Abstract: The invention describes transdermal vaccines which contain ultrasound responsive particles comprising a polypeptide shell. The surface of the particle has one or more indentations which are generally able to entrap a gas bubble. The particles are capable of generating inertial cavitation on exposure to ultrasound. The particles can be delivered transdermally, and can comprise antigen protein and/or adjuvant within the particle structure. The particles are therefore useful in methods of vaccination using transdermal delivery routes.

Abstract: The invention describes vaccine compositions containing particles having a polypeptide shell and a water-immiscible core. The polypeptide shell may comprise one or more pathogenic antigen proteins and/or one or more adjuvant polypeptides. Administration of the composition generates an immune response to the polypeptide contained in the shell. Adjuvant may be comprised in the water-immiscible core of the particle. The particles are therefore useful in methods of vaccination.

Abstract: The invention describes particles having a polypeptide shell. The polypeptide shell comprises at least one immunomodulatory polypeptide. Particles may be ultrasound-responsive particles, providing the ability to administer particles trandermally, or deliver particles to selected sites by use of ultrasound. Administration of the particles generates immunologic response to the polypeptide in the shell of the particle. The particles are therefore useful in methods of immunotherapy.

Abstract: A composition includes a porous carbon substrate; a hydrocarbon gas; a sealant configured to retain the hydrocarbon gas with at least a portion of the porous carbon substrate. Such a composition is known as a carbon-hydrocarbon gas composite. Another composition includes the carbon-hydrocarbon gas composite and fuel. Such fuels include diesel.