is horizontally divided into 5. Five different frames of the low resolution data are partially displayed in the respective areas obtained by the division. The present invention is applicable to a disc player.

Abstract: A developing apparatus including a developer container which contains a first developer having a first charging polarity and a second developer having a second charging polarity opposite to the first charging polarity, a developer bearing member which bears the first and the second developers, a layer forming device which forms a first layer substantially composed of the first developer on the developer bearing member and forms a second layer composed of the first and the second developers on the first layer, a separating member which is provided downstream of the layer forming device and upstream of a developing part in a developer bearing and conveying direction of the developer bearing member to separate the second layer from the developer bearing member, whereby plural kinds of developers can be selectively supplied for a development.

Abstract: A developer apparatus includes a developer carrying member, for carrying a developer to a developing portion, the developer carrying member including an electroconductive base and a resistance layer provided thereon; a developer feeding member for being supplied with a voltage to supply the developer to the developer carrying member; wherein a surface moving speed of the developer carrying member Vp [mm/sec], a resistance R1 (&OHgr;) of the developer carrying member when an electric current applied the developer carrying member is 0.

Abstract: The image forming apparatus has an image bearing member for transferring an image from the image bearing member to a recording material, a fixing device for fixing an image onto the recording material, the fixing device having a heating member and back-up roller for forming a nip in cooperation with the heating member. In the image forming apparatus, a normal mode for a case in which the recording material is paper and a resin sheet mode for a case in which the recording material is resin, and wherein when the resin sheet mode is selected a voltage applied to said transfer member is lower than that of the case in which the normal mode is selected so that an absolute value of a front surface potential of the resin sheet becomes small.

Abstract: A developing device including a housing, a developer bearing member rotatably provided in an opening portion of the housing, a developer containing chamber, and a developer supplying and removing member being in contact with the developer bearing member, and having the function of supplying a developer in the developer containing chamber to the developer bearing member and the function of removing the developer from the developer bearing member, wherein the developer bearing member is disposed above the developer containing chamber, and the developer supplying and removing member has the function of upwardly carrying the developer in the developer containing chamber.

Abstract: The developing apparatus has a housing, a developer bearing member rotatably provided at an opening of the housing, a developer containing room, a carrying member for carrying developer from the developer containing room toward the developer bearing member, and a developer accumulating portion provided proximate to the developer bearing member and adapted to accumulate the developer carried by the carrying member. In the developing apparatus, the developer accumulating portion is provided above a rotational center of the carrying member.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes an image bearing member; a charging member for electrically charging the image bearing member; developing means for developing with a developer an electrostatic latent image formed on the image bearing member, the developing means having a developer carrying member for carrying the developer, wherein a gap is formed between the developer carrying member and the image bearing member; bias voltage applying means for applying a bias voltage to the developer carrying member, wherein the bias applying means applies an AC bias when the electrostatic latent image is developed, wherein the developing means is capable of collecting the developer fro the image bearing member, and an amplitude of an AC bias voltage applied to the developer carrying member by the bias applying means when the the developer is collected, is larger than that when the the electrostatic latent image is developed.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus including a movable image bearing member, a charging member disposed opposed to the image bearing member, a transfer member for transferring a toner image from the image bearing member onto a recording material, and potential control means far changing a potential gradient on the image bearing member at a position corresponding to an end of the recording material in a direction opposite from a charge polarity of the toner with respect to a direction opposite from a movement direction of the image bearing member.

Abstract: A developing apparatus includes a developer carrying member for carrying a developer; and a developer feeding member, disposed close to or in contact to the developer carrying member, for supplying a developer to the developer carrying member, the developer feeding member being in the form of a wire and is adapted to be supplied with a voltage which is effective to electrically charge the developer to a regular polarity and which is higher than a discharge starling voltage at which electric discharge starts between the developer carrying member and the developer feeding member.

Abstract: A developing device including a housing, a developer bearing member rotatably provided in the opening portion of the housing, a developer containing chamber, and a developer supplying and removing member being in contact with the developer bearing member, and having the function of supplying a developer in the developer containing chamber to the developer bearing member and the function of removing the developer from the developer bearing member, wherein the developer bearing member is disposed above the developer containing chamber, and the developer supplying and removing member has the function of upwardly carrying the developer in the developer containing chamber.

Abstract: The developing apparatus has a housing, a developer bearing member rotatably provided at an opening of the housing, a developer containing room, a carrying member for carrying the developer in the developer containing room toward the developer bearing member, and a developer accumulating portion arranged near the developer bearing member and adapted to accumulate the developer carried by the carrying member. In the developing apparatus, the developer accumulating portion is provided above a rotational center of the carrying member.

Abstract: The image forming apparatus has an image bearing member, a transfer member for transferring an image from the image bearing member to a recording material, a fixing device for fixing an image onto the recording material, the fixing device having a heating member and back-up roller for forming a nip in cooperation with the heating member. In the image forming apparatus, the back-up roller has a conductive material containing layer, and a voltage applied to the transfer member when the recording material is a resin sheet is lower than a voltage applied thereto when the recording material is paper.

Abstract: A heating assembly having a press roller which has an elastic layer incorporated dispersedly with voids formed by resin microballoons. The press roller has a low thermal conductivity, hence heat from a heating means can effectively be utilized. It has also a low hardness, so that a pressure contact nip formed between it and the heating means can be made wider.

Abstract: An image fixing apparatus has a heating member, a back-up roller cooperating with the heating member to form a nip therebetween for pinching and conveying a recording material bearing an image thereon, and a controlling device for controlling a temperature of the nip. The controlling device heats the nip after a fixing process is finished and after a rotation of the back-up roller is stopped.